Pharm 1

Front 1

Curare
- How does it work?
- How is it overcome?

Back 1

Attaches to MEP and blocks muscle contraction by preventing ACh from reaching the receptor.

Is a competitive blocker because blockade can be overcome by giving more ACh or use of a cholinesterase inhibitor

Front 2

Succinylcholine (Anectine R)
- How does it work?
- How can it be overcome?

Back 2

Blocks muscle contraction by depolarizing the MEP until it becomes unresponse to ACh

Non-competitive; must be metabolized by the body

Front 3

How do cholinesterase inhibitors function?

Back 3

Blocks the degradation of ACh by Cholinesterase, prolongs ACh, can be used as a treatment for curare

Front 4

Physostigmine
- Class of drug?

Back 4

Cholinesterase inhibitor

Front 5

Neostignine
- Class of drug?

Back 5

Cholinesterase inhibitor

Front 6

Atropine
- What does it do?
- What class of drug?
- What are side effects?

Back 6

Blocks muscarinic receptor (competitive antagonist) at the salivary glands

Class: Anticholinergic (Anti-parasympathetic)

Side effects: "hot as a hare, blind as a bat, dry as a bone, red as a beet, and mad as a hatter" and also

tachycardia, constipation, urinary retention

Front 7

Probanthine
- What is this drug similar to?
- What is this drug used for?

Back 7

Atropine

Used to treat ulcers by slowing down food movement, reducing acid

Front 8

Nerve gas
- What kind of drug is it?
- Where does it act?
- What are the effects?

Back 8

anticholinesterase inhibitor at the parasympathetic ganglionic site

SLUDGE: salivation, lacrimation, urination, defecation, grand male seizures, emesis

Front 9

Prazocin
- What it is used to treat?
- What class of drugs is it?
- How does it work?

Back 9

Treats high blood pressure
"Alpha Blocker" - directly blocks A1 receptor
Relaxes vessels

Front 10

How do antihypertensive drugs work?

Back 10

Deplete Norepinephrine stores or deplete its release from nerve terminals, affects A1 receptors

Front 11

What do B blockers treat?

Back 11

Angina, Hypertension, Cardiac arrhythymias, Migrane headaces

Front 12

What do amphetamine drugs do?

Back 12

Enhance the release or mimic the effects of NorEpi and Epi, will cause a mood elevating effect in the brain, increased BP, increased respiration, tachycardia

Front 13

What is chronotropy? Inotropy?

Back 13

Chronotropy - increased rate of heart
Inotropy - force of contraction of heart

Both under sympathetic B1 receptor control

Front 14

Keterolac (Toradol)
- What is it used for?
- What class of medications?
- How does it work?
- What is a potential side effect? When was this discovered?

Back 14

Kidney stone treatment, approved for short term use for pain
NSAID
Inhibits synthesis of prostaglandins
If you take for more than a few weeks, causes GI bleeds
phase 4 - no more than 5 days use

Front 15

Dexfenfluramine/phenteramine (FenPhen)

Back 15

Dexfenfluramine affects serotonin, Phenteramine is a stimulant

Chronic use causes pulmonary and heart problems

Pulled from market

Front 16

Cerivastatin (Baycol)
- What class of drug?
- When/why was it pulled?

Back 16

Statin

Too many myalgias and rhabdomyalgias (-> renal failure) (2001)

Front 17

How do statins work?

Back 17

They lower cholesterol by affecting the rate limiting step of cholesterol biosynthesis, HMG-CoA

Front 18

Rofecoxib (Vioxx)
- What was it used for?
- What class of drugs?
- When/why was it discontinued?

Back 18

Treats osteoarthritis, acute pain and causes fewer chronic ulcers and GI bleeds than Aleve
NSAID
Increased risk of heart attacks and strokes, 2004

Front 19

Bromfenact (Duract)
- What was it used for?
- When/why was it pulled?

Back 19

Mean to be for short term pain use.

During post-marketing surveillance; When used for chronic pain (>10 days) caused liver failure

Pulled from market