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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Carthartics
Antidiarrheics |
What is the major drug groups called that controls intestinal elimination?
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Carthartics
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means to cleanse
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Carthartics
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laxatives or purgatives (based upon degree of action; No longer use the stronger purgatives. Major causes of constipation include: lack of diet, fiber, lack of exercise, drugs, overuse of cathartics, lack of peristalsis (many causes).
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Carthartics
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Therapeutic uses of which drug?
Treat or avoid constipation Surgery or diagnostic procedures Worm infections (used in conjunction with poison for worm) Chemical poisoning (when chemical has gotten past the stomach) |
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Treat or avoid constipation
Surgery or diagnostic procedures Worm infections (used in conjunction with poison for worm) Chemical poisoning |
What are the therapeutic uses for cathartics?
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Undiagnosed abdominal pain - appendicitis, may lead to rupture; inflammatory disease of GI tract (too irritating)
GI obstruction including fecal impaction Later stages of pregnancy |
What are the contraindications of Cathartics?
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contraindications of Cathartics
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Undiagnosed abdominal pain - appendicitis, may lead to rupture; inflammatory disease of GI tract (too irritating)
GI obstruction including fecal impaction Later stages of pregnancy |
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Irritant
Bulk-forming Saline cathartics Lubricants and fecal moistening agents |
What are the different types of cathartics?
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Irritant
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cathartic
which one? acts as stimulant to peristalsis caster oil These are NOT for nursing mothers. |
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Bulk-forming
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cathartic
which one? Metamucil Lactulose acts both as an osmotic agent and as an irriatant. Natural sources: fruits and vegetables These same drugs may be used to treat diarrhea. |
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Saline cathartics
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cathartic
which one? Milk of magnesia hyperonic saline that attract water to feces cauion if renal impairment used to treat edema for securing stool speciments for worms or for some poisonings. |
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Lubricants and fecal moistening agents
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cathartic mechanism of action
which one? both act to keep feces soft, especially useful after hemorrhoid surgery, myocardial infarction, aneurysms, cerebrovascular disorders, etc. oils may inhibit absorption of fat soluble nutrients (take on empty stomach). |
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Diarrhea
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________ can cause dehydration, exhaustion, electrolyte and acid-base imbalance, etc.
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Demulcents
Absorbents Astringents Antiinfectives Sedatives and antipasmodics Lactobaccillus |
What are the different types of antidiarrheics?
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Demulcents
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help prevent irritation (limited usefullness)
What type of antidiarrheic is this? |
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Absorbents
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What type of antidiarrheic is this?
absorb gas or irritating substance |
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Astringents
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What type of antidiarrheic is this?
precipitate protein and cover surface of membrane - prevents further irritation, shricks tissue |
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antiinfective
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What type of antidiarrheic is this?
if cause is microorganism (note: do NOT inhibit peristalsis if microorganism present) |
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Sedatives and Antispasmodics
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What type of antidiarrheic is this?
opium preparations and antimuscarinic. Imodium |
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Carminatives or antiflatulents
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What drug group is used to treat intestinal gas?
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Increase motility to help expel gas.
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What is the mech. of action for carminatives?
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Simethicone
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_________ is an antifoaming agent.
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charcoal
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now trying ________ capsules for intestinal gas. Perhaps as much as one gram boefore and after meal. Caution: absorbs oral medications.
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Barium sulfate
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very poisonous but insoluble so is safe to use.
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Organic iodine compounds
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for many uses including gall stones
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Iodine allergy
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What is the major caution or contraindication for diagnostic agents or contrast media?
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Barium sulfate
Organic iodine compounds |
What are the 2 different kinds of contrast media?
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