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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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impartiality |
treat equals equally |
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universalizability |
same principles need to apply in different situations |
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instrumental value |
It is good because it provides the means for acquiring something else of value. Ex: having a million dollars because it is good cause it can give you happiness, but not good in itself. |
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intrinsic value |
It is good "in and of itself" i.e., not merely as a means for acquiring something else. Ex: happiness is good in and of itself and not because it gives you something else. |
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imperative |
command |
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hypothetical imperative |
what we should do if we have certain desires. ex: need money, work for it. want OJ, ask for it. -should obey only if we want the outcome |
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categorical imperative |
we should do something in all situations regardless of needs/wants. ex: don't steal. don't commit suicide. -universal and conditional and not contingent on humans wants/desires -moral laws consist entirely of categorical imperatives |
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subjective relativism |
view that an action is morally right if one approves of it. -implies no one can make an error of judgment -can't disagree cuz both beliefs are true to them |
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cultural relativism |
view that an action is right if one's culture approves of it. |
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moral objectivism |
doctrine that some moral norms/principles are valid for everyone. However, these objective principles are not absolutist. |
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moral absolutism |
view where objective principles are rigid with no exceptions and must be applied exactly the same way in every situation and culture. |
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Premise |
Supporting statement of argument -must be true -must be logical to support conclusion To find if moral statement is true, you can check out diff. theories or use counterexamples (to prove opponent false and strengthen own argument) To find if nonmoral statements are true, do research. |
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critical reasoning |
careful, systematic evaluation of statements which includes the evaluation of logical arguments (use this to decide if statement is true). -when talking about moral argument: trying to appeal to your own thinking (reliable) |
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persuasion |
trying to appeal to heart/emotions. (not reliable) |
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Premise: indicator words |
given that, since, because, due to the fact that |
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Conclusion: indicator words |
therefore, consequently, as a result, thus, it must be that |
