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180 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Which drug inhibits platelet aggregation? |
Aspirin |
Metronidazole Amoxicillin Enalapril Aspirin |
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Which of the following drugs should be used with extreme caution in ruminants? |
Xylazine |
Xylazine Lidocaine Atropine Acepromazine |
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Which of the following is the reason that fluoroquinolones are usually avoided when treating young foals? |
Adverse effects on the articular cartilage |
Nephrotoxicity in young animals Ineffectiveness against the most common pathogens of foals Adverse effects on the articular cartilage Hepatotoxicity in foals Adverse effects on developing dental enamel |
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An owner brings a box of rat poison to your hospital and says her dog ingested it. You help the doctor induce vomiting. Which of the following would be an appropriate treatment for an animal that has ingested an anticoagulant rodenticide? |
Give vitamin K |
Give diazepam Give IV vodka Give atropine Give vitamin K |
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Which of the following drugs is NOT useful in the treatment of seizures? |
Butorphanol |
Butorphanol Potassium bromide Phenobarbital Diazepam Propofol |
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Which of these drugs should not be used in Greyhounds? |
Thiopental |
Morphine Ivermectin Propofol Thiopental |
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You are working at the specialty center and are observing an echocardiogram for the first time. The cardiologist prescribes the drug propanolol to a canine patient. What effect will this medication have on the heart? |
Slows the heart rate |
Increases contractility Stops ventricular premature contractions Slows the heart rate Increases the heart rate |
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Which medication should never be administered to a turtle? |
Ivermectin |
Ivermectin Ketoconazole Ampicillin Enrofloxacin |
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What is the main effect of Dopram (doxopram hydrochloride)? |
Stimulates respiration |
Stimulates respiration Stops seizures Induces emesis Slows heart rate |
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Which of the following drugs is an anticonvulsant? |
Phenobarbital |
Butorphanol Acepromazine Xylazine Phenobarbital |
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Which chemotherapy drug is contraindicated for use in cats? |
Cisplatin |
L-Aspariginase Prednisone Cisplatin Vincristine Doxorubicin |
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It is the beginning of the day and you are getting together the anesthetic and pre-anesthetic drugs for all of patients for the day. Which of the following drugs should not be drawn up into a disposable plastic syringe, labeled, and stored in a lockbox unless they are going to be used promptly? |
Diazepam and propofol |
Atropine and thiopental Medetomidine and ketamine Acepromazine and etomidate Diazepam and propofol |
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Which of the following medications should be used with caution in cats, as it could cause blindness in some cats? |
Enrofloxacin |
Metacam Clindamycin Amoxicillin Enrofloxacin |
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Which medication given for diarrhea can cause the stools to appear dark in color, like melena? |
Pepto Bismol |
Pepto Bismol Tylosin Metronidazole Forti-flora Sucralfate |
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A veterinarian hands you a prescriptions that reads: |
84 capsules (250 mg each) of cephalexin. Give 3 capsules by mouth twice daily for 14 days. |
42 capsules (250 mg each) of cephalexin. Give 3 capsules by mouth twice daily for 14 days. 42 capsules (75 mg each) of cephalexin. Give 3 capsules by mouth once daily for 14 days. 84 capsules (75 mg each) of cephalexin. Give 3 capsules by mouth twice daily for 14 days. 136 capsules (250 mg each) of cephalexin. Give 3 capsules by mouth three times daily for 14 days. 84 capsules (250 mg each) of cephalexin. Give 3 capsules by mouth twice daily for 14 days. |
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How many milligrams are in 100 ml of a 3% solution? |
3,000 mg |
3,000 mg 3 mg 30 mg 0.3 mg |
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A 5-week old cat received emergency surgery for a laceration. What antibiotic should NOT be used in this patient? |
Enrofloxacin |
Clindamycin Cefazolin Ticarcillin Enrofloxacin Amoxicillin |
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Pyrethrin (which is used to kill fleas) is derived or extracted from which of the following plants? |
Chrysanthemum |
Chrysanthemum Hibiscus Bougainvillea Stargazer lily |
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Which of the following drugs is considered an anti-emetic? |
Metoclopramide |
Methoxyflurane Methimazole Methocarbamol Metoclopramide |
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Diphenhydramine is typically used in treating which of the following conditions? |
Allergic reactions |
Urinary incontinence Urinary tract infections Allergic reactions Auto-immune conditions Keratoconjunctivitis sicca |
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A client has been giving her pet a "nutraceutical" she found that is supposed to help with her dog's arthritis. What are nutraceuticals? |
Phytochemicals |
Phytochemicals Vitamins Herbs Minerals |
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You are developing a template for the drug labels at your new hospital. Every prescription drug label should include the following statement: |
Caution: Federal law restricts this drug to use by the order of a licensed veterinarian |
For veterinary use only Stop this medication and contact your veterinarian should any adverse reactions occur Give as directed by your veterinarian Shake well for liquid medications Caution: Federal law restricts this drug to use by the order of a licensed veterinarian |
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Which antibiotic choice is NOT bactericidal? |
Doxycycline |
Gentamicin Baytril Doxycycline Cephalexin |
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A chihuahua is diagnosed with pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism. Which of the following medications may be used for treating Cushing's disease in this patient? |
Trilostane |
Prednisone DOCP Trilostane Pimobendan |
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Acepromazine concentration is 10 mg/mL. You are instructed to make a dilute acepromazine solution at 1 mg/mL. Which of the following could be used for how much acepromazine and how much sterile water are mixed to make this concentration? |
1 mL acepromazine and 9 mL sterile water |
1 mL acepromazine and 9 mL sterile water 10 mL acepromazine and 25 mL sterile water 0.1 mL acepromazine and 2.5 mL sterile water 9 mL acepromazine and 1 mL sterile water |
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If you have 25% mannitol and you wish to give 500 mg per kg to a 15 kg dog, how much should you give? |
30 mls |
300 mls 600 mls 3 mls 30 mls 60 mls |
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The attending veterinarian asks you to administer 120 mg of enrofloxacin (Baytril) IV slow over 20 minutes to a dog that is hospitalized in your clinic. The strength of injectable enrofloxacin is 2.27%, how many milliliters of drug will you administer? |
5.3 ml |
5.3 ml There is not enough information available to calculate the dosage 52.8 mls 0.53 mls |
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How many milliliters of dextrose should be added to a 60 ml syringe of 0.9% NaCl to make a 2.5% dextrose solution? The patient weighs 20 kg, and the dextrose in the hospital comes in a 50% concentration. |
3 ml |
0.6 ml 3 ml 1.5 ml 120 ml 6 ml |
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Which medication may help in a case of acute glaucoma? |
Mannitol |
Ketamine Chloramphenicol Mannitol Atropine |
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Which drug can be given as a tablet into the conjunctival sac in the eye to induce vomiting? |
Apomorphine |
Apomorphine Xylazine Morphine Hydrogen peroxide |
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Which of the following foods is considered toxic to parrots? |
Avocado |
Cheese Avocado Blueberries Chicken Habanero peppers |
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Which of the following antimicrobial medications should not be administered to young, growing animals? |
Enrofloxacin (Fluoroquinolones) |
Gentamicin (Aminoglycosides) Trimethoprim (Trimethoprim-sulfonamide combinations) Cefazolin (Cephalosporins) Enrofloxacin (Fluoroquinolones) Ampicillin (Penicillins) |
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What is the etiology of Clostridium botulinum, the toxin that causes botulism in cattle? |
Ingestion |
Direct contact Ingestion Contamination of deep puncture wounds Trauma |
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A 2-ounce bottle of Dermacool spray contains how many milliliters? |
60 mL |
60 mL 30 mL 15 mL 40 mL |
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How many milliliters of 50% dextrose should be added to a 100 ml solution of Lactated Ringer's Solution to make it 2.5%? |
5 ml |
10 ml 5 ml 1 ml 0.5 ml 50 ml |
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A patient is hospitalized with a resistant infection and is getting Amikacin injections and IV fluid therapy. Amikacin can cause kidney damage. What could you do to monitor for early renal side effects? |
Check a daily urine protein |
Check a daily urine protein. Monitor urine output Check the urine specific gravity twice daily. Renal ultrasound daily |
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A drug that is a cholinergic agent will have which of the following effects? |
Slow the heart rate. |
Slow the heart rate Cause central nervous system depression. Dilate the pupil Decrease intestinal motility. Decrease salivation. |
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A 2-year old male Golden Retriever has been brought to your facility in cardiac arrest. Obtaining intravenous access will be extremely difficult due to degloving injuries on all legs and additional trauma to the head and neck. What alternate route would be the first choice for atropine and epinephrine administration? |
Intratracheal |
Intracardiac Rectal Intramuscular Intratracheal Subcutaneous |
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Clomipramine (Clomicalm) is a veterinary approved drug used most commonly to treat which condition? |
Separation anxiety |
Separation anxiety Allergies Epilepsy Urinary incontinence |
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You need to perform a CBC and take thoracic radiographs on a somewhat fractious cat. You sedate the cat with an intramuscular injection of medetomidine. While on the X-ray table, you become concerned that the cat is not doing well, and the veterinarian asks you to reverse the effects of medetomidine. What should you give the cat? |
Atipamezole |
Flumazenil Atipamezole Atropine Naloxone Yohimbine |
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The veterinarian orders 3 mg/kg diphenhydramine IM for a 60-pound dog. The concentration is 50 mg/mL. How much should you give the dog? |
1.6 mL |
0.8 mL 3.2 mL 2.5 mL 1.2 mL 1.6 mL |
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How many liters of 50% dextrose should be added to 5 liters of 0.9% saline to make a 5% dextrose solution? |
0.5 L |
0.5 L 0.25 L 0.75 L 0.05 L |
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Why is a small amount of heparin frequently added to saline syringes that will be used for flushing catheters? |
To prevent blood clots from forming |
To prevent irritation caused by injection of saline. To prevent growth of bacteria in the saline. To prevent blood clots from forming. To prevent degradation of the sodium and chloride in saline. |
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An anthelmintic is used for treating which of the following? |
Intestinal parasites |
Fleas Mange Ticks Intestinal parasites |
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You find Otodectes cynotis in an ear swab you prepared for a kitten that has been scratching her ears and has dark coffee ground looking debris in them. What could be used to treat this? |
Ivermectin |
Clavamox Fluconazole Ivermectin Albon |
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What is the most common drug in most euthanasia solutions? |
Pentobarbital |
Thiopental Phenobarbital Propofol Pentobarbital |
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Which of the following can cause severe gastritis and should be used with extreme caution when inducing vomiting? |
Hydrogen peroxide |
Xylazine Hydrogen peroxide Hydromorphone Apomorphine |
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Frequently, the doctor will ask that a prescription for Cephalexin be filled. How many 500 mg capsules should be sent home for a dog receiving 22 mg/kg PO TID for 10 days? The dog weighs 50 lbs. |
30 |
60 30 45 15 |
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There is an enzyme in about 40% of rabbits that neutralizes a common drug. What drug is not used in rabbits because of this? |
Atropine |
Butorphanol Enrofloxicin Atropine Metoclopramide |
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What purpose is the administration of the drug Guaifenesin typically used for in horses? |
Muscle relaxation |
Muscle relaxation Expectorant Antimicrobial Intestinal Prokinetic Anti-inflammatory |
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You are asked to start a dog on maintenance fluids. The dog weighs 80 pounds. What fluid rate do you start on this dog? |
90 mL/hr |
45 mL/hr 25 mL/hr 150 mL/hr 90 mL/hr |
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Administration of which antimicrobial is MOST LIKELY to result in diarrhea in the adult horse? |
Erythromycin |
Ceftiofur Erythromycin Gentacin Enrofloxacin Penicillin |
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Which toxicity is not a common concern in cattle? |
Iron toxicity |
Salt toxicity Lead toxicity Aspergillus toxicosis Iron toxicity |
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Which medication is commonly given to patients with organophosphate toxicity? |
Atropine |
IV vodka Vitamin K Morphine Atropine |
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A client calls the clinic and says her 12 pound mixed breed dog was just stung by a bee and his face is starting to swell. You recommend she brings her pet in immediately, and the doctor recommends she give Benadryl 12.5 mg orally now before she leaves her house. The woman has some Benadryl liquid that is 12.5 mg per teaspoon. How many milliliters should she give her pet? |
5 mLs |
5 mLs 2.5 mLs 1.5 mLs 0.5 mLs |
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Activated charcoal would be used for which of the following? |
Snail bait ingestion |
Foreign body ingestion Snail bait ingestion Fluoroscopy Thermal skin burns |
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An owner called and said that her dog ate a pack of sugarless gum containing xylitol. You tell her to bring her dog in right away. Which of the following could this cause? |
Hypoglycemia |
Hypercalcemia Hypophosphatemia Hyperglycemia Hypoglycemia |
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A 2-year old domestic short hair cat presents for ingestion of the flowers seen in the picture below. The ingestion occurred about 2 hours ago and no clinical signs have been noted yet. What does the ingestion of this plant cause in cats? |
Renal failure |
Renal failure Hypoglycemia Seizures Muscle paralysis |
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A 4-kg puppy is in need of subcutaneous fluids due to dehydration. The doctor prescribed a dose of 20 ml/kg. How many milliliters should this patient receive? |
80 ml |
200 ml 80 ml 24 ml 5 ml |
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The doctor tells you that a medication is only to be given parenterally. A parenteral drug is given via which route? |
Intravenous |
Rectally Topically Orally Intravenous |
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A patient that is currently receiving 30 ml/hr of NaCl needs a medication added to the fluid bag. The clinician would like the patient to receive a total of 3 mg/kg/day of this medication. The medication comes in a 10 mg/ml solution. How many mL should be added to the bag if it is a 250 mL bag and the patient weighs 10kg? |
1 ml |
1 ml 6 ml 10 ml 12.5 ml 4 ml |
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What is the most frequently observed side effect associated with acepromazine use in geldings? |
Hypotension |
Hypotension Arrhythmias Seizures Paraphimosis |
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Which of these sedative/anesthetic drugs does not have an antagonist? |
Propofol |
Xylazine Diazepam Hydromorphone Medetomidine [ Correct answer ] |
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You should not give a phenothiazine tranquilizer to an animal with which disease? |
Epilepsy |
Glaucoma Epilepsy Diabetes Hypothyroidism Cushings |
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Which of the following best describes the therapeutic index of a drug? |
The ratio between the effective dose and the toxic dose |
The number of milligrams of a drug that is needed to be effective divided by 100. The range of microbial species that a drug is effective against. The ratio between the effective dose and the toxic dose. The ratio between the maximum effective dose and the minimum effective dose. The amount of variability in the response of a population to a drug. |
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Which medication has been associated with esophageal strictures in cats, therefore the liquid preparation is preferred? |
Doxycycline |
Doxycycline Sucralfate Amoxicillin Famotidine Metoclopramide |
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What is the "antidote" or treatment for Flagyl toxicity in animals? |
Valium |
Metoclopramide Phenobarbital Valium Sucralfate |
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A canine hospitalized following a TPLO surgery unexpectedly cardiac arrests. Endotracheal intubation and chest compressions have been initiated. What two drugs are usually administered FIRST during CPCR? |
Atropine and epinephrine |
Dextrose and intravenous fluids Dexamethasone sodium phosphate and methylprednisolone. Atropine and epinephrine Propofol and diazepam Mannitol and hypertonic saline |
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Which of the following drugs would be the most likely to cause a nephrotoxicity? |
Gentamicin |
Cephalexin Gentamicin Enrofloxacin Amoxicillin |
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You are instructed to give a medication which you are told is an antipyretic. What will this medication do? |
Reduce fever |
Provide sedation Prevent vomiting Reduce fever Reduce gastric acid |
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Which drug could be used to decrease intracranial pressure? |
Mannitol |
Ivermectin Phenobarbital Mitotane Mannitol |
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A dog or cat with a hypomotile intestinal tract might most benefit from which of the following medications? |
Metoclopramide |
Metronidazole Famotidine Omeprazole Metoclopramide |
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Quinidine is a medication used to treat which condition in horses? |
Atrial fibrillation |
Corneal ulceration Laminitis Atrial fibrillation Colic |
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Which of the following drugs is considered an alpha-2 agonist? |
Dexmedetomidine |
Dexmedetomidine Yohimbine Atipamezole Atropine |
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Which of the following drugs is commonly given by intravenous injection to humanely euthanize small animals? |
Pentobarbital |
Phenobarbital Pentobarbital Digoxin Cyanide Ketamine |
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A 12-year old domestic short hair presents for difficulty defecating. This has become a chronic problem. You perform radiographs and the veterinarian diagnoses megacolon. The cat is de-obstipated and given IV fluids for the day. The cat is currently taking lactulose to help soften the stools. What other medication could be given to help the cat empty his colon? |
Cisapride |
Sucralfate Metoclopramide Cisapride Metronidazole |
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Which drug treats hypothyroidism? |
Levothyroxine |
Levofloxacin Methimazole Levothyroxine Theophylline |
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Potassium citrate is most often given to dogs for which of the following reasons? |
Prevent bladder stones |
Prevent bladder stones Immune function Boost energy level Arthritis pain |
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Which of the following is an expected side effect of atropine? |
Cause inhibition of excessive salivation |
Cause bradycardia Cause mild sedation Cause inhibition of excessive salivation. Cause pupillary constriction |
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The veterinarian would like you to give famotidine to a 23 kg Doberman Pinscher that has been hospitalized for vomiting. The dosage is 0.5 mg/kg. Using the image, how many milliliters you will be administering? |
1.2 ml |
1.4 ml 11.5 ml 0.12 ml 1.2 ml |
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What adverse side effect can occur in cats given metoclopramide? |
Aggressive behavior |
Aggressive behavior Estrus behavior Dilated and fixed pupils Cyanosis |
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Why should atropine, a competitive antagonist of acetylcholine receptors, be used cautiously in horses (i.e. what is a major side effect of the drug)? |
Excessive use can result in intestinal stasis (colic) |
Excessive use can result in diarrhea. Excessive use can result in intestinal stasis (colic). Excessive use can result in bradycardia. Excessive use can result in intense constriction of the pupil. |
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A large dog collapses in the lobby of your veterinary clinic. The dog is taken to the treatment area where an ECG reveals that the patient is in ventricular tachycardia. What drug would be administered intravenously in an attempt to convert the dog to a normal sinus rhythm? |
2% lidocaine |
Vasopressin Digoxin 2% lidocaine Atropine Ephinephrine |
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A client calls and would like her dog's phenobarbital refilled. He is currently getting 1/4 grain every 12 hours. How many milligrams is in 1/4 grain? |
16.2 mg |
16.2 mg 58.0 mg 32.4 mg 64.8 mg |
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Which is safe to put in the ears if the tympanum may be ruptured? |
0.9% NaCl |
Gentamicin Chlorhexidine Neomycin 0.9% NaCl |
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What toxicity is caused by ingestion of these items? (see image) |
Zinc toxicity |
Lead toxicity Nickel toxicity Zinc toxicity No toxicity is caused by penny ingestion. |
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The degree to which an administered drug is absorbed intact into the systemic circulation is known as which of the following? |
Bioavailability |
First-pass Half-life Metabolism Bioavailability |
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Which route of drug administration usually allows for the most rapid onset of action? |
Intravenous |
Oral Subcutaneous Intramuscular Intravenous |
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You want to give a 22 pound cat a 5 mg/kg dose of a drug. The drug comes as a 2.5% solution. How many milliliters should you give the cat? |
2 |
.4 8.8 4.4 2 20 .2 |
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A Bearded Collie is to receive an injection of maropitant (Cerenia). If the dose prescribed is 1 mg/kg and the concentration of maropitant is 10 mg/ml, how many milliliters should the patient receive? |
There is not enough information to complete this problem |
There is not enough information to complete this problem. 1.8 2.1 6 0.5 3.5 |
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Drugs that have no accepted medical use, are not considered safe, and have high potential for abuse are the most controlled by the DEA (Drug Enforcement Administration). Drugs under this category such as heroin are listed as what type of category? |
Schedule I controlled substance |
Schedule III controlled substance. Schedule II controlled substance. Schedule V controlled substance. Schedule IV controlled substance. Schedule I controlled substance. |
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Some bacteria produce beta-lacatamases that destroy or inactivate penicillins. What beta-lactamase inhibitor is added to amoxicillin to prevent this from occurring? |
Clavulanic acid |
Sulfamethoxazole Clavulanic acid Procaine Chloride |
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A patient presents with red eyes and the owner reports he has been rubbing his face on the carpet. He is currently taking the sulfa-based drug Primor for a skin infection. What side effect of this medication could cause these symptoms? |
Dry Eye |
Uveitis Glaucoma Dry Eye Dendritic ulcer formation Epiphora |
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How many milliliters of 25% dextrose should be added to 1 L of 0.9% saline to make a 5% dextrose solution? |
200 ml |
20 ml 200 ml 100 ml 50 ml |
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Because of its potential side effects that can occur due to toxic serum levels, a blood level of which medication should be monitored closely? |
Digoxin |
Furosemide Spironolactone Pimobendan Digoxin |
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What are Omega 3 and Omega 6? |
Fatty acids |
Antifungals Fat soluble vitamins Fatty acids Amino acids |
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In cattle, black leg is caused by which of the following clostridium species? |
C. chauvoei |
C. botulinum C. novyi C. septicum C. chauvoei |
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A 7-kg Dachshund "Rudy" is being treated for pancreatitis and has been vomiting. You are asked to start him on a constant rate infusion of metoclopramide at 2 mg per kilogram per day (mg/kg/day). He is on a fluid rate of 23 mL/hr. Metoclopramide comes in a concentration of 5mg/mL. How much metoclopramide will you add to a liter bag of LRS? |
5 mL |
1.2 mL 3 mL 8 mL 5 mL |
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The medications Mirtazipine and Cyproheptadine can both be used for which purpose? |
Appetite stimulation |
To stop epistaxis Sedation for brief procedures Appetite stimulation To increase hemoglobin levels |
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Which of the following routes of administration would give a drug the highest bioavailability? |
Intravenous |
Oral Intramuscular Intravenous Subcutaneous |
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A canine patient presents for his annual exam. The owner states they will be taking a road trip and "Bailey" gets extremely car sick. What medication has been FDA approved for motion sickness in dogs? |
Maropitant (Cerenia |
Maropitant (Cerenia) Metoclopramide (Reglan) Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) Meclizine (Dramamine) |
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You are about to sedate a dog, and the veterinarian would like to use a drug which is reversible. Which one of these is NOT an option? |
Phenobarbital |
Midazolam Medetomidine Phenobarbital Diazepam Hydromorphone |
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Which medication is typically given through a filter? |
Mannitol |
Cefazolin Mannitol Metoclopramide Dexamethasone |
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All drugs need to be stored and handled so that they are safe for the patient, client, and veterinary staff. When handling drugs that are concidered cytotoxic or hazardous, personal protective apparel (PPA) should be worn. With which of the following drugs is it imperative to pay special attention to safe handling? |
Vincristine |
Metronidazole Metoclopramide Ascorbic Acid Vincristine Sucralfate |
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What clinical syndrome can result from bedding a horse on shavings made from the Black Walnut (Juglans nigra) tree? |
Laminitis |
Contact alopecia Nothing/no Effect Contact dermatitis Laminitis Foot abscessation |
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Amphotericin B is often used in cases of resistant fungal infections, such as occurs with diseases like Coccidioides immitis. This medication is known for the potential to cause severe damage to which organ? |
Kidneys |
Liver Kidneys Skin Bladder Intestine |
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Which of the following is NOT a drug used for the treatment of internal parasites? |
Thiopental |
Fenbendazole Pyrantel Sulfadimethoxine Praziquantel Thiopental |
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A cat is given dexmedetomidine, and the cat's heart rate has dropped significantly. The veterinarian asks you to give the reversal, which is the following is the appropriate reversal agent? |
Atipamezole |
Atipamezole Naloxone Acepromazine Yohimbine |
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A 20-kg patient is currently receiving 52 ml/hr of Lactated Ringer's Solution. The clinician has requested that 2 mg/kg/day of metoclopramide be added to the bag. Metoclopramide is available as a 5 mg/ml solution. How many milliliters do you need to add to a 1 liter bag? |
6.5 ml |
3 ml 45 ml 6.5 ml 0.8 ml |
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Which drug is a fluoroquinolone? |
Enrofloxacin |
Carprofen Enrofloxacin Cephalexin Clindamycin |
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Which organ(s) most commonly break down or process medications and excrete them from the body? |
Liver and kidneys |
Gastrointestinal tract Lungs and liver Pancreas and kidneys Gastrointestinal tract and liver Liver and kidneys |
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Which of the following is expected from a positive inotropic drug? |
Increase in cardiac contractility |
Prevention of arrhythmias Dramatic decrease blood pressure Increase in cardiac contractility Decrease in adrenal gland stimulation |
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Which of the following medications is commonly found over-the-counter (OTC)? |
Diphenhydramine |
Hydrocodone Doxycycline Diphenhydramine Pimobendan |
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If an owner is instructed to give a medication "prn", how often should it be given? |
As needed |
Continuous via infusion Every 4 hours Hourly As needed Once daily |
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What quantity of drug is found in 200 mLs of a 10% solution? |
20 grams |
20 grams [ Correct answer ] 20 milligrams 2,000 grams 2,000 milligrams |
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What should be done when administering nitroglycerin paste to a patient? |
Wear gloves |
Have the patient hooked up to IV fluids to prevent hypotension. Wear gloves. Have the patient on oxygen. Apply it directly to the mucous membranes. |
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Which of the following medications requires special handling because it can cause aplastic anemia in humans? |
Chloramphenicol |
Phenylpropanolamine Metronidazole Chloramphenico Famotidine Chlorpheniramine |
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How do oral flea control products such as Program or Sentinel work? |
Stopping egg hatching |
Sterilizing the male flea to prevent reproduction. Killing adult fleas directly. Paralyzing the nervous system of the flea. Stopping egg hatching. |
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An 11-year old female spayed dog is diagnosed with a bladder tumor. She is still able to pass urine, but she strains towards the end of her urination and needs to go out frequently. Her bloodwork is unremarkable. What medication is sometimes prescriped specifically to alleviate symptoms from bladder tumors in dogs? |
Piroxicam |
Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid Piroxicam Tramadol Cranberry extract |
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Which of the following would you use to induce emesis in cats? |
Xylazine |
Naltrexone Activated charcoal Xylazine Apomorphine |
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A drug that is an anti-cholinergic agent will have which of the following effects? |
Decrease salivation |
Constrict the pupil of the eye Suppress the cough reflex Decrease salivation Decrease heart rate |
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A Golden retriever ingests several tablespoons of antifreeze. This will cause the most damage to what organ system? |
Renal |
Gastrointestinal Cardiac Renal Hepatic Nervous |
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Which of the following drugs is NOT approved for the use in cattle? |
Xylazine |
Albendazole Xylazine Butorphanol Diazepam |
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Flunixin meglumine is sometimes used in horses, cattle, and pigs for which purpose? |
For analgesia |
For constipation For acid reflux For analgesia For tapeworm infestation |
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A 12-pound cat needs Clavamox drops at 14 mg/kg BID. The solution is 62.5 mg/mL. How many mLs should this cat receive twice daily? |
1.2 mL |
2.4 mL 1.2 mL 0.8 mL 3.1 mL |
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Which of the following drugs should not be given to any animal intended for human consumption? |
Chloramphenicol |
Oxytetracycline Chloramphenicol Prostaglandin F2-alpha Amprolium |
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What is the primary toxic principle in chocolate? |
Theobromine |
Cholinesterase inhibitors Sucrose Theobromine Serotonin Cacao |
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How is toxicity from the rodenticide, brodifacoum, treated? |
Vitamin K1 |
Vitamin K1 Atropine Vitamin D3 Potassium bromide Methylene blue |
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What does a beta-2 adrenergic agonist cause? |
Bronchodilation |
Salivation Slowed heart rate Bronchodilation Constricted pupils |
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Sulfasalazine is sometimes used in veterinary medicine to treat which chronic condition? |
Colitis |
Pancreatitis Hepatitis Bronchitis Colitis |
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A 20-kg patient is being sent home on famotidine to help with potential esophagitis. How many 10 mg tablets should be sent home with the owner, if the patient requires 0.5 mg/kg PO BID x 7 days? |
14 |
7 40 14 21 |
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A tablet may have enteric coating to serve what purpose? |
To protect the medication from being destroyed by the acids of the stomach |
It prevents gastric ulceration. To protect the medication from being destroyed by the acids of the stomach. It increases transit time so the drug can make it to the colon more quickly for absorption. It slows transit time so that the drug will be absorbed mostly through the stomach wall. |
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Lincosamides (such as lincomycin and clindamycin) are contraindicated for use in which species of animal? |
Equine |
Canine Swine Equine Feline |
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An 11-year old male German shepherd dog with previously diagnosed dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) presents to your clinic following a dog fight. The dog is significantly aggressive and resistant to handling. What medication should NOT be used to sedate this patient? |
Dexmedetomidine |
Buprenorphine Midazolam Atropine Dexmedetomidine Butorphanol |
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Chronic administration of prednisone to animals can cause an iatrogenic form of what condition? |
Cushing's disease |
Addison's disease Cushing's disease Bang's disease Tyzzer's disease |
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Which of the following medications blocks the chemoreceptor trigger zone to help reduce nausea and vomiting in small animals? |
Metoclopramide |
Sucralfate Metoclopramide [ Correct answer ] Metronidazole Famotidine |
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Choose in order the corresponding acronyms for: once daily, twice daily, three times daily, and four times daily |
SID, BID, TID, QID |
QID, SID, TID, BID BID, SID, QID, TID SID, BID, TID, QID TID, BID, SID QID SID, BID, QID, TID |
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Which of the following medications would be beneficial to a patient who is being treated for an NSAID overdose? |
Misoprosto |
Lactulose Cortisone Misoprostol Potassium |
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Which of the following over-the-counter medications is sometimes given for diarrhea? |
Bismuth subsalicylate |
Simethicone Famotidine Diphenhydramine Bismuth subsalicylate |
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How many milliliters are in 3 Liters? |
3,000 mL |
300 mL 3.3 mL 30,000 mL 3,000 mL |
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Valium is often given with ketamine to provide which effect? |
Muscle relaxation |
Increased muscle tone Muscle relaxation Increased cardiac contractility Increased heart rate |
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Which of the following is false regarding the use of insulin? |
Shake well before use |
It causes blood sugar to decrease when administered. It can be given intramuscularly. Shake well before use. Keep refrigerated. |
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Ivermectin is effective against which organisms? |
Nematodes |
Trematodes Protozoa Cestodes Nematodes |
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A dog presents for his first day of heartworm treatment. He tested positive for heartworms last week, and the infection was confirmed by chest radiographs and finding microfilariae in his blood. Which drug will this dog receive for killing the heartworms? |
Melarsomine |
Ivermectin Milbemycin Melarsomine Selamectin |
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Antivenin is typically given in cases of which of the following? |
Snake bites |
Snake bites Congestive heart failure Toxin ingestion Prolonged seizure activity |
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Patients that have received prednisone chronically need to be tapered off slowly to avoid which of the following? |
Signs of hypoadrenocorticism |
Signs of hyperinsulinism Signs of hyperadrenocorticism Signs of diabetes insipidus Signs of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency Signs of hypoadrenocorticism |
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Estrogen toxicity most commonly causes which side effect? |
Bone marrow suppression |
Bone marrow suppression Seizures Hypertension Hypoglycemia |
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Which medication is considered a gastric "band-aid"? |
Sucralfate |
Metronidazole Pepcid-AC Metoclopramide Sucralfate |
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Which of these forms of chocolate contains the highest concentration of theobromine? |
Unsweetened baking chocolate |
Semi-sweet chocolate White chocolate Unsweetened baking chocolate Milk chocolate |
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You find coccidia (Isospora) on a fecal float for a puppy that presents with mucoid diarrhea with streaks of blood. What medication is used to treat coccidia? |
Sulfadimethoxine |
Pyrantel Sulfadimethoxine Metronidazole Praziquantel Fenbendazole |
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Which injectable medication comes in an emulsion containing egg lecithin and soybean oil? |
Propofol |
Metoclopramide Ketamine Thiopental Propofol |
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Keratoconjunctivitis sicca (dry eye) can result from the use of which medication? |
Trimethoprim-sulfa (TMS) |
Trimethoprim-sulfa (TMS) Enrofloxacin Cyclosporine Enalapril Prednisone |
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Which of the following would not typically be caused by tetanus in the horse? |
Spontaneous abortion |
Spontaneous abortion Muscular rigidity Convulsions Inability to chew or swallow Respiratory arrest |
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Sometimes drugs, such as phenobarbital, are given in a higher dose as a loading dose and then tapered back to a maintenance dose. This helps the drug to accumulate to a therapeutic level in the body until the concentration plateaus. When this occurs, the drug has reached which of the following? |
Steady state |
Steady state Half-life Nadir Bioavailability |
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A client rushes in her puppy which was accidentally dropped and received a trauma to the head. Which medication is an osmotic diuretic and may be used to help decrease intracranial pressure in a situation like this? |
Mannitol |
Dexdomitor Mannitol Dobutamine Diazepam |
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Which drug is known as an ACE-inhibitor? |
Enalapril |
Metoclopramide Diphenhydramine Acepromazine Enalapril |
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A 1200-gram bird needs to receive an injection of an antibiotic. The antibiotic dose to be administered is 15 mg/kg. It comes in a 10 mg/ml solution. How many milliliters does this bird need? |
1.8 ml |
18 ml 1800 ml 9 ml 1.8 ml |
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Which of the following is true of aspirin? |
It decreases platelet clumping and thus reduces risk of clot formation |
It increases thrombus formation to help prevent bleeding at a site of injury. It should never be given to canines. It decreases platelet clumping and thus reduces risk of clot formation. It should never be given to felines. |
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A client has a dog with allergies, and the doctor recommends she give the dog diphenhydramine (Benadryl) twice daily for 1 week. She instructs that the dog have 3.0 mg/kg every 12 hours. Over-the-counter Benadryl contains 12.5 mg per teaspoon, and the owner wishes to give a liquid. What quantity of Benadryl in milliliters should the dog receive every 12 hours if he weighs 8 pounds? |
4.3 mL |
0.85 mL 4.3 mL 1.2 mL 3.1 mL |
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A six month old Collie comes into your clinic for a technician exam and deworming. What antiparasitic drug should be used with caution in this breed? |
Ivermectin |
Sulfadimethoxine Propofol Pyrantel pamoate Ivermectin Fenbendazole |
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A veterinaian asks you to give a 1 ml/kg dose of lidocaine to a dog that is having ventricular premature complexes. You realize after it is too late that you miscalculated the dose and gave 10 times what was asked for. What is the most common early sign of lidocaine toxicity in dogs? |
Central nervous system depression |
Profound bradycardia Anaphylaxis Apnea Central nervous system depression Peripheral neuropathy |
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How many milliliters should be administered to a 100-kg patient that needs 50 mg of a 2.5% solution? |
2 ml |
2 ml 125 ml 2.5 ml 25 ml |
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A 5-year old Labrador has developed hemorrhagic gastroenteritis. The clinician has instructed you to start him on Metronidazole at a dose of 10 mg/kg intravenously twice daily. Metronidazole is available in a 5 mg/ml solution. How many milliliters are necessary per dose? The dog's body weight is 80 lbs. |
73 ml |
160 ml 40 ml 73 ml 18.2 ml |
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You are helping the neurologist with a Tensilon test in a dog. Tensilon is the trade name for edrophonium chloride. By administering this drug, you are testing for which disease? |
Myasthenia gravis |
Old dog vestibular disease Meningitis Myasthenia gravis Diskospondylitis Hydrocephalus |
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Which of these drugs should be used with great caution in stallions due to the risk of causing paraphimosis or priapism? |
Acepromazine |
Atropine Acepromazine Trimethoprim-sulfa Ketamine |
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Which of the following drugs is a controlled substance? |
Hydrocodone |
Acepromazine Medetomidine Propofol Hydrocodone |
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An 8-year old female spayed Dalmatian presents to your clinic for dribbling urine when sleeping. Bloodwork and urinalysis are performed, and phenylpropanolamine is prescribed. How will this drug help treat the dog's problem? |
It increases the tone of the urethral sphincter. |
It increases the tone of the urethral sphincter. It increases re-absorption of water by the kidneys, resulting in decreased urine volume. It alkalinizes the urine, decreasing urinary crystal formation. It kills Gram-negative bacteria It acidifies the urine, decreasing urinary crystal formation. It provides hormonal replacement to reverse the condition . |
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Which of these is an effective drug to induce emesis in the dog? |
Apomorphine |
Azathioprine Xylazine Magnesium hydroxide Apomorphine |
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An owner calls your vet clinic in a panic because her epileptic dog is currently having a seizure. She says that the vet at your hospital had given her a drug to give rectally to help. She starts to list off the medications in her medicine cabinet. Which of these is the appropriate drug for this instance? |
Diazepam |
Clomipramine Ketamine Naloxone Potassium bromide Diazepam |
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A 2-month old male mixed-breed puppy is diagnosed with a urinary tract infection. Culture and sensitivity of the urine show the bacteria to be susceptible to enrofloxacin. Why should a different antibiotic be chosen over enrofloxacin? |
Enrofloxacin causes cartilage abnormalities in growing puppies |
Enrofloxacin causes enamel hypoplasia and teeth staining in young animals. The half-life of enrofloxacin is greatly reduced in puppies. Enrofloxacin causes cartilage abnormalities in growing puppies. Enrofloxacin does not reach therapeutic levels in the urinary tract. |
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Phenylpropanolamine is used to treat urinary incontinence in dogs. It can commonly cause which side effect that should be discussed with the owner? |
Hypertension |
Renal failure Hypertension Profound hyperglycemia Hypocalcemia |
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The doctor hands you a written prescription for spironolactone and asks you to give it to a client while they are checking out. The client asks you to remind her what this medication is for again, and you reply that: |
It is a diuretic for her pet's congestive heart failure |
It is a diuretic for her pet's congestive heart failure. It is a steroid inhibitor used for treating Cushing's disease. It is an anti-inflammatory for her pet's post-operative pain. It is a corticosteroid used for treating Addison's disease. |
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You are performing an ACTH stimulation test. You are instructed to give Cortrosyn at a dose of 5 micrograms/kg IV. The Cortrosyn has been reconstituted to a concentration of 0.25 mg/mL. Your patient weighs 27 pounds. How much Cortrosyn should you administer? |
0.24 mL |
2.4 mL 0.24 mL 0.85 mL 0.08 mL 2.1 mL |
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Which of the following drugs increases gastrointestinal motility? |
Metoclopramide |
Barium Famotidine Metoclopramide Diphenhydramine |
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Of the following, which drug is considered an aminoglycoside? |
Gentamicin |
Itraconazole Doxycycline Cephalexin Enrofloxacin Gentamicin |
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Which of the following medications is known to cause perivascular tissue sloughing if given out of the vein? |
Phenylbutazone |
Ampicillin Ascorbic acid Phenylbutazone Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO) |
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A 5-year old female spayed Yorkie presents with a history of decreased vision. The doctor asks you to perform tonometry on this dog. Which of the following may be used as a topical anesthetic to the eyes so that you may check the intraocular pressures with your Tonopen? |
Proparacaine |
Benzocaine Bupivacaine Lidocaine Proparacaine |
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A 6-year old Doberman cardiac arrested and was resuscitated. However, the dog has a consistently low systolic blood pressure of 60 mmHg. What drug may be prescribed to increase the blood pressure and via what route? |
Dopamine via intravenous infusion |
Terbutaline via subcutaneous administration. Dopamine via intravenous infusion. Dopamine via intramuscular administration. Hydromorphone via intravenous administration. |
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Which of the following drugs are toxic to cats? |
Acetaminophen |
Ketoprofen Prednisolone Xylazine Acetaminophen Famotidine |
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Which of these drugs should be used with great caution in stallions due to the risk of causing paraphimosis or priapism? |
Acepromazine |
Acepromazine Trimethoprim-sulfa Ketamine Atropine |
