Pharm Exam 3: Anxiolytics

Front 1

Promoting the onset and maintenance of sleep is called:

Back 1

Hypnosis

Front 2

Producing a state of calmness and decreased activity is called:

Back 2

Sedation

Front 3

Unresponsive to mild stimuli is called

Back 3

Unconsciousness

Front 4

Unresponsive to most or all stimuli

Back 4

Coma

Front 5

Complete depression of respiratory and cardiovascular centers

Back 5

Death

Front 6

Chronic anxiety, exaggerated worry with little or nothing to provoke it is what type of anxiety disorder?

Back 6

Generalized anxiety disorder

Front 7

Recurrent, unwanted thoughts and repetitive behaviors. Not acting on these thoughts or carrying out the behaviors causes anxiousness.

Back 7

Obsessive compulsive disorder

Front 8

Unexpected episodes of intense fear with autonomic nervous system activation

Back 8

Panic disorder

Front 9

Prompted by severe trauma and causing episodes with sense of reliving part of the event is what type of anxiety disorder?

Back 9

Post-traumatic Stress Disorder

Front 10

Overwhelming self-consciousness inpublic that prevents normal function

Back 10

Social phobia

Front 11

Cognitive behavioral therapy, relaxation therapy, and lifestyle changes are what kinds of therapies for anxiety disorders?

Back 11

Non-pharmacologic therapy

Front 12

What is the four main pharmacological therapies for anxiety disorders?

Back 12

1. Benzodiazepines
2. Serotonin receptor agonist
3. Antidepressants
4. Beta-blockers

Front 13

50% of the population has insomnia at least one night per week (T/F)

Back 13

True

Front 14

Persistence of insomnia symptoms for at least 3 days a week for more than one month at a time is called:

Back 14

Chronic insomnia

Front 15

The mechanism of action of benzodiazepines is:

Back 15

Enhance binding of GABA to GABA-A receptors

Front 16

Which BZD is indicated for anesthesia?

Back 16

Midazolam

Front 17

Which three BZDs are indicated for insomnia?

Back 17

Flurazepam, triazolam, temezapam.

Front 18

Which BZDs are indicated for anxiety disorders? (5)

Back 18

1. Alprazolam
2. Lorazepam
3. Oxazepam
4. Clonazepam
5. Diazepam

Front 19

Sedation, respiratory depression, dependence, and abuse are all ADRs for what class of anxiolytics?

Back 19

Benzodiazepines

Front 20

Increase of chloride influx and prolongation of hyperpolarization are two effects of what class of anxiolytics?

Back 20

Benzodiazepines

Front 21

Benzodiazepines are lipophilic or lipophobic?

Back 21

Lipophilic

Front 22

Where are BZDs metabolized?

Back 22

Liver

Front 23

Benzodiazepine withdrawal is/is not similar to alcohol withdrawal?

Back 23

Similar to alcohol withdrawal
Symptoms more severe at higher doses for longer periods of time

Front 24

Benzodiazepine withdrawal can cause seizures T/F?

Back 24

True

Front 25

What drug is used to treat BZD overdose?

Back 25

Flumazenil

Front 26

What is the mechanism of action of flumazenil?

Back 26

Competitive antagonist of BZDs at the GABA-A receptor

Front 27

Flumazenil is rapidly or slowly metabolized?

Back 27

Rapidly metabolized (30-60 min)

Front 28

What is the mechanism of action of barbiturates?

Back 28

Work at the GABA-A receptor but at different sites:
1) prolong the length of time GABA activated chloride channels remain open (more hyperpolarization)
2) Blocks voltage gated calcium channels
3) Direct inhibitory action on NMDA-type glutamate receptors

Front 29

Which barbiturate is used as an anesthetic?

Back 29

Thiopental

Front 30

Which barbiturate is used in treatment of epilepsy?

Back 30

Phenobarbital

Front 31

Eszopiclone trade name is:

Back 31

Lunesta

Front 32

Zaleplon trade name is:

Back 32

Sonata

Front 33

Zolpidem trade name is

Back 33

Ambien

Front 34

Eszopiclone, zaleplon, and zolpidem structure is/is not similar to BZD?

Back 34

Not similar to BZD

Front 35

Eszopiclone, zaleplon, and zolpidem all bind to benzodiazepine site on GABA-A receptors (T/F)

Back 35

True

Front 36

What are eszopiclone, zaleplon, and zolpidem all indicated for?

Back 36

Insomnia

Front 37

Do eszopiclone, zaleplon, and zolpidem have antiepileptic actions?

Back 37

No antiepileptic actions

Front 38

Why are eszopiclone, zaleplon, and zolpidem not an answer for chronic insomnia?

Back 38

Does not allow you to go through the stages of restorative sleep

Front 39

What is the mechanism of action of remelteon (Rozarem)

Back 39

Melatonin receptor agonist that binds and has action in the suprachiasmatic nucleus

Front 40

Remelteon is used for sleep onset or sleep maintenence?

Back 40

Sleep onset

Front 41

Melatonin is synthesized from what amino acid?

Back 41

Tryptophan

Front 42

Remelteon can or cannot elevate prolactin levels?

Back 42

Elevate prolactin levels

Front 43

Remelteon should or should not be used in patients with depression?

Back 43

Should not be used in patients with depression.