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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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There are 4 types of penicillins. What are they? |
First pencilins Beta-lactamase-resistant penicillins Broad-spectrum penicillins Extended-spectrum penicillins |
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Benzylpenicillin (G penicillin) -IV or IM. Phenoxmethylpenicillin (V penicillin) - Orally |
Benzylpenicillin (G penicillin) -IV or IM Phenoxmethylpenicillin (V penicillin) - Orally |
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What penicillins are resistant to B-lactamase? |
Methicillin Flucloxacillin Temocillin |
ميثا، تيمو، فلو (زكمة) |
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Give examples of the broad-spectrum penicillins. |
Amoxicillin Ampicillin Aminopenicillins |
Am |
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Give examples of anti-pseudomonas penicillins. |
Ticarcillin Piperacillin |
The extended-spectrum penicillins تكا و فلفل |
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Amoxicillin & Ticarcillin are sometimes given in combination with what? |
With the B-lactamase inhibitor clavulanic acid. |
Co-amoxiclav |
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Can penicillins cross the BBB? |
Only if the meninges are inflamed. |
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Describe the elimination of penicillins. |
Occurs rapidly & is mainly renal, 90% tubular secretion. |
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To treat bacterial meningitis caused by neisseria meningitidis or by streptococcus pneumoniae, which penicillin you will use? |
Benzylpenicillin ( High dose IV) |
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Bone & joint infections caused by S. aureus are treated with which penicillin? |
Flucloxacillin |
B-lactamase-resistant penicillin |
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Skin & soft tissue infections caused by S. aureus or by S. Pyrogens are treated with which penicillins? |
Benzylpenicillin, Flucloxacillin, animal bites: Co-amoxiclav. |
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Pharyngitis caused by S. Pyogenes is treated with which penicillin? |
Phenoxymethylpenicillin (Penicillin V) |
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Which organisms can cause otitis media? |
S. Pyogenes, Haemophilus influenzae. |
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Which penicillin is used to treat otitis media? |
Amoxicillin |
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Which penicillin is used to treat pneumonia? |
Amoxicillin |
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Which penicillin is used to treatment bronchitis? |
Amoxicillin |
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Which penicillin is used for UTIs? |
Amoxicillin |
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Which penicillin is used to treat gonorrhoea? |
Amoxicillin |
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List the indications of amoxicillin. |
Otitis media Pneumonia Bronchitis UTIs Gonorrhoea |
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Which penicillin is used for Treponema pallidum? |
Porcine benzylpenicillin |
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Endocarditis caused by S. Viridans or Enterococcus Faecalis is treated with what? |
High-dose IV benzylpenicillin sometimes with aminoglycoside. |
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Serious infections with Pseudomonas aeruginosa are treated with what? |
Ticarcillin or piperacillin |
Extended-spectrum penicillins |
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What adverse effects are associated with penicillins? |
Hypersensitivity reactions: Rashes Fever Serum sickness Acute anaphylactic shock Also, suprainfection by disturbance of bacterial flora in the gut (when given orally) leading to pseudomembranous colitis. |
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Can you give penicillins to patients with severe renal insufficiency? |
Yes, but you have to reduce the dose. |
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Probenecid how does it affect penicillins? |
Increase the blood levels of penicillins by inhibiting renal tubular secretion of penicillin. |
Note: Probenecid is given with amoxicillin to treat gonorrhoea. |
