Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What is penicillin?
|
Penicillin is a bacteriostatic/cidal
-it is active against gram+ bacteria resistance is growing |
|
|
What is penicillin is used to treat?
|
used to treat strep, pneumococcal pneumonia, endocarditis, meningites
|
|
|
What are the adverse effects of penicillin?
|
allergies, neorotoxicity, GI symptoms,
|
|
|
State penicillin drugs and their specific use.
|
Amoxicillin-prevent endocarditis, ear infection
Dicloxacillian-staph infections |
|
|
What are the nursing intervention of penicillin drugs?
|
-discontinue use of drug @ first sign of anaphylaxis
-use yogurt for diarrhea |
|
|
What is cephalosporin?
|
is a bacteriostatic/cidal
-inhibits cell wall synthesis -broas spectrum; gram- &+ |
|
|
What is cephalosporin used for?
|
given 3x for surgical prophylaxis, UTI, penicillin resistant gonorrhea of e-coli
|
|
|
Cephalosporin drugs
|
1st gen- no longer used
*Cefexoton 2nd gen-surgical prophylaxis *Ceftriaxone 3rd gen- gonorrhea *Cefepime 4th gen- strep and staph; gram- |
|
|
What is a carbapenems?
|
is a bacteriocidal
-inhibits synthesis of bacterial wall -broad spectrum |
|
|
Name a carbapenem drug?
|
Primaxin IV- drug of last resort for staph and e-coli
|
|
|
What is an aminoglycoside?
|
bacteriocidal
-inhibits protein synthesis |
|
|
Use of aminoglycoside?
|
serious gram- infections, active resistant TB
|
|
|
Adverse effects of aminoglycoside?
|
nephrotoxic and ototoxic
|
|
|
Name aminoglycoside drugs.
|
Streptomycin- IM for TB
Gentamycin- IM, IV for meningitis and endocarditis |
|
|
What is a tetracycline?
|
it is a broad spectrum bacteriostatic
-wide range of gram- &+ |
|
|
What is the use of tetracycline?
|
used for H. pylori, chlamydia, PID
used as substitute for those with penicillin allergy, syphillis, UTI |
|
|
What is the contraindication for use of tetracycline?
|
contraindicated w/ renal failure, those under 8 b/c harmful to bone, avoid the sun
|
|
|
What is the drug of tetracycline?
|
tetracycline hydrochloride (Achromycin)
|
|
|
Action, what it's used for and adverse effects of sulfonamides?
|
*action-inhibits bacteria
*use- treatment of UTI and topical burns *adverse effects- N&V&D, allergic rxn |
|
|
What are the drugs for UTI's?
|
Bactrim
Monurol Pyridium(not antibiotic, only decreases symptoms, causes red-orange urine) |
|
|
Drugs for topical burns?
|
Silvadene-ointment
-take old layer off before adding new one b/c can cause pseudomonas |
|
|
What is a macrolide?
|
in large dose a bacteriostatic
inhibits protein synthesis |
|
|
Use and adverse rxns and drugs of macrolide?
|
Use for staph and strep
adverse rxns-GI symptoms drug: E-mycin Zithromycin (first dose of 500mg, then 4 days of 250mg, last day 1000mg) |
|
|
What is Vancomycin and what does it treat?
|
antibiotic drug that is active against gram+
-inhibits cell wall synthesis treat- MRSA methicillin resistant staph; VRE -IV |
|
|
Drugs for TB?
|
long term treatment of 6-24 mths
-INH for laten tuberculosis infection (LTBI) &active -Ridafin for LTBI & active -Tebrazid for LTBI & active -Myambutol-active TB |
|
|
Antiviral drugs...
|
treatment of influenza A&B for those with symptoms of 2 DAYS OR LESS
-Relenza; may cause bronchospasm for those with asthma |
|
|
Treatment for herpes...
|
inhibits viral DNA replication
drug: Acyclovir treats:genital herpes |
|
|
Drugs for HIV/AIDS
|
Treatment:
2 NRTI(nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors) and a protease inhibitor -single drugs are never used -missing doses increases risk of resistance |
|
|
action, adverse effects and drugs of antifungals.
|
disrupts the bacterial cell membrane
adverse effects-fever, N&V Drugs -Fungizone for severe life threatning infections -Mycostatin for candidiasis of skin -Diflucan for yeast infection -Lotrimin used intravaginally -Lamisil for ring worm and toe nail |
|
|
antiparasitic organisms and drugs
|
organisms that survive on another
head lice, pin worms, itch mite Drugs: Nix for head lice Kwell for scabies Vermox- all worms |
|
|
Opthalmic
|
pertaining to the eyes
-systemic absorption can be decreased by closing eye and applying pressure to the nasolacrimal duct for 3-5 min -wait 5-10 min between drops |
|
|
Glaucoma
|
group of eye conditions that lead to damage to the optic nerve
-Timoptic; betablocker decreases production of aqueous humor -Pilocar; cholinergic increases outflow of aqueous humor -Alphagan; alpha2 adrenergic agonist decreases IOP |
|
|
Myadrisis
|
term for excessive dilation of the pupil
-Atropine Sulfate -Epinephrine |
|
|
Interferon
|
antineoplastic, inhibits viral replication by reprogramming virus
-prevents rapid growth of malignant cells |
|
|
What is Interferon used to treat?
|
hairy cell carcinoma, kaposi's sarcoma, chronic hepatitis
Medication; interferon alpha2a or 2b |
|
|
Adverse affects of interferon
|
flu like symptoms, depression, suicide
|
|
|
Nursing implication for interferons
|
read label
refrigerate DO NOT SHAKE PHOTOSENSITIVE |
|
|
purpose and name drug of immunosuppresants.
|
-antirejection agent interferes with production or fx of immune cells
Cyclosporine used for organ transplant |
|
|
adverse effects of immunisuppresant
|
tremors, headache, oral candida, and seizures
|
|
|
Nursing intervention for immunosuppresants
|
-monitor renal status
-use provided syringe -use glass container -stir into room temp apple juice |
|
|
Action of cytotoxic and antiproliferative agents
|
inhibits RNA, DNA, and purine synthesis
used for rheumatoid arthritis and renal xplant |
|
|
Drug and nursing intervention for cytotoxic and antoproliferative agents.
|
-Imuran
give with meals to decrease N&V assess pain avoid crowds |
|
|
Monoclonal antibody
|
used to treat rhematoid arthritis and Crohn's
*neutralizes activity of tumor necrosis factor alpha |
|
|
Monoclonal ab drug and nursing intervention
|
Remicade- administer immediately after reconstitution
DO NOT breastfeed |
|
|
uses of anti neoplastic agents and which area are they least helpful in
|
*Methotrexate in small doses is used for rheumatoid arthritis and psoriases
less effective for lung, colon, and prostate |
