Personality Theory

Front 1

learning

Back 1

relatively permanent change in behavior, including mental operations, that occur as a result of experience

Front 2

philosophy of traditional behaviorists

Back 2

1. behavior is determeind by external stimuli
2. mental oprations are not important in determining behavior.

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associationist view of behavior

Back 3

the enviroment in most important factor influencing behavior
personality is the sum of all learned behaviors
you will continue to exhibit a behavior based on reward history
they treat the mind as empty
Stimulus -Response associations are explained by their pairing through time.

Front 4

overt response

Back 4

behavior

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covert response

Back 5

thoughts, feelings

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classical conditioning

Back 6

the association between 2 stimuli

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operant conditioning

Back 7

behavior that is followed by outcomes

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observational learning

Back 8

behavior that is motivated/un,otivated by wathcing others outcomes of the same behavior

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behaviorism

Back 9

the only vaild way to know about somebody is to watch what a person does.

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functional analysis

Back 10

a goal of behaviorism that will map out exactly how behavior is a function of ones enviornment.

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empiricism

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the idea that all knowledge comes from experience

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associationism

Back 12

the claim that any two things including ideas become mentally associated into one if they are repeadedly experienced close together intime.

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hedonism

Back 13

he claim in behaviorism that people learn for 2 reasosn- to seek pleasure and avoid pain

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habituation

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when an intital stimulus provokes aresponse, and evenutally the response diminishes (car alarm)

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learned helplessness

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eventually with inconsisten rewards and punishment the person will beleive that noting the person does will make a difference/associated wiht depression

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S-R conception of peronality

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princiapla of classical conditioning -Wtson was a proponet. Simulus - Response

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respondent conditioning

Back 17

technice of classical conditioning not liked by skinner - conditioned response id passive wiht no impact of its own,

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opreant conditioning

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the animal learnes to operate in its own world in such a way as to change it to that animals advantage

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reinforcement

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a good thing that follows behavior

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punishment

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an aversive consequence that follows an act in order to stop it and prevent its repition

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dangers of punishment

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1. punishment arouses emotion, possibly causing further agressive impulses
2. its difficult to be consistent
3. its difficult to gauge the severity of the punishment
4. punishment teaches about power
5. punishment motivates concealment

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social learnign theory

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learning that recognized behaviors based on motivations, cognitions and thoughts.

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habit hierarchy

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the behavior you are mopst likely to preform at a given moment resides at the top of your habit hierarchy. .... you are doing what your doing because its on the top of your priorities,

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drive

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state of psychological tension that feels good when its reduced

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primary drive

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the drive for insticts- like food water, comfort, lack of pain

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secondary drive

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love, prestiege, money, power, avoidance of fear and humiliation

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fristratin aggression hypothesis

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the natural biologial reaction of any person to being blocked from a goal, or frustrated , will lash out and injure.

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approach avoidance conflict

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the conflict between desire and fear and how it can change over time.

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expectancy

Back 29

coined by rotter-an individuals beleif about how likely it seems that the berhavior will attain its goal(more about goal attainment)

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efficacy expectaions

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coined by bandurs (same as rotters)except focues on - the preceived probability that you can do something in the first place

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reciprocal determinism

Back 31

part of banduras social learing theory- an analysis of how people shape their enviornment, by their presence

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stimulus

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somrthing that sitmulates or arouses a preson into action of any form

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conditioned

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learned

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unconditioned stimulus (UCS)

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the stimulus that elicits a response wihtout conditioning or training

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unconditioned response (UCR)

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the automantic or unleared response to the to the unconditioned stimulus

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conditioned response (CR)

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thr response that occurs as a result of training

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conditioned stimulus (CS)

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the neutral stimulus that is paired wiht the unconditioned stimulus

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aquisition

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the process of building up a a connection between the CS and CR

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reinforcement

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the more pairings between the CS and UCS the strongerthe connection between the 2 of them

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behavior viewpoint about how conditionign occurs

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the closness in time of the 2 events

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cognitve viewpoint on how conditioning occurs

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an expectaion of what will come wiht the CS is built up in memory0 the CS will have a predictive value for the person/animal

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Rescorta Rat experiement

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rats effectively predicted a bell would warn for a shock - on the 9th trial all of the rats ran after the bell rang.

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genaralization

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when a certain stimuli elictis a CR stuff similar to the stimuli will also elicit a cr- like the rabbit.....and white furry things

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dicrimination

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distinguishing between the origianl stimili and other similar stimuli

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extinction

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the process of weakening the associatin between the cs and cr

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thorndieks law of effect

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responses that lead to a saisfing state of affars tend to be repeated, responses that do notlead to a satisfying state of affairs tend not to be repeated,

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respondent behavior

Back 47

the responde resulting from classical conditioning,

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positive reinforcer

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an event that increases a behavior if it is given to or added to the enviornemnt

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negative reinforcer

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and event that increases a behavior if its is taken away or subtracted from the enviornment

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postivie punisher

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an event that decreases a behavior if it is added to the enviornement

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nevative punisher

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an event that decreases abehavior if it is taken away from the enviornemt

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continuous reinforcement

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reinforcent that id given everytime fowllowing a behavior

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partial reinfocement

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reinforcement that is given only someof the time