Pharm 12 Intro To Autonomic Drugs

Front 1

Structure or Ach

Back 1

Structure of Ach

Front 2

1) Synthesis of Ach
2)Enzymes responsible for the synthesis of Ach
3) Rate limiting step
4) How does choline get into cell

Back 2

1) Acetyl CoA + Choline --> Ach via 2)action of choline acetyl transferase
3) Choline
4) high affinity uptake system

Front 3

At the following tissue describe which channels Ach acts on and whether the effect is inhibitory or excitatory
a) skeletal m. b) smooth m. c) cardiac m.

Back 3

a) Increases Na and K conductance and in excitatory
b) Increase Na conductance, excitatory
c) Increases K conductance, inhibitory

Front 4

Butyrochlinesterase
1) Function
2) Found where?

Back 4

1) Break down Ach analogs
2) Found in blood and liver

Front 5

Ach Receptor Types:
1) Nicotinic
2) Muscarinic

Back 5

1) Multimeric glycoprotein, ionophore, like GABA
2) G protein, like adrenergic

Front 6

Describe Ach actions at the adrenal medulla

Back 6

Adrenal medulla receives direct pre-ganglionic Ach innervation and then releases Epi and NE

Front 7

Most sympathetic post ganglionic synapses do not use Ach, what is the exception?

Back 7

Sweat glands

Front 8

1)Where can you find uninervated Ach receptors?
2)What class are they?
3)How do they act?

Back 8

1) In vascular beds
2) Muscarinic
3) Binding to Ach causes the release of EDRF and NO which induce vasodilation

Front 9

Sites of action of NE

Back 9

1) Postganglionic sympathetic neurons
2) 10-15% of adrenal medulla action
3) CNS- locus ceruleus, modulatory NT

Front 10

Sites of action of Epi

Back 10

1) Mostly adrenal medulla: Comprises 85-90% NT released
2) Reticular formation of medulla in CNS

Front 11

Sites of Dopamine Action

Back 11

1) Mostly CNS, comprises over half of catecholamine content in CNS
Ex. Substantia niagra (Parkinson's related) and mesolimbic connections (motivation/reward pathways)

Front 12

Enzymes involved in the synthesis of epinephrine

Back 12

1) TH - Tyrosine hydroxylase (rate limiting) in axoplase
2) DDC - Dopa decarboxylase, in axoplasm
3) DBH - Dopamine beta hydroxylase, in storage vesicle
4) PNMT - methyltransferase in axoplasm

Front 13

Reserpine

Back 13

Inhibits DBH action because inhibits transfer of dopamine into storage vesicle

Front 14

Regulation of Tyrosine Hydroxylase action:
a) Activation
b) Inhibition

Back 14

a) Phophorylation
b) NE feedback inhibition

Front 15

VMAT

Back 15

pumps 90-95% NE into storage vesicles, inhibited by reserpine

Front 16

NET
a) Actions
b) Inhibitors

Back 16

a) Pumps NE out of synapse back into presynaptic terminal
b) Cocaine and imipramine (trycyclic antidepressent). Its action is reversed by amphetamines and tyramine as well

Front 17

MAO action on NE

Back 17

MAO degrades the NE left in the axoplasm

Front 18

OCT and COMT

Back 18

NE not picked up by NET can be transferred into the postsynaptic cell by OCT and then degraded by COMT