Pharmacology.block 2 Respiratory/maternal/cam

Front 1

The mechanism of chromones may given them good effectiveness as _

Back 1

prophylaxis for exercise induced asthma

Front 2

Leukotriene receptor antagonist?

Back 2

zafirLUKAST

Front 3

LT synthesis inhibitor? (lipooxygenase inhibitor)

Back 3

Zileuton

Front 4

What should you look out for regarding your patients that are taking zileuton?

Back 4

Elevated Liver Enzymes (monitor every 3 months)

Front 5

What asthma medication decreases warfarin and theophyllin clearance?

Back 5

Zileuton

Front 6

What are the most common side effects from inhaled beta2 agonists?

Back 6

tachycardia, tremors, palpitations, anxiety

Front 7

What is a common side effect of inhaled corticosteroids (such as fluticasone, budesonide, triamcinolone)?

Back 7

Oral candidiasis

Front 8

Used to control severe allergic asthmatic attacks that do not respond to ICS

Back 8

Omalizumab (anti IgE, administered subQ every 2-4 weeks)

Front 9

What process is greatly reduced in neonates, which is responsible for causing grey baby syndrome?

Back 9

glucuronidation (Chloramphenicol gets metabolized in this way, so in neonates, it can't be broken down and causes grey baby syndrome)

Front 10

The greatest risk of pharmacologically induced harm to the fetus occuring during what days?

Back 10

18-60, organogenesis

Front 11

What is the one drug that men take that can cause teratogenicity of the fetus?

Back 11

Finasteride

Front 12

What is the DoC for treating maternal hypertension?

What is used for emergent reduction in BP? In acute situations, that won't cause redlex tachycardia?

And what htn drugs are absolutely contraindicated in pregnancy?

Back 12

Methyldopa

Hydralazine,
Nifedipine

ACEIs and ARBs

Front 13

If your pregnant patient absolutely has to be on an antiseizure drug (even though all are CI in pregnancy), which one would you choose?

Back 13

Low Dose Phenoarbital

Front 14

What is the DoC for diabetes in pregnancy?

What drug class should be avoided in this situation?

Back 14

Purified human insulin

Oral hypoglycemic agents

Front 15

Your 24 week pregnant patient develops acute polynephritis. What does this come from and what is a major complication that you shouold be concerned with?What is the proper treatment?

Back 15

Untreated asymptomatic bacteriuria
can cause spontaneous abortion

Treat with cefazolin + gentamicin for 10-14 days

Front 16

What is given to pregnant mothers who are HIV positive that prevents transmission of the virus to the fetus?

Back 16

ZDV.

Start giving in the 2nd trimester, and all the way through the 3rd

Front 17

What should be given instead of Aspirin to pregnant women?

Back 17

Acetominophen

Front 18

What should be given instead of amiodarone to pregnant women? Why is it contraindicated?

Back 18

Digoxin

causes cardiac arrhythmias and growth restriction

Front 19

What should be given instead of Trimethoprim to pregnant women? Why is it contraindicated?

Back 19

Penicillin and cephalosporin

it is a folate inhibitor, causes cleft palate, and irreversible teeth staining

Front 20

_ can result in a neonatal syndrome that presents with craniofacial dysmorphology, nail hypoplasia, growth retardation, mental deficiency, and cardiac defects?

Back 20

Phenytoin

Front 21

Most drugs, except _ and _ transfer into the breast milk via passive diffusion

Back 21

insulin and heparin

Front 22

When a newborn is exposed to tetracycline (through breast milk), what are the effects?

Back 22

tooth staining, tooth enamel dysplasia

Front 23

What TB drug should be avoided during pregnancy and breast feeding?

Back 23

Isoniazid - causes pyridozine deficiency in the newborn

Front 24

Asymptomatic Bacteriuria, which occurs in 20% of pregnancies, is treated with _

Back 24

cephalexin for 7-10 day

Front 25

What drugs are known to cause hydantoin syndrome if given during pregnancy? (this is cranial fascial dysplasia, nail hypoplasia, growth retardation)

Back 25

Anticonvulsants

Valproic Acid and Phenytoin

Front 26

Both the parent drug and the metabolite are known to cause hepatic dysfunction, pancreatitis, and in pregnancy, severe fetal deformities

Back 26

Valproic Acid (anticonvulsant)

Front 27

What class of drugs are known to cause neonatal renal failure if given during pregnancy?

Back 27

ACE inhibitors

Front 28

What drug (if given especially during weeks 6-9 of pregnancy) can cause nasal hypoplasia, CNS damage and Hearing loss of the neonate?

Back 28

Warfarin

---give heparin instead

Front 29

What drug if taken during pregnancy, is easily detected in fetal meconium and it actually changes the color of it

Back 29

Alcohol

EtOH is metabolized by synthetase into FAEEs which are highly detected in the meconium

Front 30

CAM used for CHF

Where does it come from?

Back 30

Digitalis

Foxglove leaves/ Digitalis and digoxin

Front 31

CAM used for Leukemia

Where does it come from?

Back 31

Vinca

Madagascar Periwinkle

Front 32

CAM used for Migraines, reduce BP, CHF

Back 32

Coenzyme Q 10

Front 33

CAM used for alzheimers, vascular dementia, peripheral claudication, tinnitus

Back 33

Ginkgo Biloba

Front 34

CAM used for Symptomatic relief for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia*

Where does it come from?

Back 34

Saw Palmetto (Serenoa repens)

Fruit of the American dwarf palm tree / Phytosterols, glycerides are active ingredients

Front 35

Fruit of the American dwarf palm tree / Phytosterols, glycerides are active ingredients

What is this and what does it treat?

What are s/e?

Back 35

Saw Palmetto

Symptomatic BPH

causes false (-) PSA levels, interferes with iron absorption

Front 36

What are the FDA approved CAMs?

Back 36

taxol

digitalis

vincristine/vinblastine

Front 37

Garlic is thought to

Back 37

reduce BP, reduce cholesterol

Front 38

Black Cohorsh is though to treat __

It can cause what side effects?

Back 38

Menopausal symptoms

Hepatotoxicity

Front 39

What CAM is CI with SSRI's, and is shown to induce P450 system?

Back 39

St John's Wart

Front 40

The CAM that is derived from foxglove leaves exhibits it's effect in what MOA?

Back 40

Inhibition of Na/K ATPase

This is talking about digitalis

Front 41

What CAM Binds tubulin monomers of microtubule inhibiting polymerization and thus mitosis?

Back 41

Vinca - it is FDA approved used to treat Leukemia

VIncristine is the only anticancer drug that does not cause myelosuppression (bone marrow)

Front 42

What CAM inhibits 5 alpha reductase? What is it used for?

Back 42

Saw Palmetto

Used for sx relief of BPH

Front 43

You should discontinue this CAM 5 days prior to surgery

Back 43

Gingko Biloba

it is anti inflammatory, and inhibits platelet aggregation

Front 44

CAM Used for alzheimers, vascular dementia, peripheral claudication, tinnitus

Back 44

GIngko Biloba

Front 45

4) The beneficial effects of Montelukast (Singulair®) in the treatment of asthma patients are due to its ability to

Back 45

b. block CysLT1 receptors.

Front 46

5) Which one of the following is primarily responsible for the physiological symptoms of bronchoconstriction, vasodilation and mucous secretion during the chronic stages of asthma attacks?

Back 46

b. Leukotrienes released from eosinophils

Front 47

In an asthma patient, which agent would be most effective at decreasing the TNFalpha and GM-CSF effects?

Back 47

c. Budesonide

Front 48

11) Which one of the following herbal products is likely to exacerbate Parkinson’s?

Back 48

b. Kava

Front 49

10) Which one of the following herbal agents possibly acts by inhibiting serotonin uptake?

Back 49

d. St. John’s Wort