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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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•Cephalocaudal development
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development proceeds from the center of the body out to extremities, head developes first, from large and complex to simple
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Proximodistal development
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development proceeds from the center of the body outward to the extremities
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Influences on Development: Genetics
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ht, wt, rate of growth
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Influences on Development
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•Genetics
•Parental influences •Family structure •Socioeconomic influences •Culture •Environment: media, school, community |
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Rules of 3
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•3 months: may roll over
•6 months: sit well, may begin to crawl •9 months: may pull self to standing •12 months: may begin to walk |
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Important milestones/timeline
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•1st 6 months gains 6 oz/wk
•doubles birth wt at 6months • triples birth wt at 1 yr •teething begins around 6 months •uses pincer grasp well at 9 months |
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Important milestones/timelines
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•Start soft foods around 6 months
•may say “mama” or “dada” at 9 months •cup feed by 12 mo •anterior fontanel closes around 12 - 18 mo •Stranger anxiety |
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How is brain growth measured?
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head circumference
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How much energy(kcal) do infants need daily?
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108 kcal/kg/day
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When do we introduce food? What kinds?
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around 6 mos, fruits and vegtables.
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What is FTT? What types are there?
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Failure to Thrive.
Types: organic=malabsorbtion inorganic=maternal deprovation |
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Fluid req for a newborn?
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1.5ml/kcal used.
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Why introduce soft foods @ 6mos
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need added iron due to maternal stores being depleted.
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1-3 years is...
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Toddler hood
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What are signs of toddlehood?
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•20 deciduous teeth
•2 y/o can build a tower of 4 blocks •Can undress self •Jumps, kicks, walks up and down stairs •Parallel play •may have physiologic anorexia •Negativism “N O” •Object permanence •Temper Tantrums!! |
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Stranger anxiety starts/lasts?
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7mos/3yrs.
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When is a child ready for potty training?
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can walk up and down the stairs
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Parallel play?
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each child plays beside another child but not with, group play
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Physiological anorexia
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Wants one food all the time.
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Good way to test object permanance
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peek a boo
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Best way to deal with t tatrums
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ignore them
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3-6 years
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Preschooler
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Signs of a preschooler
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•Associative play
•Uses scissors, draws circle, cross •Eats with utensils •Loves hospital play ,dolls, imitative dress-up play •Imaginary friends •Vocabulary grows from 300 words to 2100! •Fear of genitalia mutilation |
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Associate play
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children play together but wit no goal, org, division of labor, or leadership assignment.
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6 - 12 yr
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School age child
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signs of a school age child
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•School is Important: sense of industry
•deciduous teeth fall out, permanent come in •Can regress during illness •Aware of body image •Peer pressure- want to be the same |
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Peer pressure
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all want to look the same
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School age child: 6 - 12 yr
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want to please the parents
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12-18 yrs
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• Puberty
•Skills well developed •Need 2000 -3000 cal/day •Seeking independence •Moral and value development •Identity development •Intimacy •Risk takers |
