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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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reactant
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a substance that undergoes a chemical change
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product
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a substance that is the result of a chemical change
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chemical energy
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energy stored within atoms and molecules that can be released when a substance reacts
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exothermic reaction
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a reaction that transfers energy from the reactants to the surroundings as heat
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endothermic reaction
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a reaction in which energy is transferred to the reactants as heat from the surroundings
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synthesis reaction
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2 substances form a new more complex compound
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decomposition reaction
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reaction breaking one compound into two other compounds
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electrolysis
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the decomposition of a compound by an electric current
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combustion reaction
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a compound and oxygen burn
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single-displacement reaction
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atoms of one element take te place of atoms of another element in a compound
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double- displacement
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a gas, solid precipitate, or a molecular compound is formed from the apparent exchange of ions between two compounds
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redox reaction
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electrons are transferred from one reactant to another
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radicals
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fragments of molecules that have atleast one electron available for bonding
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catalyst
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substance that changes the rate of chemical reactions without being consumed
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enzyme
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a protein that speeds up a specific biochemical reaction
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equilibrium
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chemical reaction and its reverse order occur at the same time and same rate
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suspension
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looks as one when mixed
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colloid
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small particles of pure substances that are put together but do not settle out of the substance
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emulsion
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immisicble liquids when liquids get spread throughout eachother
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solution
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homogeneous mixture two or more substances uniformly spread througout a single phase
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solute
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dissolves in a solution
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solvent
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dissolves a solute to make a solution
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concentration
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how much solute is dissolved
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unsaturated solution
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able to dissolve more solute
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saturated solutoin
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a solution that cant dissolve any more solute at the given conditions
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solubility
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the greatest amount of a solute that will dissolves in a given amount of solvent to produce a saturated solution
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supersaturated solution
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a solution holding more dissolved solute thn is specified by its solubility ar a given temp.
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molarity
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a concentration unit of a solution that express moles of solute dissolved per liter of solution.
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acid
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a substance that donates when dissolved in water.
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indicator
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a compound that can reversibly change color in a solution.
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base
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a substance that reacts with water to form hydroxie ions.
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pH
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a measure of the hydronium ion concentration in a solution.
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nuetralization reaction
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a reaction whwere hydronium ions form an acid and hydroxide ions form a base react to produce water molecules.
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soap, detergent, disinfectant, bleach, and an antacid are all ___??
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acids and bases
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