Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Marx |
He applied Hegel's philosophy to an analysis of human capital and economics |
|
|
St. Augustine |
He converted from roman paganism to Christianity, becoming one of the founders of the church. Philosophically, he helped establish Christianity by reformulating it as a Platonist religion. |
|
|
Spinoza |
He argued that it was impossible for there "to be" anything but one substance. This oneness is god. Separateness-you and I being distinct individuals-is an illusion. We are all god. |
|
|
Socrates |
He employed a method of asking question after question to demonstrate, firstly, that what most people think they superficially know, in fact, are quite ignorant of; and, secondly, to help us understand that real "Truth" is actually inside each of us, if only we are willing to introspectively dig. |
|
|
Kant |
He argued that our experience is determined by the necessary structure of our minds. He was attempting to solve the paradoxical problems that the empiricism of Locke, Berkeley, and Hume seemed to imply. His(Kantian) Ethics: Treat others as ends-in-themselves and never as means only. |
|
|
St. Thomas |
He attempted to assimilate faith and reason by integrating Aristotelian philosophy into Christianity. He popularized the theological argument of the "unmoved mover" |
|
|
Nietzsche |
He was thrilled at the prospect of establishing ethics as a subjective experiment, beyond good and evil. In this sense, it was both terrifying and exciting that "God is Dead" |
|
|
Plato |
He argued that this world is a mere copy, a mere appearance, of real reality. Philosophy is our only way of coming to understand real reality. He uses the allegory of the cave to demonstrate this. |
|
|
Berkeley |
He argued that for anything to exist it must be perceived. Absent an observer, not only does a tree falling in the forest not make a noise, it doesn't exist. |
|
|
Mill |
Decrease suffering and increase well-being. Argued women should have equal moral standing as men. |
|
|
Locke |
Everyone is a blank slate |
|
|
Descartes |
He doubted everything for the purpose of finding an indubitable foundation for knowledge. This founding premise, he concluded "I think therefore I am" |
|
|
Hume |
He was a skeptic |
|
|
Aristotle |
He argued that to discover truth we, at times, need to actually explore our world and make observations. He also developed a formal logic, which is yet used today. One of his most famous metaphysical arguments is the "unmoved mover" |
|
|
Epicurus |
He conjectured that if happiness is the primary goal of life, we should thus analytically break down the concept of happiness. Only then we can best know how to systematically achieve it. |
|
|
Leibniz |
He argued because separate substances cannot interact, as they would hence cease being apart as they would relate, the world is thus made up of an infinite amount of monads. |
|
|
Seneca |
He was a stoic, arguing we can only control our reaction to events and happenings in our life and not the events themselves. |
|
|
Hegel |
He believed in the "spirit of the times," that a story of history was unfolding, through ups and downs, leading up to progress. |
|
|
Kierkgaard |
His faith in Christianity was only strengthened by the absurdity of Christianity. He believed the subjective reality of struggling with god is more important than any objective fact or argument |
