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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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High doses of ASA can cause "salicylism." What is "salicylism?"
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Tinnitus, decreased hearing
& vertigo |
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What are the effects of leukotrienes?
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(1) Chemotactic (eosinophils, neutrophils & macrophages);
(2)vascular permeability changes (3) bronchoconstriction |
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What are the three phases of inflammation?
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Acute Inflammation
Immune Response Chronic Inflammation |
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Describe the acute phase of inflammation
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It occurs as the initial response to injury.
The mediators are released. There is autocoid release of mediators - histamine, serotonin, bradykinin, prostaglandins, leukotrienes |
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What occurs during the immune response phase of inflammation?
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There is activation of immune cells and response to antigenic substances/ organisms followed by
acute or chronic inflammatory responses. Inflammation may be beneficial or harmful (chronic). |
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What occurs during the chronic phase of inflammation?
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Mediators of chronic inflammation are released -
IL-1, IL-2, IL-3 (interleukins); GM-CSF (Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor); TNF-a (tumor necrosis factor alpha); Interferons; PDGF (platelet-derived growth factor) |
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What are autocoid mediators released in response to inflammation?
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Histamine,
serotonin, bradykinin, prostaglandins & leukotrienes |
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What are the properties of ASA & other salicylates?
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Weak organic acids;
inhibit prostaglandin biosynthesis; may decrease free radicals production; may decrease superoxide production; may alter cellular cAMP concentration; probably do not affect the disease course |
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Among these mediators, what causes the most significant increase in vascular permeability:
(a)prostaglandins (b)serotonin (c)leukotrienes (d)bradykinin (e)They all have equivalent action |
(c) leukotrienes
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Mediator(s) in acute inflammation: pain -
(a)histamine (b)serotonin (c)leukotrienes (d)bradykinin (e) a & b (f)none of the above |
(d)bradykinin
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Mediator of chronic inflammation (for example rheumatoid arthritis)
(a)histamine (b)interleukin 1 (c)bradykinin (d)neuropeptides (e)serotonin |
b)interleukin 1
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Most nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs:
(a)inhibit prostaglandin biosynthesis b)are weak organic bases c)probably increase production of free radicals (d)are mainly associated with guanylyl cyclase interactions (e)all the above |
a)inhibit prostaglandin biosynthesis
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Initial drug of choice for treating most articular and musculoskeletal disorders (because of low-cost, safety, and efficacy):
(a)glucocorticoids (b)aspirin (c)diclofenac (d)indomethacin (e)phenylbutazone |
b)aspirin
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