Philosophy Of Human Person Intro

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Philos

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Love

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Sophia

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Wisdom

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Philosophy

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Applied to science discipline which uses reason to investigate ultimate causes and reasons

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Pythagoras

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Invented the word "Philosophy"

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3 Classes of People

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Lovers of Gain

Lovers of Honor

Lovers of Knowledge/Wisdom

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Lovers of Gain

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Merchants who sell things in the Olympics

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Lovers of Honor

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Person who competes in the Olympics

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Lovers of Knowledge/Wisdom

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Best kind, person who seeks to arrive at the truth

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2000 BC

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When did Philosophy start in Asia

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6th Century BC

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When did Philosophy start in Greece (west)

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Humanity

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by nature is inquisitive, the ability to ask question is inherent, and the growth of Philosophy is made possible by our unceasing investigations and discussions.

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asking

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the act of ___ is the person's way of making sense of all the things around them that they cannot understand

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schools ofthought

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(a set of ideas or opinions that a GROUP of people share abouta matter, Cambridge Dictionary)

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Belief Systems

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(a set of principles ortenets which TOGETHER FORM the basis of a religion, philosophy, or moralcode, Oxford Languages)

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Western Philosophy

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1. uncovering the truththrough SYSTEMATIC argumentation and theory.

2. REASON RATHER THAN FAITH

3. more focused on man as an INDIVIDUAL

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Love for Learning

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Most notable characteristic of ancient Greek Civilization, especially Athens

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Sophists

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1. Travelling teachers who taught people who wanted to learn

2. Excellent public speakers

3. Trained students to win

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Philosophos

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Teaching and learningshould be an opportunity to learn the truth of ALL THINGS in this world, and all real wisdom should strive to achieve truth ASIDE FROM KNOWLEDGE; anti-sophists, "Lovers of Wisdom"

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Pythagoras

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1. Mathematician and Scientist

2. A2 + B2 = C2

3. established community of learners devoted to studying religion and philosophy

4. Coined the term "Philosophy"

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Heraclitus

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1. everything's existence is based on a higher order or plan (LOGOS)

2. CHANGE is permanent aspect of human condition

3. “No man ever steps on the same rivertwice.”

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Democritus

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1. devoted himself to studying the causes of NATURAL PHENOMENA

2. "atomos" = atoms

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Diogenes of Sinope

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1. Advocate of SIMPLE and VIRTUOUS life

2. Critic of Plato & Aristotle

3. influenced CYNICISM & STOICISM

4. One should also show virtue rather than only talking about it (took simplicity too far)

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Epicureanism

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a school of philosophywhich believes that WISDOM & SIMPLE living will result toa life free from FEAR & PAIN

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Socrates

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1. top g of ancient philosophy

2. contributed mostly in ethics

3. critic but not "wise"

4. "midwife" to help others achieve wisdom

5. Philosophy helps men live life of virtue

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Socratic Method

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ameans of examining a topic by devising a SERIES of questions that let thelearner examine and analyze his knowledge and views regarding the topic.

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Plato

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1. Student of Socrates, incorporated his own ideas

2. FOUNDATION OF WEST. PHILOSOPHY

3. Theory of Forms

4. Dialectic

5. Invented Academy

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Theory of Forms

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everything that exists is based on anidea or template that can only be perceived in the MIND ;these nonphysical ideas are eternal and unchanging.

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Dialectic

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a method of inquiry where TWO opposing ideas are discussed in an attempt to arriveat new knowledge.

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Academy

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institution of higherlearning which was the first of its kind in the West.

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Lyceum

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a school that studies nature

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Deductive Reasoning

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the process by which specificstatements are analyzed to reach a conclusion orgeneralization.

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Aristotle

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1. PhD in Plato's academy but rejected theory of forms

2. ideas and views arebased on PERCEPTION and our reality is based onwhat we can sense and perceive.

3. Influenced physical sciences

4. classified animals, deductive reasoning, lyceum

5. Deductive reasoning

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Archimedes

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1. renowned for practical aspects of his philosophy

2. foundation of Modern Calculus

3. Use of Math to understand natural phenomena

4. Inventions: Archimedes screw, a devise for raising water, and amethod for determining volume using displacement.

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framework

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is a WAY OF THINKING about the world composed of the views and beliefs of a person.

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internal questions

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Questions dealing with our OWN correctness and values are considered – ______ which can be addressed using our own personal framework.

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External Framework

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it seeks to question the very FRAMEWORK upon which we based our own beliefs and views.

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Philosophy as a Discipline

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Philosophy itself is a distinct AREA OF KNOWLEDGE with its own goals, concerns, and ways of doing things. Divided into several branches, it deals with a particular aspect of life or phenomena.

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Aesthetics

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that studies beauty and what makes things “beautiful.”

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Logic

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that deals with correct reasoning.

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Epistemology

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deals with the nature of knowledge and knowing

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Political Philosophy

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deals with government and questions of justice, power, and the rights and obligations of citizens;

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Ethics

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deals with moral questions and dilemmas;

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Metaphysics

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deals with questions regarding reality and existence; and

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Philosophy of Human Person

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studies the nature of man