Pharmacology Chapter1 Study Guide Questions

Front 1

Which drug form is most rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract?

Back 1

suspension

Front 2

Enteric-coated tablest are absorbed from the ______.

Back 2

intestine

Front 3

Usually food has what effect on drug dissolution and absorption?

Back 3

interferes with it.

Front 4

What is the sequence of the four processes of pharmacokinetics?

Back 4

absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion

Front 5

Drugs that pass rapidly through the GI membrane are
______ and _______?
lipid or water soluble?
ionized or deionized?

Back 5

water-soluble and ionized

Front 6

What are the most commonly factors that affect drug action?

Back 6

poor circulation, pain, stress, hunger, and fasting

Front 7

ET is taking a drug that is highly protein-bound. Several days later, ET takes a second drug that is 90% protein-bound. What happens to the first drug?

Back 7

More of the first drug is released from the protein and becomes more pharmacologically active

Front 8

The major site of drug metabolism is the ________.

Back 8

liver

Front 9

What is the route for drug absorption that has the greatest bioavailability?

Back 9

intravenous

Front 10

What is the serum half-life?

Back 10

the time required after absorption for half of the drug to be eliminated.

Front 11

Drugs with a half life of 24-30 hours would probably be adminisered on a dose schedule of ___________.

Back 11

once a day

Front 12

For elimination through the kidneys to be possible, a drug must be ______?

Back 12

water-soluble

Front 13

Mrs. T. has a renal disorder. Her creatinine clearance is 40 ml/min. Her drug dose should be _____________.

Back 13

decreased

Front 14

The biologic activity of a drug is determined by the _________.

Back 14

fit of the drug at he receptor site

Front 15

Drugs that prevent or inhibit a response are known as __________.

Back 15

antagonists

Front 16

A receptor located in different parts of the body may initate a variety of responses depending on its anatomic site. The receptor is __________.

Back 16

nonspecific

Front 17

The valid indicator that meaures the margin of safety of the drug is its _________.

Back 17

therapeutic index

Front 18

Drugs with narrow therapeutic ranges, such as digoxin (.5-2 mcg/ml), require plasma/serum drug level monitoring to avoid drug toxicity at what intervals?

Back 18

at periodic intervals

Front 19

After drug administration, the highest plasma/serum concntration of the drug at a specific time is called _________.

Back 19

peak level

Front 20

Before administration of a medication, the nuse should check a drug reference book or drug pamphlet to obtain what pertinent data?

Back 20

protein-binding effect
half-life
therapeutic range

Front 21

Physiologic effects not related to the desired effects that can be predictable or associated with the use of a drug are called _______.

Back 21

side effects

Front 22

Wen an immediate drug resonse is desired, a large initial doe is given to rapidly achieve an MEC in the plasma. This is called the _________.

Back 22

loading dose

Front 23

What are the three parameters of a time-response curve of a drug action?

Back 23

onset of action
peak action
duration of action

Front 24

A low protein level in the blood decreases the number of protein-binding sites and causes an increase in amount of free drug in the plasma potentially resulting in drug overdose. What are some examples of causes of low protein levels?

Back 24

malnutrition
elderly

Front 25

Are drugs absorbed faster in acidic or basic fluid?

Back 25

acidic

Front 26

The very young have an increased or decreased gasric acidity?

Back 26

decreased

Front 27

Dissolution of the drug

Back 27

pharmaceutic

Front 28

One-half of the drug concentration to be eliminated

Back 28

half-life

Front 29

effect of drug action because of hereditary influence

Back 29

pharmacogenetic

Front 30

Four processes of drug movement to achieve drug action

Back 30

pharmacokinetic

Front 31

Toxic effect are result of drug dose of therapy

Back 31

toxicity

Front 32

drug that blocks a response without a chemical structure

Back 32

antagonist

Front 33

drug bound to a protein

Back 33

protein-binding

Front 34

located on a cell membrane to enhance drug action

Back 34

receptors

Front 35

effect of drug actions on cells

Back 35

pharmacodynamic

Front 36

drug tolerance to repeated administration of a drug

Back 36

tachyphylaxis

Front 37

drug that produces a response

Back 37

agonist

Front 38

psychologic benefit from a compound

Back 38

placebo