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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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functions of the heart |
1. blood pressure 2. routing blood a. pulmonary (to and from lungs) b. systemic (to and from body) 3. regulation of blood |
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pleural cavity |
chest cavity for lungs and heart |
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mediastinum |
contains heart, trachea, esophagus, thymus, lymph nodes, and other structures |
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pericardial cavity |
area for heart, formed by pericardial sac |
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pericardial sac |
1. protective 2. anchors heart in place with firm attachment to tissues in pleural cavity 3. also attached to diaphragm 4. has fluid to help protect heart |
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epicardium |
outer layer of heart, adipose tissue, blood vessels |
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myocardium |
middle layer of heart, most of mass of heart, thickest layer |
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endocardium |
inner layer of heart, single cell layer thick, lines chambers and valves |
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right atrium |
receives oxygen-poor blood from body |
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left atrium |
receives oxygen-rich blood from body |
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right ventricle |
pumps blood to lungs |
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left ventricle |
pumps blood to body, biggest chamber of heart, high pressure |
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sulcus |
groove down outside of heart, divides left and right |
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aorta |
blood vessel which pumps out of left ventricle to body |
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pulmonary trunk |
major vessel that originates from right ventricle, branches into left and right pulmonary arteries, which lead to lungs |
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pulmonary arteries |
carries deoxygenated blood from heart to lungs |
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artery |
blood vessel that leaves heart |
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vein |
blood vessel that returns to heart |
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coronary sinus |
receives blood from coronary veins and empties into right atrium |
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papillary muscle |
raised pillars of muscles, heart valves are attached to them |
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superior vena cava |
vein which carries blood from upper half of body |
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inferior vena cava |
vein which carries blood from lower half of body |
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chordae tendenae |
1. strings originating from papillary muscles in ventricle 2. attached to valves |
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left atrio ventriculo (AV) |
biscuspid or mitral valve in between left atrium and left ventricle |
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right atrio ventriculo (AV) |
tricuspid valve between right atrium and right ventricle |
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semi-lunar valves |
1. at base of aorta and pulmonary trunk 2. heart sounds are valves slapping shut 3. when AV is open, lunar valves are shut 4. heart fills with blood, then lunar valves open, AV closes |
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blood pressure |
1. measurement of pressure in left ventricle 2. 120/80 bp systolic/diastolic contraction of left ventricles/contraction of atria |
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fibrous skeleton |
1. fibrous endoskeleton, wraps around each atria and then both atria 2. attachment points anchor heart valves 3. electrical insulation |
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heart cell anatomy |
1. sarcomeres 2. myofilaments 3. transverse T tubules 4. sarcoplasmic reticulum 5. intercalated disks 6. big mitochondria 7. cardiac tissue branches, and is short and wide |
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intercalated disks |
1. connection disks between heart muscle cells 2. allows for firm connection between cells 3. smooth transition |
