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7 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Treatments for Phobias - CBT |
Ost and Westling - Longitudinal study comparing CBT and applied relaxation for pps with agoraphobia. Used qs and applied reaction to find out what caused panic then relax pps. CBT was used to generate alternate cognitions to negative physical responses e.g. heart racing does not = heart attack. Role played panicked situation but couldn't escape so knew faulty thoughts were inaccurate. A.R. = 65% after one session, 82% after a year. CBT was 74% to 89% |
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Treatments for Phobias |
Ost - Applied tension to treat fainting. Repeatedly contract muscles to increase cerebral blood flow. Ditto et al - 605 blood donors, 3 groups. A.T. group taught how to use technique using a vid. Placebo watched vid but were told not to use technique. Control not shown anything. A.T. group showed fewer phobic symptoms |
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Phobias - Psychodynamic |
Freud - Little Hans: 5 year old boy going through the Oedipus complex pf the Phallic stage. Scared of his father but displaced his fear onto horses (less threatening) |
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Phobias - Behavioral |
Watson and Raynor - Little Albert: Created a phobia of a white rat, was not initially scared but presented with a loud clanging to elicit a fear response. Became classically conditioned to fear the rat. Fear then generalised to other white fluffy things e.g. Rabbit or Santa |
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Phobias - Cognitive |
DiNardo et al - Only 50% of people with dog phobias had had a previous negative experience. The group with no phobia also had 50% bad experiences but phobia group over exaggerated potential of repeated experience. |
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Phobias - Biomedical/Genetic |
Pine (1999) Compared amygdala responsiveness in social phobics vs normal controls. Social phobics found to have more responsive amygdala suggesting they're more reactive to fear arousing stimuli. |
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Phobias - Biomedical/Genetic |
Cook and Mineka - Monkeys watched a video of another monkey being scared by a toy crocodile, flower, snake and rabbit. However, they only showed fear towards the crocodile and the snake, suggests fear is innate as they did not fear neutral objects. |
