Phm Exam 1 Q's

Front 1

The affinity of a drug:

Back 1

Will be predictive of the (agonist) potency of the drug if it is established that the drug is a full agonist at those receptors

Front 2

a1 adrenoreceptor activation causes:

Back 2

Constriction of blood vessels in skeletal muscle.

Front 3

A drug which is used as an antihypertensive and is an antagonist at a1 adrenoreceptors:

Back 3

Prazosin (MINIPRESS)

Front 4

The effects of curare (TUBARINE) or gallamine (FLAXEDIL) would expected to be reversed by administration of:

Back 4

Physostigmine (ANTILIRIUM)

Front 5

A drug which is a pharmacological antagonist and which produces blockade of synaptic transmission at the skeletal neuromuscular junction:

Back 5

Gallamine (FLAXEDIL)

Front 6

Tacrine (COGNEX) is used in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Tacrine:

Back 6

Is a cholinesterase inhibitor

Front 7

Treatment of overdose of an organophosphate cholinesterase inhibitor would most likely include administration of:

Back 7

A B and C

A: Artificial ventilation (i.e. assisted respiration)

B: Atropine (ATREZA, SAL-TROPINE)

C: Pralidoxime (PROTOPAM)

Front 8

A drug which when administered intravenously does not enter the central nervous system rapidly, does not affect GI motility or pupillary diameter but does effectively block transmission between motor neurons and skeletal muscle although it is not a pharmacological antagonist:

Back 8

Succinylcholine (ANECTINE)

Front 9

You have constricted pupils and a low heart rate. From these symptoms you conclude that you have received an overdose of:

Back 9

Neostigmine (PROSTIGMIN)

Front 10

Drug A has a t1/2 value which is half the t1/2 value of Drug B. In comparing the use of these drugs, it is likely that Drug A:

Back 10

Will be given more frequently than Drug B (to achieve the same steady state plasma concentration)

Front 11

When two drugs, Drug A and Drug B, which are both substrates for the same drug-metabolizing enzyme, are present:

Back 11

The change of rate of metabolism of Drug B (compared to the rate of metabolism when only drug B is present) depends on the affinity of Drug B and of Drug A for the enzyme

Front 12

The liver enzyme Enzyme Z metabolizes drug A. If drug A is administered repeatedly, then the amount of Enzyme Z in the liver is increased. Consequently...

Back 12

The rate of metabolism of Drug B, metabolized by enzyme Y, will not change.

Front 13

Norepinephrine (LEVOPHED):

Back 13

Is the neurotransmitter at most postganglionic neuron- effector cell synapses in the sympathetic nervous system

Front 14

An extremely lipophobic drug is partially eliminated by excretion in the urine and partially by metabolism. Which of the following will produce an increase of concentration of free drug in the plasma?

Back 14

Displacement of drug from plasma protein (albumin) binding sites

Front 15

You have received an overdose of bethanechol (URECHOLINE) administered intravenously. Which of the following will not be a likely symptom of this overdose:

Back 15

Skeletal muscle weakness

Front 16

A drug which is a cholinomimetic and is used clinically but is not a choline ester:

Back 16

Pilocarpine (SALAGEN)

Front 17

Propanolol (INDERAL) does not antagonize:

Back 17

Dopamine induced vasodilation of vessels in skin and mesentery

Front 18

A drug which has high affinity for nicotinic receptors not muscaniric receptors and is an antagonist not an agonist.

Back 18

Curare (tubocurarine, TUBARINE)

Front 19

Renin secretion from the kidney:

Back 19

Increases total peripheral resistance due to angiotensin II induced vasoconstriction

Front 20

Signs of overdose with a cholinesterase inhibitor include:

Back 20

B and C

B: Skeletal muscle weakness

C: Miosis

Front 21

Propanolol (INDERAL) is a b1 and b2 adrenoreceptor antagonist and atenolol (TENORMIN) is a selective b1 adrenoreceptor antagonist. Assuming ongoing sympathetic nerve activity, which of the following effects will be produced by propanolol but not by atenolol?

Back 21

A and C

A: Constriction of coronary blood vessels

C: Constriction of the bronchioles

Front 22

Activation of b1 adrenoreceptors in the kidney:

Back 22

Produces a slow increase in blood pressure produced by an increase of blood volume

Front 23

The bioavailability of a drug administered orally (and swallowed) is 0.05. Given this information, you conclude that for an orally administered dose of this drug:

Back 23

Most of an orally administered dose of this drug is not absorbed into the blood

Front 24

For a drug which is eliminated following zero order kinetics:

Back 24

The rate of elimination is independent of the plasma concentration of the drug

Front 25

Trimethaphan (ARFONAD):

Back 25

A and C

A: Is used to induce hypotension during surgery

C: Is used to treat hypertensive crisis

Front 26

The effects of a therapeutic dose of atropine (ATREZA, SAL-TROPINE) include:

Back 26

High heart rate

Front 27

Activation of b1 adrenoreceptors in the heart:

Back 27

Causes an increased contraction of ventricular muscle.

Front 28

An undesired effect of propanolol (INDERAL) being used in the treatment of hypertension is:

Back 28

A andC

A: Coronary artery constriction

C: Bronchiole constriction

Front 29

The Standard Safety Margin is calculated from the determined value of:

Back 29

The ED99 of the drug

Front 30

Expected effects of an overdose with a cholinesterase inhibitor include:

Back 30

A and C

A: Decreased heart rate

C: Urinary and fecal incontinence

Front 31

A drug which has a high affinity for b2 adrenoreceptors but not for alpha adrenoreceptors or b1 adrenoreceptors:

Back 31

Terbutaline (BRETHINE)

Front 32

Two compartments filled with aqueous (water based) solution are separated by a lipid membrane. In one compartment, the pH is 6; in the other compartment, the pH is 7. A weak acid drug, pKa 5, is added to one compartment and sufficient time is allowed for equilibrium to be achieved. At equilibrium:

Back 32

The concentration of ionized form of the drug is greater in the more basic compartment

Front 33

a1 adrenoreceptor:

Back 33

Activation causes vasoconstriction

Front 34

To reduce the tachycardia characteristic of paroxysmal atrial tachycardia, which of the following drugs would bring your heart rate back to "normal" through its actions inside of the heart:

Back 34

A and C

A: Atenolol (TENORMIN)

C: Propranolol (INDERAL)

Front 35

A drug which has a high affinity for nicotinic receptors on neurons but not on skeletal muscle fibers and is a pharmacological antagonist not an agonist:

Back 35

Trimethaphan (ARFONAD)

Front 36

Tropicamide (MYDRIACYL):

Back 36

Is used as a mydriatic

Front 37

You are given the same oral dose of a drug every 24 hours. By the sixth day, the drug seems to have a reduced effectiveness (compared to its effect on the first couple of days). This reduced effectiveness could be the result of:

Back 37

Increased rate of elimination

Front 38

In consideration of production of a particular therapeutic effect. Drug X, Drug Y, and Drug Z are effective. For this therapeutic effect, the ED50 of Drug X is 0.01mg, the ED50 of drug Y is 1mg, and the ED50 of Drug Z is 100mg. Based on this information, you can conclude that:

Back 38

Drug X is the most potent of the three drugs in terms of producing this therapeutic effect.

Front 39

Muscaniric receptor antagonists produce:

Back 39

None of the above

Front 40

An administered drug that activates receptors and initiates a series of cellular reactions that results in a maximal (100%) response by the cell/tissue/organ is:

Back 40

A full agonist

Front 41

If the volume of distribution of a drug is calculated to be greater than body volume, then one should conclude that:

Back 41

The drug is sequestered to cells of a single organ or to a specific organelle within cells.

Front 42

The mean plasma concentration of a drug repeatedly administered at the same dose with a constant interval between each consecutive dose:

Back 42

Will likely depend on the size (volume) of the individual to whom the drug is administered

Front 43

Pilocarpine (SALAGEN) is administered topically to the eye to treat glaucoma because systematically administered pilocarpine would have the undesired side effect of:

Back 43

Decreased heart rate

Front 44

The duration of action of a drug given in a single dose (assuming the drug must enter the blood to have action):

Back 44

Is dependent on the rate of absorption of the drug

Front 45

Neostigmine (PROSTIGMIN) is preferred over physostigmine (ANTILIRIUM) for the treatment of myasthenia gravis because:

Back 45

Neostigmine is a charged molecule and therefore enters the brain very slowly (compared to physostigmine)

Front 46

The half-life of drug X, eliminated according to first order kinetics, is 2 hours 30 minutes. Drug X is administered by intravenous injection. After injection, at a time designated 0 minute, the concentration of drug X was 500 mg/ml. After 7 hours 30 minutes, the concentration of drug X will be:

Back 46

62.5 mg/ml

Front 47

The therapeutic threshold concentration (aka minimal effective concentration) of a drug:

Back 47

Is independent of the rate of absorption of the drug