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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Personality |
characteristics, emotional responses, thoughts & behavior that are relatively stable over time & across circumstances |
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Types |
discrete categories that describe the person globally |
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Traits |
specific trait dimensions; people vary in the extent to which they possess specific traits |
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The Five-Factor Theory of Personality |
across cultures & over the lifespan, there are 5 main traits that can be used to describe personality |
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Extraversion |
talkative, assertive & energetic, one of the big five |
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Agreeableness |
good-natured, cooperative & truthful, can be gullible, one of the big five |
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Conscientiousness |
orderly, responsible, dependable & self-disciplined, one of the big five |
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Neuroticism |
not calm, neurotic, easily upset & emotional instability, one of the big five |
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Openness to Experience |
imaginative, independent & willingness to try new things, one of the big five |
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Genetics |
40-60% of heritability of big five, identical twins raised together are more different than if they were raised apart but converge back as they age & brain is influenced by our experiences but if there are few or none then it must be because of genetics |
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Stability |
evidence of stability & change, personality is stable over time, data came from studying people over decades of their lives & conscientiousness people increases in stability over time |
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Relation to Health |
if people have high conscientiousness are in better health, good to doctors, don't over eat, if people are highly neurotic they tend to have low health (mental & physical) & stressed, depressed & low self esteem |
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Observing in Others |
easy to observe in others (big five), extraversion is easier to spot, hard to spot neuroticism & friends can pick up easily on openness to experience |
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Animal Personality |
are able to see changes in dogs, primates, octopus, orangutans, donkeys, pigs & Reeses monkeys & can spot extraversion, agreeableness & neuroticism |
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Temperament |
biologically based tendencies to feel or act a certain way |
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Inhibition |
reactive, parenting & environment can contribute to changes in behavior over time & genetic predisposition is hard to change |
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Extraversion/Introversion |
arousability, their are differences in amount of arousal/how long it takes between extraverts & introverts & introverts have more arousal |
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Genetic |
brain is influenced by our experiences but if there are few or none then it must be because of genetics |
