Pharmacology -Antiviral And Antineoplastic

Front 1

antiviral therapy

Back 1

prevention is better than treatment
species specificity
toxic to host if systemic
primary use in vet med = topical
(herpes virus, opthalmic)

Front 2

mechanisms of action of antiviral drugs

Back 2

1. decrease entry of virus and/or affect uncoating
2,3. alter transcription/translation (most common mech.)
4. inhibit protease
5,6. interfere w/viral assembly, maturation, and/or release
7. improve host resistance

Front 3

nucleoside analogs as antiviral drugs

Back 3

serve as false substrates for DNA polymerase keeping virus from replicating
topical (opthalmic) for herpes virus
serious systemic infections

Front 4

goals of cancer therapy

Back 4

cure
remission
reduction (slow progression)
palliation

Front 5

factors contributing to realization of treatment goal

Back 5

diagnosis important
treatment modalities
client (compliance/cost)
patient (quality of life)
DVM (success/failure; safety
resistance

Front 6

cancer chemotherapy: major manifestations of toxicity

Back 6

marrow cells - immunosuppression, anemia
gi cells - nausea, vomiting, ulceration, diarrhea
kidney -nephrotoxicity
reproductive cells - loss of fxn
other effects - alopecia

Front 7

cancer chemotheraphy: mechanisms of resistance

Back 7

decreased uptake
increased clearance
increased efflux
inactivation
change in targer
increased repair of DNA damage

Front 8

agents that damage existing DNA

Back 8

nitrogen mustards
platinum compounds
DNA intercalating drugs (certain antibiotics)

Front 9

platinum compounds

Back 9

used to treat solid tumors
expensive
pulse dose - IV or intradermal
prehydrate to make sure platinum is diluted in kidneys

Front 10

fatal pulmonary toxicosis

Back 10

only cats get it
-cisplatin; maybe not carboplatin

Front 11

antimetabolites (DNA synthesis inhibitors)

Back 11

most are very specific for the S phase of cell cycle
act as false substrate- look like purine/pyrimidines
severe GI toxicity

Front 12

mitotic inhibitors

Back 12

act on M phase (bind tubulin)
from periwinkle plant
for hematopoietic cancers
pulse dose
stable in glass
excreted in bile

Front 13

kinase inhibitors

Back 13

considered targeted anticancer drugs
have a vet labeled drug:
tyrosine kinase inhibit
antiangiogenic
dose PO

Front 14

hormone/antihormone examples: cancer therapy

Back 14

usu. only palliative
goal is to change environment for tumor growth