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10 Cards in this Set
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- Back
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Briefly describe the difference between deductive and inductive reasoning. What is another name given to each? Give an example of each type of reasoning. Which is the one typically used in scientific method? |
Start with rules that assume are true; solve from that starts with general rules; use logic to come to a specific conclusion. Also known as "top-down" Ex) All dogs are mammals. Rover is a dog. Therefore, Rover is a mammal. Inductive: Using observation or evidence; figure rules must be. Also known as: "bottom-up" This past tense of "walk" is "walked" This type of reasoning used in scientific method. |
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In addition to the type of reasoning mentioned above, what other steps are typically done when using the scientific method? |
After coming up with possible rule/law (empirical) scientist develops specific hypothesis to test rule. An experiment (controlled observation) is die and hypothesis is rejected supported. Final Step: Share results with others in field. This allows others to conduct similar experiment or studies may support reject. |
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List eight major sub fields of physics. |
Mechanics Thermodynamics Electricity/Magnetism Optics Atomic Physics Nuclear Physics Particle Physics Condensed-Matter Physics. |
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What is the name of the book Newton wrote in which he explained his laws of motion? When was it written? |
Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy, 1687 |
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Give the definition of the word "rate". Which mathematical operation is usually implied by this word? |
Amount of something per something else implies division, |
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Give the formula which describes the relationship among speed, distance, and time. Based on this formula, how can we describe the relationship (direct or inverse) between speed and distance? Between speed and time? What is a more specific word for "inverse" with these types of formulas? |
S=D/T ( Avg. Speed) S=D (Direct) S=T (Inverse) |
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Rearrange the formula above to find distance if we already know speed and time. Now, rearrange it to find time if we already know speed and distance. |
D=S x T ; T= D/S |
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How is velocity different from speed? What do we call values such as velocity, acceleration and force when we use arrows to represent them? What does the length of such an arrow represent? |
Velocity= Speed + Direction, Vector quantities arrows to represent, length of arrow represents. magnitude of the vector. |
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Give the definition of acceleration. In order for something to accelerate, does that mean that the speed must change? Why/ Why Not? |
Acceleration is defined as rate as which velocity changes. |
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What symbol is often used to represent "change" or "difference" in a value? What is the name of this symbol? In the case of velocity, what mathematical operation is implied by this symbol? |
"Delta" really means the difference between two velocities so it implies subtraction. |
