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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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This drug inhibits sodium and chloride reabsorption in distal tubule
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Thiazide diuretics - hydrochlorothiazide, chlorthalidone
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Side effects of thiazide diuretics
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Hypokalemia
Hypomagnesemia Hypercalcemia Hyperuricemia Rash Hyperglycemia |
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Which tests should be monitored in patients with thiazide diuretics
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Potassium every 3 days until stable then every several months, blood glucose, serum magnesium
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Side effects of loop diuretics
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Hypokalemia
Hypomagnesemia Hypocalcemia Hyponatremia Ototoxicity Hypersensitivity Renal function |
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Which tests should be monitored in patients with loop diuretics
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Electrolytes every 3 days, look for signs of hypokalemia, patient weight monitor
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These drugs are indicated for all patients with CHF and HOPE trial suggests all patients with atherosclerotic disease and diabetics with one or more risk factors
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ACE inhibitors
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Side effects of ACE inhibitors
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Hypotension
Hyperkalemia Renal failure Cough Rash Taste disturbance Neutropenia Pancreatitis |
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These drugs should be initial drug therapy for most either alone or combined with other drug classes for hypertension
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Thiazide diuretics
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DOC heart failure + HTN
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Thiazides
Beta blockers ACE inhibitors ARB Aldosterone antagonists |
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DOC post MI + HTN
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Beta blockers
Ace inhibitors Aldosterone antagonists |
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DOC high CAD risk + HTN
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Thiazides
Beta blockers Ace inhibitors Ca channel blockers |
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DOC diabetes + HTN
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Thiazides
Beta blockers ACE inhibitors ARB CA channel blockers |
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DOC Chronic kidney disease + HTN
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ACE inhibitors
ARB |
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DOC recurrent stroke prevention + HTN
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Thiazides
ACE inhibitors |
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Drugs contraindicated for treatment of HTN in pregnancy
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ACE inhibitors
ARB |
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DOC osteoporosis + HTN
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Thiazide diuretics
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DOC atrial arrhythmias/fibrillation, migraine, thyrotoxicosis, essential tremor or pre op HTN
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Beta blockers
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Useful in treatment of Raynauds and certain arrhythmias + HTN
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Ca channel blockers
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Used in prostatism + HTN
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Alpha blockers
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Should be used cautiously in gout or history of significant hyponatremia
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Thiazide diuretics
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Should be avoided in patients with asthma, reactive airway diseases, or 2nd, 3d degree heart block
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Beta blockers
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Should not be used in individuals with history of angioedema
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ACE inhibitors
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Can cause hyperkalemia
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K sparing diuretics + aldosterone antagonists
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Contraindications for niacin
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Liver disease
Severe gout Peptic ulcer |
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Side effects niacin
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Flushing
Hypeglycemia Hyperuricemia Upper GI distress |
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Side effects fibric acids
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Dyspepsia
Gall stones Myopathy |
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Contraindications fibric acids
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Severe renal or liver disease
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Acts at intestinal brush border, reduces cholesterol, LDL, TG - well tolerated, used in combination with HMG
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Ezetimibe
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