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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The patient's view of the cause (whether right or wrong) will likely impact the view on what treatment is appropriate
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Helman 2007
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Protestant work ethic makes one feel that working hard enough will bring about the desired outcome
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Kaufman
Therapy 'the battlegournd' to fight to restore body and self-unification |
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What are cultural maps?
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The view of the body, shared by the members of a particular cultural or social group
Influenced by media, doctors, etc. Ideas of the body - your idea of how the body works, what is meant by being disabled, what is beautiful, what is private (Helman) |
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What is the 'condition' when there is more than one self?
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Arda-angani (half body) in india
Half of body becomes painful when there are marital conflicts |
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Body maps - who did the study that showed how people's maps could be very mistaken?
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Boyle (1970)
Stomach in anus and all sorts |
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As we age, body parts are increasingly replaced, creating a conflict between body and self
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Helman
'Composite bodies' Ship of Theseus! |
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Japanese view of death
'Person' is a notion of communal (not individual) basis there It is a long process that can take several years |
Nudeshima
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Western societies are 'ego-centric' and view the boarders of the person as the skin
In western society, people are responsible for their own health |
Helman
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Name some CBSs
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Crise de foie, 'the bowels', heart distress (Iran) sinking heart (Punjab)
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No 'magic bullet' for chronic conditions'
Patients develop dual identity Chronic conditions responsible for their condition - lots of pressure with jobs, family etc. People use 'it' rather than 'my' disease Immediate specialists (A&E) seen with more prestige than chronic specialists (oncology) |
Helman
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'Hyper-tension' study (treatment unnecessary when relaxed)
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Blumhagen
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HTN being confused with 'high blood' (What does that mean?)
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Snow
Idea that amount of blood increases/decreases in proprortion to what kinds of food you eat Solve high blood by eating salty, acidic things (that would normally make HTN worse) |
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Body image - stoma bags affect the symmetry of the body. An intimate bodily function is made visible and can be very embarrassing - consider sexual intercourse
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Kelly
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FAQ on organ donation website 'Will the recipient also get the thoughts and memories of the donor'
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REMEMBER that you have philosophised and cogitated on a lot of the stuff covered here - take it back to basics and explore broad themes when doing PFI essay
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Some illnesses exist in certain cultures that offer a definition, diagnosis and management (people 'fitting into' ADHD
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Helman
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Sinking heart may just be a Punjabi communication of distress
Thought to be caused by excessive heat, exhaustion or worry about social failure |
Krause 1989
‘If my children get ill my heart will sink, and when the heart lets go you cannot achieve prosperity’ (Sikh in Bedford) |
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Koro in SE Asia
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Genitals retracting into the body
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Obesity is a CBS
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Ritenbaugh 82, baby!
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The absence of Western folk illnesses is due to an ETHNOCENTRIC BIAS from Western researchers. We experience our own culturally derived disease categories as real and question those categories in other cultures which we cannot intuitively understand
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Ritenbaugh 1982
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There has been no clear definition of a culture-bound syndrome
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Ritenbaugh 1982
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Biological data only describes a biological continuum.
Diseases are discrete categories that are imposed arbitrarily ON that biological continuum |
Ritenbaugh 1982
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Story of BME patients being anaemic when they werent
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Failure of forcing biomedical paradigm
Ritenbaugh 1982 |
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It is essential to conceptually separate biological data from biomedical categories, whilst retaining the ROLE of biologic data in our analysis of medical systems
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Understand that!
Ritenbaugh 82 |
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When we separate biologic data and biomedical categories, biomedicine becomes amenable to analysis
The biologic continuum is organised into different 'cultural categories' |
Ritenbaugh 82
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Each culture is unique, each population has a unique gene pool and environment - it is logical that each society may differ to a greater or lesser degree from all others in terms of its exact biologic pattern/disease category profile
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Ritenbaugh 82
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Ritenbaugh CBS definition
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Cannot be understood apart from its specific cultural context
Diagnosis relies on culture-specific technology and ideology Successful treatment is accomplished only by participants in that culture |
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The fact that biomedicine does not include culture in its basic EM leads to:
Failure to recognise CBSs within western cultures A redefinition of syndromes from other cultures in biomedical terms (they're mushed in there). As a result important cultural patterns become irrelevant to diagnosis or treatment |
Ritenbaugh 82
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The separation of the soma from the psyche in Western medicine has led to a view that the individual is not responsible for his/her illness
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Obesity is the result of overeating, not gluttony
A biomedical gloss for moral failings! Ritenbaugh 82 |
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Four main concepts of body image (Helman)
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Beliefs about:
Optimal shape and size Boundaries of the body The body's inner structure Beliefs about function |
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There is a 'plumbing model' of the body in Western medicine
'Letting off steam' 'the heart' |
Boyle
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Mind is software, body is hardware
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Turkle
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Western medicine has a strict time (monochronic) that is very directional (school, work, retirement)
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Helman
C.F. Ghana maybe time! |
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Impairment is organic damage
Disability is the social disadvantages imposed by society Because of this, impaired people do not need to be disabled |
Oliver
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