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3 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Explanation of a phobia |
- All phobias are learned instead of being inherited . - Phobias are leaned through conditioning - The two process model suggested that phobias are learnt in two stages ( initiation and maintenance) |
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Two process model |
1st stage - initiation Classical conditioning assumes that Phobias are developed as a result of a paired association between a neutral stimulus and feared stimulus NS---> no response UCS---> UCR NS+ UCS----> UCR CS------>CR An example of this is little Albert ( baby and white rat) |
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Two process model part 2 |
2nd stage - maintenance Operant conditioning : Operant conditioning explains why individuals continue to have the phobia. Behaviour towards the phobic stimulus usually involves avoidance . The avoidance is repeated as it is rewarding since it reduces anxiety and fear . As a result, avoidance is a negative reinforcer because it removes something unpleasant |
