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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Explain the basics of Hypercholesteremia:
population at risk |
male > female 8:1, >70yrs 1:1
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Explain the basics of Hypercholesteremia:
primary risk factor |
High LDL
or very low HDL |
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Explain the basics of Hypercholesteremia:
causes what two main diseases |
CHD
CAD |
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Explain the basics of Hypercholesteremia:
what role does LDL / HDL / VLDL play in plaque formation and disease |
LDL - "BAD" - deposits atherosclerotic plaque
high=cardiac death HDL - "GOOD" - removes deposits low=cardiac death VLDL - carries triglyceride, converts to LDL high=pancreatitis |
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What are 5 main classes of Hypercholestoralemia?
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HMG-CoA Reduction Inh (statins)
Niacin Fibrates Bile Acid-Binding Resins Ezetimibe (Zetia) |
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What is the target goal for LDL
(primary prevention) |
< 130-160
(depends on # of risk factors) |
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What is the target goal for LDL
(secondary prevention) |
< 70-100 b/c of existing CHD's
(chronic angina, diabetes, previous MI, previous ischemic stroke) |
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List the major risk factors for developing CHD
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>10 cigarettes / day
HTN HDL <40mg/dL men ≥ 45yrs women ≥ 55 yrs |
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pleotropic effects of statins are?
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reduce/stabilize plaque
reduce inflammation vasodilation easier reduced thrombosis |
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What is the Class of Drugs of choice:
to treat Hypercholestoralemia |
HMG-CoA Reduction Inh (statins)
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What is common naming scheme for:
HMG-CoA Reduction Inh |
---statin
ex: Atorvastatin (Lipitor) |
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What is the best/most powerful statins?
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Atorvastatin (Lipitor)
reduce: LDL 60% |
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HMG-CoA Reduction Inh (statins)
Class of drugs mechanism Benefits/Downfall |
Class of Drugs: treats Hypercholesteremia
Mechanism: -inhibits HMG-CoA Reduction Inh (statins) -body can't make more cholesterol -reduced LDL Benefits/Downfall: -lowers M/M !!!! -lowers LDL 60% -well tolerated |
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HMG-CoA Reduction Inh (statins)
What are ADRs, Tolerance, Drug Interactions: |
-Muscle Myoapathy !!
-Well tolerated -CYP3A4 -grape fruie juice, some antibiotics |
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List adverse effects of statins on skeletal muscle
(types of myopathy) |
muscle myopathy
symptomatic/asymptomatic myopathy - raised CK level rhabdomyolysis - cell destruction |
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Niacin
Class of drugs mechanism Benefits/Downfall ADRs |
Class of drugs:
treats Hypercholesteremia Mechanism: unclear Benefits/Downfall: cheap, works well raises HDL ADRs: not tolerated well |
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Fibrates
Class of drugs mechanism Benefits/Downfall ADRs |
Class of drugs:
treats hypercholesteremia Mechanism: unclear reduces Triglycerides Benefits/Downfalls: lower risk of M/M |
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Bile Acid-Binding Resins
Class of drugs mechanism Benefits/Downfall ADRs |
Class: treats hypercholestoralemia
mechanism: bind (remove) bile acid -body uses cholesterol to make more Benefits/Downfalls: minimally lower risk of M/M ADRs: heartburn, n/v, gas, bloating |
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Ezetimibe (Zetia)
Class of drugs mechanism Benefits/Downfall ADRs |
Class: treats Hypercholestoralemia
Mech: Inh GI absorption of cholesterol NO CHANGE in M/M but reduces LDL |
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Rhabdomyolysis
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muscle cell destruction & deterioration of renal function and usually in combination with elevated CK
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Muscle myopathy
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general term, inclusive of all muscle pathology
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myalgia
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muscle weakness
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Myositis
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symptomatic myopathy or myalgia + elevated CK
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Asymptomatic myopathy:
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elevated CK without symptoms
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