Pol 221 - Exam 1

Front 1

Cold War

Back 1

Rivalry between the superpowers from the end of World War II to the collapse of the Soviet Union

Front 2

Communism

Back 2

A theory developed by Marx and Engels that was adapted and used in such countries as China and the former Soviet Union

Front 3

Constitution

Back 3

A basic political document that lays out the institutions and procedures a country follows

Front 4

Crisis

Back 4

A critical turning point

Front 5

Decision Making

Back 5

The way governments (or other bodies) make policies.

Front 6

Demand

Back 6

Inputs through which people and interest groups put pressure on the state for change.

Front 7

Democratization

Back 7

The process of developing democratic states.

Front 8

Environment

Back 8

In systems theory, everything lying outside the political system.

Front 9

Feedback

Back 9

How events today are communicated to people later on and shape what people do later on.

Front 10

Globalization

Back 10

Popular term used to describe how international economic, social, and technological forces are affecting events inside individual countries.

Front 11

Government

Back 11

Either a generic term to describe the formal part of the state or the administration of the day.

Front 12

Imperialism

Back 12

The policy of colonizing other countries - literally, establishing empires.

Front 13

Industrialized democracy

Back 13

The richest countries with advance economies and liberal states.

Front 14

Input

Back 14

Support or demand from people to the state.

Front 15

Interest Group

Back 15

An organization formed to work for the views of a relatively narrow group of people, such as a trade union or business association.

Front 16

International Political Economy (IPE)

Back 16

The network of economic activity that transcends national boundaries.

Front 17

Less Developed Countries (LDC)

Back 17

Poor countries, with low rates of literacy and many problems with the government and coups.

Front 18

Nation

Back 18

As used by political scientists, primarily a psychological term to describe attachment or identity, rather than a geopolitical unit such as the state.

Front 19

Newly Industrialized Countries (NICs)

Back 19

The handful of countries, such as South Korea, that have developed a strong industrial base and grown faster than most of the Third World.

Front 20

Output

Back 20

Public policy in systems theory.

Front 21

Political Culture

Back 21

Basic values and assumptions that people have toward authority, the political system, and other overarching themes in political life.

Front 22

Political Party

Back 22

Organization that contests elections or otherwise contends for power.

Front 23

Politics

Back 23

The process through which a community, state, or organization organizes and governs itself.

Front 24

Power

Back 24

As conventionally defined, the ability to get someone to do something he or she otherwise would not do.

Front 25

Public Policy

Back 25

The decisions made by a state that define what it will do.

Front 26

Regime

Back 26

The institutions and practices that endure from government to government, such as the constitutional order in a democracy.

Front 27

State

Back 27

All individuals and institutions that make public policy, whether they are in the government or not.

Front 28

Strong State

Back 28

One with the capacity and the political will to make and implement effective public policy.

Front 29

Support

Back 29

In systems analysis, popular input that tends to endorse the current leadership and its policies.

Front 30

Systems Theory

Back 30

A model for understanding political life.

Front 31

Third World

Back 31

Informal term for the poorest countries in Asia, Africa and Latin America.

Front 32

Totalitarianism

Back 32

Regime in which the state has all but total power.

Front 33

Weak State

Back 33

One without the capacity and the political will to make and implement effective public policy.

Front 34

Bureaucracy

Back 34

Part of the government composed of technical experts and others who remain from administration to administration.

Front 35

Cabinet Responsibility

Back 35

Principle that requires a prime minister and government to retain the support of a parliamentary majority.

Front 36

Catch-All

Back 36

Term devised in the 1960s to describe a new type of political party that plays down ideology in favor of slogans, telegenic candidates, and the like.

Front 37

Civic Culture

Back 37

Culture characterized by trust, legitimacy, and limited involvement, which some theorists believe is most conducive to democracy.

Front 38

Civil Society

Back 38

The web of membership in social and political groups that some analysts believe is needed to sustain democracy.

Front 39

Coalition

Back 39

a combination or alliance, especially a temporary one between persons, factions, states, etc.

Front 40

Democracy

Back 40

Government by the people; a form of government in which the supreme power is vested in the people and exercised directly by them or by their elected agents under a free electoral system.

Front 41

Electoral System

Back 41

Mechanisms through which votes are cast and tallied, and seats in the legislature are allotted.

Front 42

Facism

Back 42

Right-wing regimes, often drawing on racist philosophies in countries such as Germany and Japan between the two world wars.

Front 43

Integrated Elite

Back 43

In japan, France, and Germany, refers to cooperation among government, business and other interest groups.