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58 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
what is it
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circumvallate: abnormal shape to placenta, marginal fold of the chorion and projection of villous tissue beyound endge of chorion plate, valley between membranes and fetal surface of placenta
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what is it
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accessory, or succenturiate, lobe of the placenta, promotes bleeding
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placenta
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for review - no fold to membranes in circummarginate
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what is it
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false knot
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placenta
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amnion nodusum: associated with oligohydramnios
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placenta
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amnion nodusum: associated with oligohydramnios
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placenta
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squamous metaplasia - can look like amnion nodosum
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placenta
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acute chorioamnionitis
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placenta
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listeria - can see intervillous abscesses microscopically
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acute villitis - what bugs
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e coli, GBS
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chronic active villitis - bugs (5)
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non-syphylitic spirochetes, GNRs, Rickettsiae, HSV, VZV
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placenta
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meconium - patchy infiltrates on CXR (chemical pneumonitis) slimy and brown
on micro: amnion starts to degenerate, then you know it's real; can get skin and nail discoloration on child |
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placenta
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for review
subamniotic hematoma - no consequence chronic subchorionic plaques - no consequence look in decidua for pre-eclampsia (decrease blood flow with placental infarcts, maternal atherosis- vacuolated and degeneration and smooth muscle persistence - after 29 weeks) |
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placenta
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hematoma (intraparenchymal) - from fetal blood, in between villi
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placenta
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abruptio - indentation of placenta
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placenta
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CMV - torch
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placenta
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maternal floor infarction (massive perivillous fibrinoid deposition)
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twins
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for review
monozygotic but divides <3 days dichorionic, diamniotic monozygotic splits 3-8 days monochorionic, diamnionitic >8 days monochorionic monoamnionitic (50% mortality) if monochorionic - look for anatomoses, know you have a monozygotic twin |
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twin type
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monozygotic
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placenta
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chorioma
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placenta
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chorioangiosis - criteria: >10 villi in clusters containing >10 capillaries per villus; associated with placenta hypoxia (see in Andes)
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placenta
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partial mole - one maternal, two paternal, can have fetal parts; dimorphic villi; trophoblastic inclusions
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what is it
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spina bifida - malformation; myelomenigocele
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what is it
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amniotic bands - disruption - amnion is sticky
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what is it
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deformation, club foot
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what is it
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potter sequence (sequence is group of abnormalities which occurred due to single condition)
fx include: oligohydramnios, low set ears, depressed nasal buds, club foot, contractures b/c renal malformaiton - oligohydramnios- etc. |
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what syndrome: exophthalmos, macroglossia, giantism, craniofacial abnormalities, microcephaly, hemihypertrophy, omphalocele, neonatal hypoglycemia, organomegaly, cytomegaly of adrenal cortex, islet cell pancreas, predisposition to malignant tumors
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beckwith-wiedemann
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what syndrome
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beckwith-wiedemann***
exophthalmos, macroglossia, giantism, craniofacial abnormalities, microcephaly, hemihypertrophy, omphalocele, neonatal hypoglycemia, organomegaly, cytomegaly of adrenal cortex, islet cell pancreas, predisposition to malignant tumors |
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cytogenetic abnormalities in beckwith-wiedemann
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dysregulation of imprinted genes in 11p15
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maligancies for which beckwith-wiedemann syndrome is associated
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wilms, adrenocortical ca, hepatoblastoma, gonadoblastoma, brain stem glioma
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what syndrome
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alagille - AD, liver, heart and kidney affected
facial - recessive, saddle nose |
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what syndrome
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patau, czome 13 (trisomy)
Palate (cleft), Proboscis, Punched out scalp, low set ears, polydactyl four ps and and e |
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what syndrome
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edwards, 18, rocker bottom feet, barrel chest, low set ears with pointed upper helix
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sx of cri du chat
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small for gestational age
laryngeal hypoplasia MR hypotonia del 5p |
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sx of klinefelters
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for review - tall, aractodactyl
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what is it, where found
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cystic hygroma in turners
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most common abnormalities in embryo
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Neural tube
Cleft lip Limb defects |
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fetal defects (just read)
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Neural tube defects (spina bifida)
Amnion Rupture Sequence (amniotic bands) Cervical Cystic Hygromas (turners) Omphalocele (b-w syndrome) Genitourinary * Hydrops Fetalis (ABO incompatibility, etc) Contractures and Pterygia Cleft Lip and Palate (patau) Congenital Heart Defects * |
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two common czomal abnormalities for CHD
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22q11 and trisomy 21
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what is it, what associated with
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coarctation aorta, turners, can survive a couple of days before closure of PDA if in right spot
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what is it
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tetralogy of fallot - anterior displacement of infundibular septum;
pulmonary infundibular stenosis (outflow obstruction) overriding aorta VSD RV hypertrophy if fifth - ASD |
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common factors causing asymmetric IUGR
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Toxemia, chronic hypertension, narcotics,
alcohol, cigarettes, antimetabolite rx., dilantin |
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common birth trauma factors
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Clavicular fracture, brachial plexus injury, etc.
Intracranial hemorrhage Tear in falx, tentorium, or brain substance |
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squamous metaplasia vs
aminion nodusum |
sm - insertion site
an - peripheral and picks off easily |
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maternal arteriole in decidua
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loses smooth muscle
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leading up to funitis (which one first)
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vein before arteries (2)
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candida in placenta
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microabscesses on umbilical cord
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associations: fetal thrombotic arteriopathy in placenta
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protein c and s deficiency; thrombus in chorionic plate vessels and avascular villi - problem with fetal circulation
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hemorrhage endovasculosis; venous stasis
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problem in umbilical cord; hemorrhage in villi
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chronic villitis
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TORCH
placental malaria (granular pigment between villi) |
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recurrent pregnancy loss 3 causes
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chronic villitis of unknown etiology (GVD-like)
massive chronic intervillitis - mononuclear infiltrate maternal floor "infarction" - exaggerated perivillous fibrin |
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smith-lenle-opis
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defect in cholesterol synthesis
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prune belly syndrome
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pcos?
lack of abdominal wall muscles |
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type of chd commonly found in trisomy 21
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endocardial cushion defects
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common associated with CHD, czomal d/o
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e.g. del 22
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single umbilical artery most commonly associated with
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CHD
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most common CHD (top 5)
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tetrology of fallot
transposition of great arteries coarctation of aorta vsd pda |
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VSD where most occur
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most common - membranous
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