Peds Shelf 1

Front 1

Another name for Henoch-Schonlein purpura

Back 1

Anaphylactoid purpura

Front 2

Rx for encopresis

Back 2

Behavioral modification and reassurance

If retentive, also must clear mass + stool softeners for 3-6mo

Front 3

What are genu varum and Blount disease?

Back 3

Bowed legs; latter is if persists past 2yo

Front 4

What is Legg-Calve-Perthes disease + most common presentation?

Back 4

Avascular necrosis of the femoral head

Painlses limp

Front 5

Limp in overweight adolescents

Back 5

Slipped acpital femoral epiphysis

Front 6

What is Osgood-Schlatter disease + treatment?

Back 6

Repeated microfracture of tibial tubercle at insertion of patellar tendon

Overuse injury w/ swelling and knee pain

Rest

Front 7

Fever, erythema, extremely tender skin, Nikolsky sign, facial crusting

Back 7

Staphylococcal scalded skin disease

Front 8

Rx for human bite

Back 8

Hospitalization for antibitoics and debridgement + healing by secondary intention (granulation)

Front 9

Where are Baker cysts, and how are they managed?

Back 9

Popliteal cysts; observation, typically resolve over several years, surgery if associated symptoms

Front 10

Rx for lice

Back 10

1% lindane, except in babies (risk of neurotoxicity from transdermal absorption, so use 1% permethrin (Nix))

Front 11

Hole in the tympanic membrane and prurulent drainage

Back 11

Acute otitis media

Front 12

White polyp extending thru tympanic membrane

Back 12

Cholesteatoma (congenital or acquired): small sac lined w/ epithelium-containing debris

Can present in childern w/ recurrent otitis media

Front 13

When does umbilical cord normally separate, and what counts as delayed separation?

Back 13

10-14 days post birth

>1mo

Front 14

Cause of delayed separation

Back 14

Leukocyte adhesion deficiency

Front 15

Rx for umbilical granuloma

Back 15

Silver nitrate

Front 16

Omphalocele is covered by -__ but no ___

Back 16

Peritoneum
Skin

Front 17

Best booster vaccine at 14yo

Back 17

Tdap (tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid, acellular pertussis)

Front 18

Rx for mammalian bites

Back 18

Irrigation and cleaning
If infant, diabetic, or i/c, antibiotic prophylaxis

Front 19

Long face, large ears, prominent jaw, macroorchidism, hypotonia, repetitive speech, gaze avoidance, hand flapping, mental retardation

Back 19

Fragile X syndrome

Front 20

Inheritance pattern of fragile X syndrome

Back 20

Dominant X-linked disorder w/ reduced penetrance in females

Front 21

Friendly, hypercalcemia, short, blue irides, cardiopulmonary abnormalities

Back 21

Williams syndrome (ch. 7)

Front 22

Yellow-white lesions w/ surroudning erythema + eosinophils in newborn

Back 22

Erythema toxicum

Front 23

Flat vesicular lesions (splotchy red rash) on nape of neck, eyelids, etc., may persist

Back 23

Salmon patch (nevus simplex)

Front 24

Pustules --> hyperpigmented lesion upon rupture

Back 24

Pustular melanosis

Front 25

Yellow-orange sharply edged hairless lesions on head and neck of infants

Back 25

Sebaceous nevi

Front 26

Yellowish white, 1-2mm cysts scattered over the face and gingivae of the neonate

Back 26

Milia (on the palate, called Epstein pearls)

Front 27

Small, firm, white, cold patches of skin in exposed areas and treatment

Back 27

Frostnip

Rewarm before numb

Front 28

Progression and complications of frostbite

Back 28

Stinging --> aching --> numb
Once rewarmed --> red, blotchy, painful

Gangrene may develop

Front 29

Small ulcerated lesions on exposed areas

Back 29

Chillblains

Front 30

Destruction of fat cells caused by exposure to cold weather or a cold object

Back 30

Cold panniculitis

Front 31

Deficiencies: cheilosis, glossitis, ocular problems (keratitis, conjunctivitis, corneal vascularization), seborrheic dermatitis

Back 31

Riboflavin deficiency

Front 32

Deficiencies: seizures, peripheral neuritis, dermatitis, microcytic anemia

Back 32

Vita B6 deficiency

Front 33

Four signs of folate deficiency

Back 33

Megaloblastic anemia, glossitis, pharyngeal ulcers, impaired immunity

Front 34

Deficiencies: pellagra

Back 34

Niacin

Front 35

Deficiencies: dermatitis/ seborrhea

Back 35

Biotin

Front 36

Congenital abnormality with bushy eyebrows, hirsutism, limb defects, VSD, mental retardation

Back 36

Cornelia de Lange syndrome

Front 37

Painful limp with normal/mildly elevated WBC and ESR (+ recent URI)

Back 37

Transient synovitis (self-limited)

Front 38

How soon should NAC be given for acetaminophen poisoning?

Back 38

16 hours

Front 39

Rx for salicylate poisoning

Back 39

Acetazolamide, IV sodium bicarb (hemodialysis if needed)

Front 40

Toxicity: oculogyric crisis, tremors, torticollis, dysphagia

Back 40

Phenothiazine

Front 41

Rx for phenothiazine ingestion

Back 41

Benadryl (IV or IM)

Front 42

Rx for iron intoxication (GI symptoms + CV collapse)

Back 42

Deferoxamine

Front 43

Rx for methanol intoxication

Back 43

Induce emesis or gastric lavage
IV ethanol
Hemodialysis if severe

Front 44

Excess vitamins: hyperostosis (excess bone growth), hepatomegaly, increased CSF pressure, dry skin

Back 44

Vitamin A

Front 45

Excess vitamins: skin flushing and pruritis (long-term tachycardia, liver damage, hyperglycemia/uricemia)

Back 45

Nicotinic acid (vasodilator)

Front 46

Excess vitamins; kidney stones, diarrhea, cramps

Back 46

Vitamin C

Front 47

Excess vitamins: nausea, diarrhea, weight loss, polyuria, soft tissue calcification

Back 47

Vitamin D

Front 48

Excess vitamins: sensory neuropathy with altered sensation of touch, pain, and fever

Back 48

Pyridoxine (B6)

Front 49

What does the nitroblue tetrazolium test look for?

Back 49

Chronic granulomatous disease (predilection to infection with catalase positive organisms)

Front 50

Thrombocytopenia, recurrent infections, ezcema

Back 50

Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome

Front 51

Heart defects, abnormal facies, hypocalcemia, thymic aplasia

Back 51

DiGeorge syndrome (CATCH)

Front 52

Test for DiGeorge syndrome

Back 52

Intradermal skin test w/ Candida albicans (will have no result b/c of T cell deficiency)

Front 53

Consequences of congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation (CCAM)

Back 53

Cystic illness, compression of affected lung --> pulmonary hypoplasia (Rx is surgical excision of affected lobe)

Front 54

Pharyngitis, fever w/ severe sore throat, refusal of food, drooling, noisy breathing

Back 54

Retropharyngeal abscess

Front 55

Fluctuant mass on neck palpation + sore throat

Back 55

Retropharyngeal abscess

Front 56

Rx for chlamydial infection in newborns

Back 56

Oral macroles (azithromycin): treats both conjunctivitis and pneumonia

Front 57

Acid-base abnormality in tension pneumo

Back 57

Uncompensated respiratory acidosis w/ hypoxia but no metabolic acidosis

Front 58

Rx for bronchiolitis

Back 58

Monitor fluid status/ oxygenation

Front 59

Infants born to moms w/ gestational DM are at risk for these respiratory problems

Back 59

Peripheral nerve injuries (Erb-Duchenne, phrenic nerve paralysis) --> asymmetric diaphragmatic motion in seesaw manner on chest US

Front 60

Rx for gas, kerosene, or furniture polish inhalation (hydrocarbons -->dyspnea, cyanosis, respiratory failure)

Back 60

ABG/ pulse ox, intubation if necessary

Front 61

Recurrent "pneumonias," hemoptysis, digital clubbing, anemia

Back 61

Idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis

Front 62

Diagnostic method for idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis

Back 62

BAL w/ hemosiderin-laden macrophages

Front 63

Idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis and hypersensitivity to cow's milk + Rx

Back 63

Heiner syndrome (Rx: remove cow's milk from diet)

Front 64

Newborn w/ respiratory distress that improves with crying

Back 64

Choanal atresia

Front 65

Croup presentation + fever, toxic appearance, biphasic stridor

Back 65

Bacterial tracheitis

Front 66

Rx for bacterial tracheitis

Back 66

Intubation + IV Abx

Front 67

Comon infection in dirt-eating children

Back 67

Visceral larva migrans from Toxocara canis (common parasite of dogs)

Front 68

Rx for sinusitis

Back 68

Oral Abx for 10-14d

Front 69

When are sinuses large enough to be infected?

Back 69

Maxillary/ ethymoid: infancy
Sphenoid: 3-5yo
Frontal: 6-10yo

Front 70

Drooling, avoidance of foods, cough, choking

Back 70

Foreign object in esophagus

Front 71

Rx for ear infection

Back 71

Amoxicillin 40mg/kg BID, i.e. 80mg/kg daily (high dose for good penetration)

Front 72

Polyps and eosinophilia on nasal smear

Back 72

Allergic rhinitis

Front 73

Respiratory acidosis w/ metabolic compensation

Back 73

Points to chronic airway obstruction, e.g. from hypertrophied tonsils or adenoids

Front 74

Ingestions: lethargy, cma, seizures, widened QRS/BBB

Back 74

TCA poisoning

Front 75

Ingestions: N, V, diaphoresis, RUQ pain

Back 75

Tylenol

Front 76

Rx for TCA ingestion

Back 76

ICU admit, TCA Fab Ab

Front 77

Rx for methanol ingestion

Back 77

Ethanol

Front 78

Jones criteria: major

Back 78

Carditis, arthritis, erythema marginatum, chorea, subQ nodules

Front 79

Jones criteria: minor

Back 79

Arthralgias, fever, Hx of rheumatic fever, increased ESR or CRP, increased WBC, anemia, prolonged PR and QT

Front 80

Tetrology of Fallot

Back 80

VSD
RVH
RV outflow obstruction (pulm stenosis)
Dextroposition of the aorta

Front 81

Transposition of the great vessels often has these other 2 abnormalities

Back 81

PFO, hypoplastic L heart syndrome

Front 82

When should kids w/ FH of early onset CHD be screened hypercholesterolemia?

Back 82

2yo

Front 83

Edema around neck + FH

Back 83

Hereditary angioedema

Front 84

Turner's is associated w/ this cardiac condition

Back 84

Aortic coarctation

Front 85

Down's Syndrome is associated w/ this cardiac condition

Back 85

VSD/ endocardial cushion defects

Front 86

Marfan's is associated with these cardiac conditions

Back 86

Aortic dilation, AR, MR

Front 87

Risk of congenital heart disease in population, w/ 1 child, w/ 2 children

Back 87

1%, 2-6%, 20-30%

Front 88

Murmur of VSD

Back 88

Harsh or blowing holosystolic best along L lower sternal border

Front 89

2 most common causes of myocarditis

Back 89

Adenovirus and coxsackie virus B

Front 90

Heart rate >250 beats/min indicates

Back 90

Tachyarrhythmia (up to 200 can be CHF from many causes)

Front 91

3 first-line treatments for SVT + 1 second-line

Back 91

Vagal stimulation with:
Carotid massage
Immersion of face in cold water
Voluntary straining
2nd line: IV adenosine

Front 92

Quadruple rhythm (S3 + S4) + TR + middiastolic murmur at lower left sternum

Back 92

Ebstein anomaly

Front 93

What is the Ebstein anomaly

Back 93

Downward displacement of the tricuspid valve

Front 94

Hypoplastic LV --> LAD and LVH is seen in this valvular disease

Back 94

Tricuspid atresia

Front 95

Congenital heart disease w/ marked, fluffy appearing venous congestion (snowman) on CXR

Back 95

Total anomalous pulmonary venous return

Front 96

Early cyanosis, normal sized heart, RAD and RVH

Back 96

Transposition of the great vessels

Front 97

Thrombocytopenia, bilateral absence of radius, abnormal thumbs, TOF and/or ASD

Back 97

Thrombocytopenia absent radius syndrome

Front 98

Short, downslanting palpebral fissues, ptosis, low set malformed ears, webbed neck, shieldlike chest, pulmonic stenosis, cryptorchidism, mental retardation

Back 98

Noonan Syndrome (male Turner Syndrome, seen in both sexes)

Front 99

Noonan syndrome is associated w/

Back 99

Advanced paternal age

Front 100

Main complication of neonatal lupus

Back 100

Congenital heart block (permanent, usually requires pacing); most other manifestations are self-resolved