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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Composition of nerves in PNS |
cranial and spinal nerves (except optic nerve, considered part of CNS) |
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Part of brain that directs voluntary movements |
cerebral cortex |
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parts of brain that control cardiac, smooth (involuntary) muscle |
Hypothalamus, medulla oblongata |
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Other name for ANS |
visceral division |
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Nerves of ANS |
connect CNS w/involuntary muscles of body |
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Number of nerve pairs in PNS |
43 12 from cranium, 31 from spine mixture from somatic (21) autonomic division (22) ANS- 15 from SNS, 7 from PNS |
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Spinal sections- Cervical
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7 vertebrae, 8 nerves controls head, neck, shoulders, arms, wrists, hands, diaphragm (all somatic) |
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Spinal sections- thoracic |
12 vertebrae, 12 spinal nerves controls heart, lungs, chest, back |
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Spinal sections- lumbar |
5 vertebrae, 5 spinal nerves Controls GI, urogenital, back, legs |
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Spinal sections- sacrum |
5 vertebrae, 5 spinal nerves Controls GI, urogenita, legs, feet fuses into 1 bone in adult |
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Spinal sections- coccyx |
4 vertebrae, 1 spinal nerve Controls fecal excretion Fuses into 1 bone (tailbone) in adult |
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Sympathetic division nerve composition |
Spinal nerves only 15 pairs from thoracic, lumbar sections Thoracolumbar division all nerves activated at once |
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Parasympathetic nerve composition |
nerves come from cranium, spine (craniosacral division) 4 from cranium, 3 from spinal cord parasympathetic can choose which nerves to activate (sympathetic all or none) no nerves travel to blood vessels, arteries (sympathetic division increases/decreases control BP) |
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Cranial (brain) nerves control? |
heart, eye, nose, mouth PS division |
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Thoracic (spinal) nerves control? |
heart, lungs, chest, back S division |
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Lumbar (spinal) nerves control? |
GI, urogenital, back, legs S division |
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Sacral (spinal) nerves control? |
GI urogenital, legs, feet PS division |
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3 neurotransmitters important in ANS |
ACH NE EPI |
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ACH (acetylcholine) |
parasympathetic neurotransmitter, stimulates cholinergic receptors. Released by autonomic nerve sites |
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NE |
sympathetic neurotransmitter, stimulates adrenergic receptors. Released by autonomic nerve sites |
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EPI (aka adrenaline) |
neurotransmitter, released by adrenal medulla. Stimulates adrenergic receptors, also used as drug |
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Adrenal Medulla |
ganglion of nerves located in adrenal gland at top of each kidney |
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In S division, postganglionic nerve endings release what? Nerve/receptor type? |
NE adrenergic |
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In PS division, postganglionic nerve endings release what? Nerve/receptor type? |
ACH Cholinergic |
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Cholinergic |
nerve ending, receptor that releases, responds to ACH |
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Ganglion |
group of synapses in PNS |
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Synapse |
gap between 2 neurons that nerve impulse travels across |
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Adrenergic |
nerve ending or receptor that releases, responds to NE |
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Preganglionic nerve endings in both divisions respond to what? |
ACH |
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Only neurotransmitter that PS nerves release? |
ACH |
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effects of EPI |
Heart stimulation Bronchial tube dilation Vasoconstriction |
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endogenous |
descriptor for substance produced naturally by body |
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BP increased by which nerves? |
sympathetic. No PS nerves in arteries |
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Activity of digestive tract during S, PS stimulation |
S- slows PS- increases |
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S, PS stimulation effect on eyes |
S- pupil dilates (mydriasis) PS- pupil contracts (miosis) |
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jjj |
jjj |
