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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The Golgi apparatus is associated with the endoplasmic reticulum.
True or false |
True
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Mitosis and cytokinesis define the process of cell division.
True or False |
True
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The first step of intracellular glucose metabolism is the removal of a phosphate group by hexokinase.
True or False |
False
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A cell containing only impermeant solutes at a concentration of 300 mOsm (osmolality) is placed into a solution whose total impermeant solute concentration is 400 mOsm. The solution outside the cell is:
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Hyper-osmotic and hypertonic
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What tissue type lines internal hollow organs and external surfaces of the body, providing a barrier between the internal and external environment?
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Epithelial tissue
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The Na+/Glucose co-transporter moves two Na+ ions out of the cell for every glucose molecule that it moves in.
True or False |
False
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The greater the attractive forces between substrate and enzyme, that enzyme is said to have a higher ______ for the substrate.
a. Repulsion b. Cofactor activity c. Catalytic rate d. Coenzyme activity e. Affinity |
e. Affinity
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Which one of the following statements best describes extracellular fluid?
a. rich in sodium and potassium b. rich in proteins and sodium c. rich in potassium and proteins d. limited in phosphate-containing compounds e. rich in sodium and chloride |
e. rich in sodium and chloride
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Which one of the following will decrease membrane permeability of a molecule and slow the rate of simple diffusion?
a. Decreased membrane thickness b. Increased temperature c. Increased lipid solubility of the diffusing molecule d. Large size of the diffusing molecule e. Large concentration gradient |
d. Large size of the diffusing molecule
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A cell will shrink if it is placed in an isotonic solution.
True or False |
False
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Total body water is composed of?
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Intracellular and extracellular fluid
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If the concentration of K+ is 140 mM in the ICF (Intracellular Fluid) and 4 mM in the ECF (Extracellular Fluid), then the direction of the chemical driving force would be:
a. Out of the cell b. Neither into nor out of the cell c. Into the cell |
a. Out of the cell
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In some cases, signals originating within one cell can diffuse directly to a neighboring cell through?
a. Gap junctions b. Desmosomes c. Occludins d. Cadherins |
a. Gap junctions
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Exocrine glands secrete hormone into nearby blood vessels.
True or False |
False
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Fick’s Law predicts that the rate of transfer of a gas across a membrane is directly proportional to the membrane potential or electrical gradient.
True or False |
False
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The Na+/K+ pump is an important example of what type of transporter?
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Primary active transport
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The actions of aspirin do NOT affect:
a. production of prostaglandins and thromboxanes b. COX 1 and 2 c. pain and inflammation d. formation of clots e. aquaporins |
e. Aquaporins
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Glycogen _________.
a. helps to protect vital organs from damage b. is an important storage polysaccharide found in animal tissues c. serves as a structural component of ribosomes d. contains the genetic information found in e. forms the regulatory molecules known as enzymes |
b. is an important storage polysaccharide found in animal tissues
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The chemical driving force acting on molecules is also known as the concentration gradient.
True or False |
False
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The osmolality of the extracellular fluid is about twice that of the intracellular fluid.
True or False |
False
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During transcription, ________.
a. DNA is synthesized from DNA in the nucleus b. RNA is synthesized from DNA in the cytoplasm c. protein is synthesized from RNA in the nucleus d. protein is synthesized from RNA in the cytoplasm e. RNA is synthesized from DNA in the nucleus |
b. RNA is synthesized from DNA in the cytoplasm
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Facilitated diffusion requires energy and moves molecules against their concentration gradient
True or false |
False
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When solute is actively transported across epithelium, what usually follows?
a. Passive transport of solute in the same direction b. Active transport of the solute in the opposite direction c. Water movement in the opposite direction d. Passive transport of the solute in the opposite direction e. Water movement in the same direction |
e. Water movement in the same direction
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Human erythrocytes only metabolize glucose via glycolysis to produce lactate and ATP.
True or False |
True
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Which act(s) as the precursor to steroid molecules, many of which function as hormones?
b. Cholesterol c. Phospholipids d. Glycogen e. triglycerides |
b. Cholesterol
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Gluconeogenesis refers to synthesis ________of and occurs in ___________.
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glucose, liver
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A molecule that contains both polar and nonpolar regions is called:
a. hypertonic b. hydrophobic c. ism-osmotic d. amphipathic e. hydrophilic |
d. amphipathic
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Which of the following is an example of tertiary protein structure?
b. Sequence of amino acids c. Micelle d. Hydrogen bonding between amino acids e. A beta-pleated sheet and alpha helix interacting |
A beta-pleated sheet and alpha helix interacting
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What carotid structures detect changes in blood pressure?
a. Desmosomes b. Precapillary sphincters c. Gap junctions d. Baroreceptors e. Helicases |
d. Baroreceptors
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Cyclic AMP is a key building block for DNA
True or False |
False
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Lysosomes package molecules into vesicles and direct them to their appropriate intracellular locations
T or F |
False
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A voltage across the cell membrane
a. concentration gradient b. electrical driving force c. membrane potential d. electrochemical driving force e. equilibrium potential |
c. membrane potential
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Adipocytes are
a. nervous cells b. muscle cells c. epithelial cells d. connective tissue cells e. endothelial cells |
d. CT cells
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Which of the following cells would have a greater electrical attraction for sodium ions to enter the cell?
a. +50 mV b. -90 mV c. 0 mV d. -70 mV e. -20 mV |
b. -90 mV
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It is easy for gases to pass directly through the cell membrane.
T or F |
True
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Disruption of homeostasis is the basis for disease and death.
T or F |
True
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Which of the following does NOT occur in mitochondria
a. consumption of oxygen b. oxidative phosphorylation c. conversion of pyruvate to lactate d. production of carbon dioxide e. Kreb's cycle |
c. conversion of pyruvate to lactate
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Which is NOT a function of nucleotides
a. second messengers b. expression of genetic code c. provide energy for cellular processes d. structural elements of microtubules e. store genetic code |
d. structural elements of microtubules
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Daily fluid flow into the gastrointestinal system?
a. 50 L b. 9 L c. 24 L d. 1 L e. 3 L |
b. 9 L
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Which is Not a function of the cytoskeleton
a. mechanical support b. suspension of organelles c. cellular movement d. cellular contraction e. cellular metabolism |
e. cellular metabolism
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