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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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absolute zero
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the temperature on the Kelvin scale at which an object would possess an absolute minimum of kinetic energy
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melting point
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the temperature at which a solid changes to a liquid
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chemical change
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a change that alters the identity of the material
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angstrom
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10(-10) meter; a hundred-millionth of a centimeter
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compressibility
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how much more the atoms of an object/substance can be packed together
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chemical property
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how matter will react and chnage in the presence of other kinds of matter
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freezing
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the phase change from liquid to solid
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crystalline solid
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a solid in which the particles are held in a fixed repeating pattern
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sublimation
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the phase change directly from solid to gas or from gas to solid
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physical property
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one that can be observed and measured without a change in the kind of matter being studied
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angstrom
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10(-8) meter; a hundred-millionth of a centimeter
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gas
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the state of matter in which the disruptive forces completely overcome the attractive forces, allowing particles unlimited movement
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evaporation
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the phase change from a liquid to a gas
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boiling
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the rapid phase change from liquid to gas
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plasma
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the state of matter in which particles travel at such tremendous speeds that they become electrically charged
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melting
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when a solid changes to a liquid
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condensation point
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the temperature at which a material changes from gas to liquid
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Brownian movement
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the constant random motion of particles in a liquid or a gas
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liquid
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the state of matter in which the attractive forces and the disruptive forces are balanced, allowing particles limited movement
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phases
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the physical states of matter; solid, liquid, gas
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particle model
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a model of matter in which all matter is made up of tiny particles in constant motion
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kinetic energy
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the energy of motion
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temperature
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the measure of the average kinetic energy in a material
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gas pressure
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force exerted on a unit of area by gas particles colliding with a surface
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boiling point
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the rapid phase change from liquid to gas
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viscosity
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the thickness of a fluid
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nanometer (nm)
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10 (-9) meters
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angstrom (A)
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10(-8) centimeters; or 10 (-10) meters; a hundred-millionth of a centimeter
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condensation
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the phase change from gas to liquid
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solid
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matter with a definite shape and definite volume
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gas
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have no definite shape nor volume; the state of matter in which the disruptive forces completely overcome the attractive forces, allowing particles unlimited movement
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amorphous solid
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a solid in which the particles are held in random placement
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angstrom (A)
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10(-8) meter; a hundred-millionth of a centimeter
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freezing point
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the temperature at which a liquid becomes a solid
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kelvin (K)
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the basic unit of temperature in the metric system
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Bose-Einstein condensate
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one particle (condensate) formed when particles of matter are super-cooled to temperatures near absolute zero
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atom
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the fundamental particle of an element
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diffusion
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the process of mixing by particle motion
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