Physio Ch.7 Nervous System

Front 1

Sensory input

Back 1

Where the gathered information is received

Front 2

Integration

Back 2

The process and interpretation of the information received from the sensory input. Decides what should be done

Front 3

Motor Output

Back 3

The response that the brain – spinal cord interprets to do

Front 4

Central Nervous System - Consists of what? Function?

Back 4

consists of the brain and spinal cord – dorsal body cavity. It acts as the integrating command centers in the nervous system.

Front 5

Peripheral Nervous System Consits of what? Function?

Back 5

The part of the nervous system outside the CNS – Nerves that extend from the brain and spinal cord. Communication lines

Front 6

The Spinal Nerves - How many? Names

Back 6

8 Cervical C1 -C8
12 Thoracic T1-T12
5 Lumbar L1-L5
5 Sacral S1-S5
1 Coccygeal

Front 7

Sensory Reception (Afferent) - Consists of what

Back 7

Consists of nerve fibers that convey impulses to the central nervous system from sensory receptors. Sensory Fibers deliver the impulses from the skin, skeletal muslces, and joints – somatic

Front 8

Motor Nerves (efferent)

Back 8

Carries impulses from the CNS to effector organs the muscles and glands.

Front 9

Motor Nerves in two subdivisions

Back 9

Somatic (Voluntary)
Autonomic ( involuntary)

Front 10

Autonomic - 2 Parts Sympathic and Parasympathic

Back 10

Has two parts the sympathic and parasympathic which bring opposite effects. What one stimulates the other inhibits.

Front 11

Neuroglial cells

Back 11

The supporting cells in the CNS that are “lumped together” – Nerve glue

Front 12

Astrocytes

Back 12

Form a living barrier between neurons and capillaries in the CNS. Help protect the neurons from harmful substances that might be in the blood and control the chemical environment in the brain by picking up excess ions and recapturing release neurotransmitters

Front 13

Microglial

Back 13

Spidelike phagocytes that dispose debris- ependymal cells

Front 14

Oligodendrocytes

Back 14

form myelin sheaths around nerve fibers in the CNS

Front 15

Schwann Cells

Back 15

form the myelin sheaths around nerve fibers that are found in the PNs

Front 16

Satellite cells

Back 16

Are the cushion and act as protective

Front 17

Connection between Oligodendryte , Myelin, Satellite Cells, Schwaan

Back 17

Oligodendryte form the myelin sheath Schwaan cells Myelin sheaths around he nerve fibers in the PNS  Satellite Cells are protective

Front 18

Nodes of Ranvier

Back 18

the indentation and gaps that the myelin sheath is formed by many individual Schwaan

Front 19

Saltatory Conduction - Action Potential

Back 19

Action potentials traveling down the axon "jump" from node to node. This is called saltatory conduction which means "to leap." Saltatory conduction is a faster way to travel down an axon than traveling in an axon without myelin.

Front 20

Reflexes

Back 20

Are rapid involuntary responses to stimuli

Front 21

Autonomic Reflexes

Back 21

Regulate the activity of smooth muscles, the heart and glands

Front 22

Somatic Reflexes include all reflexes that

Back 22

stimulate the skeletal muscle

Front 23

Neurons have two major functional properties

Back 23

irritability the ability to respond to a stimulus and convert it into a nerve impulse and conductivity the ability to transmit the impulse to other neurons muscles and glands.

Front 24

Polarized

Back 24

the there are fewer postivie ions sutting on the inner face of the neuron’s plasma membrane

Front 25

Repolarization

Back 25

Outflow of positive ions from the cell restores the electrical conditions at the membrane to polarized or resting state

Front 26

Depolarization

Back 26

Inward rush of sodium ions changes the polarity of the neurons membrane at the site

Front 27

Na+

Back 27

• Major positive ions outside the cell

Front 28

K+

Back 28

Major positive ions inside the cell

Front 29

Pump

Back 29

uses ATP to pump potassium ions back into it

Front 30

All or none response

Back 30

either conducted over the entire axon or it doesn’t happen at all

Front 31

Gyri

Back 31

the elevated ridges of tissue on the entire surface of the cerebral hemispheres

Front 32

Sulci

Back 32

shallow groves

Front 33

Fissures

Back 33

: Less numerous deeper grooves