Pec Final 1

Front 1

Diets exceeding _____ grams of protein damage kidney function

Back 1

1.1-1.4

Front 2

Iron helps form

Back 2

hemoglobin and myoglobin

Front 3

Dehydration _____ of body weight impairs physical performance.

Back 3

Greater than 2%

Front 4

Vitamins and minerals _____ have ergogenic value in amounts beyond the RDA.

Back 4

DO NOT

Front 5

Drinking to much fluid

Back 5

Hyponatremia

Front 6

The rate of gastric emptying during exercise _____ with larger fluid volumes...

Back 6

decreases
FALSE

Front 7

The rate of gastric emptying during exercise is _____ with cooler fluids

Back 7

slower
FALSE

Front 8

With constant composition and exercise, VO2max decreases _____ per decade rather than _____ per decade normally attributed to aging

Back 8

5-9%
20%
FALSE

Front 9

Strength gains are significant for women b/c of hypertrophy adaptions to training

Back 9

FALSE, should read neural adaptions to training

Front 10

Total lung volume capacity decreases with age

Back 10

FALSE
It doesn't have to decrease

Front 11

This axis runs from the head to the feet

Back 11

Longitudinal axis

Front 12

"in" refers to

Back 12

medial

Front 13

Opens a joint angle in teh sagittal plane

Back 13

extension

Front 14

"lump" on a bone for soft tissue attachment

Back 14

Process

Front 15

Indention/Depressed Area

Back 15

fossa

Front 16

Cancellous bone

Back 16

Epiphysis

Front 17

Phalanges are closest to this anatomical location

Back 17

Distal carpals

Front 18

Most articular surface area in the wrist

Back 18

Radius

Front 19

In the relaxed state, the diaphragm is

Back 19

Superiorly Domed

Front 20

Greatest surface area muscle

Back 20

Lats

Front 21

Bondaries of sarcomere

Back 21

z line

Front 22

The smaller bundles of muscle fibers are called

Back 22

fasciculi

Front 23

Bones are surrounded by the

Back 23

perimysium

Front 24

_____ of body divides body into L and R sections

Back 24

mid-line

Front 25

Verticle planes that pass through the center of gravity

Back 25

Cardinal Plane

Front 26

_____ is not a function of the skeletal system

Back 26

Stability

Front 27

Surrounds a bone and provides nourishment and bone cell development

Back 27

Periosteum

Front 28

Hormonal "_____" refers to increasing the amount of circulating hormone

Back 28

Up regulation
FALSE

Front 29

Not a hormone, but mediates the effects of other hormones

Back 29

Prostaglandis

Front 30

Releases erythropoietin and renin

Back 30

Kidneys

Front 31

"Anatomical Dead Space"

Back 31

Conduction Zone

Front 32

_____ alters intropulmonary pressure during veentilation

Back 32

Diaphragm

Front 33

There are _____ true ribs

Back 33

7

Front 34

Artia are/are not divided by interventricular septum

Back 34

ARE NOT

Front 35

_____ is not involved in respiration

Back 35

Rectus abdominis

Front 36

CO2 in transported via

Back 36

bicarbonate

Front 37

An increase in _____ and a decrease in _____ will facilatate the unloading of O2 at target tissues

Back 37

pH
Temperature
FALSE

Front 38

Shortness of breath in unconditioned athletes

Back 38

Dypsnea

Front 39

Attempt to "blow off" CO2 to alter ventilation patterns

Back 39

Hyperventilation

Front 40

Increase in thoracic pressure by holding one's breath

Back 40

valsalva

Front 41

Ventilatory energy requirements are _____ at rest and _____ at max exercise

Back 41

2%
15%

Front 42

Partial pressure of N2 at sea level

Back 42

600mmHg

Front 43

ADH responds to an

Back 43

increase in blood osmolarity

Front 44

Aldosterone is stimulated by the production of _____, which in turn evolves from renin

Back 44

Angiotension II

Front 45

Aging and physical inactivity results in a

Back 45

decrease in type II muscle fiber percentage

Front 46

Skeletal muscle at rest requires _____ of cardiac output and _____ at max exercise.

Back 46

20%
80%

Front 47

BP measure by taking pressure against vessels at its high point

Back 47

Systolic Blood Pressure

Front 48

Stroke volume is/is not determined by hematocrit

Back 48

IS NOT

Front 49

_____ does not bring blood back to the heart

Back 49

Valsalva

Front 50

The female athlete triad doesn't consist of high

Back 50

hematocrit

Front 51

Mild to severe muscular effort: the body relies on

Back 51

carbohydrates

Front 52

1 mol of ATP per 1 mol of

Back 52

PCr

Front 53

The process of glycogen broken down to glucose 1-phosphate

Back 53

Glycolysis

Front 54

Oxidative production of ATP _____ include PFK

Back 54

Doesn't

Front 55

Pyruvic acid from aerobic glycolysis is converted to

Back 55

Acetyle CoA

Front 56

Plays an important role in motor development

Back 56

Myelination

Front 57

Heat loss via convection and radiation resulting in thermal stress

Back 57

Wind chill

Front 58

Local response to high body temperatures, dehydration, and electrolyte loss

Back 58

Heat cramps

Front 59

Structure of the body or an interaction of muscle, fat, and height

Back 59

Body Build

Front 60

Protein contributes little to oxidative ATP because nitrogen can/cannot be oxidized

Back 60

cannot

Front 61

Clearing pyruvate acid produced by anaerobic metabolism is/is not a reason for excess post-exercise oxygen consumption

Back 61

is not

Front 62

Minimum kcals required for essential physiological function

Back 62

Basal Metabolic Rate

Front 63

Internal body temperatures above _____ can affect the nervous sytem

Back 63

104 degrees

Front 64

_____ is not a variable of environmental heat

Back 64

Barometric pressure

Front 65

_____ does not influence energy costs

Back 65

Blood Pressure

Front 66

Fatigues can result from electroylyte, _____, and/or glycogen depletion, which impairs _____.

Back 66

PCr
ATP production

Front 67

Hypothermia=exposed peripheral skin that has died from a lack of oxygen

Back 67

FALSE
This is frostbite

Front 68

The protein that carries oxygen in muscle cells

Back 68

Myoglobin

Front 69

Buffer/Faster/Stronger than before

Back 69

Supercompensation

Front 70

F.I.T. minimal training recommendations for improvement

Back 70

20 minutes a day, 3-5 times a week, at at least 70% heart rate

Front 71

RMR
TEM
TEA

Back 71

Resting Metabolic Rate
Thermic Effective of Activity
Thermic Effect of a single meal

Front 72

Average % difference in performance (time) b/t men and women

Back 72

5-10%

Front 73

Children have a better/worse convection effect than adults

Back 73

Better

Front 74

Which types of hormones can breach the cell membranes?

Back 74

Steroid

Front 75

Precursor to aldosterone that increases peripheral arterial vasoconstriction

Back 75

Angiotensin II

Front 76

Growth hormone _____ glucose metabolism

Back 76

DOESN'T INCREASE

Front 77

Glucagon _____ FFA metabolism

Back 77

doesn't increase

Front 78

Movement

Back 78

Kinesiology

Front 79

Ligaments, fascia, muscle tension, atmospheric pressure

Back 79

Joint cohesion

Front 80

Connective tissue that surrounds, separates, supports, and binds

Back 80

Fascia

Front 81

This is not a joint restraining factor

Back 81

Fascia

Front 82

_____ or _____ determine a joint's pathway

Back 82

Shape of a joint
Type of tissues connecting bones

Front 83

saddle joint

Back 83

1st carpometacarpal joint

Front 84

Hinge joint

Back 84

Elbow

Front 85

Shiny slick surface

Back 85

Hyaline Cartilage

Front 86

Sissors are

Back 86

1st class

Front 87

Standing toe is a _____ lever

Back 87

2nd class

Front 88

skull being pulled by ossipitals is a _____ lever

Back 88

1st class

Front 89

Pathway of nerve conduction

Back 89

ABC Order

Front 90

If a stimulus causes action potential to occur, _____ muscles within that particular (something) will contract maximally

Back 90

all

Front 91

_____ is seen at the end of exercise or shortly thereafter from fluid shift and lactic acid production

Back 91

Acute muscle soreness

Front 92

_____ is seen 12-24 hours post, most often after eccentric exercise

Back 92

Delay-onset muscle soreness

Front 93

Where's K+ and Na+ at rest

Back 93

High K+ inside and Na+ outside at rest

Front 94

Action potential require depolarization _____ the threshold value of 15-20 mV.

Back 94

greater than

Front 95

Larger diameter neurons do/don't present more resistance to current flow

Back 95

DO NOT

Front 96

The _____ limits a motor unit's firing frequency

Back 96

refractory period

Front 97

Muscle spindles do/don't detect the _____ of a muscle on its tendon, providing information about the _____ of a muscle contraction

Back 97

DO NOT
tension
strength

Front 98

Preprogrammed response integrated by spinal cord without conscious thought

Back 98

Motor reflex

Front 99

Sensory input may be integrated at the _____, _____, or in the _____ depending on its complexity

Back 99

Spinal cord, brainstem, or in the brain

Front 100

Motor units with _____ are called on before those with _____.

Back 100

smaller neurons (ST units)
larger neurons

Front 101

Electrical charge that passes from 1 neuron to the next and finally to an end organ

Back 101

Nerve impulse`

Front 102

The basal metabolic rate is influence by

Back 102

Emotional stress, heat stress, and body size

Front 103

2 high energy compounds critcal for all physical activity

Back 103

ATP & PCr

Front 104

Efficient runners tend to use _____ oxygen than inefficient runners

Back 104

less

Front 105

Marathon runner's fatigue

Back 105

Decrease in muscle pH, increase in muscle lactate levels

Front 106

Electrical charge that passes from 1 neuron to the next and finally to an end organ

Back 106

Nerve impulse`

Front 107

Men/Women resistence training:

Back 107

Similar strength but less in muscle mass

Front 108

The basal metabolic rate is influence by the factors...

Back 108

Emotional stress, heat stress, and body size

Front 109

Has the strongest influence on gastric emptying rate

Back 109

Volume of a solution

Front 110

2 high energy compounds critcal for all physical activity

Back 110

ATP & PCr

Front 111

Most important to increasing stroke volume via endurance training:

Back 111

increase in blood volume

Front 112

Efficient runners tend to use _____ oxygen than inefficient runners

Back 112

less

Front 113

During repeated days of exercise in hot, humid environments,

Back 113

plasma volume decreases

Front 114

Marathon runner's fatigue

Back 114

Decrease in muscle pH, increase in muscle lactate levels

Front 115

Insulin lowers/increases blood circulation in the blood

Back 115

lowers

Front 116

Men/Women resistence training:

Back 116

Similar strength but less in muscle mass

Front 117

Has the strongest influence on gastric emptying rate

Back 117

Volume of a solution

Front 118

Most important to increasing stroke volume via endurance training:

Back 118

increase in blood volume

Front 119

During repeated days of exercise in hot, humid environments,

Back 119

plasma volume decreases

Front 120

Insulin lowers/increases blood circulation in the blood

Back 120

lowers

Front 121

Electrical charge that passes from 1 neuron to the next and finally to an end organ

Back 121

Nerve impulse`

Front 122

The basal metabolic rate is influence by

Back 122

Emotional stress, heat stress, and body size

Front 123

2 high energy compounds critcal for all physical activity

Back 123

ATP & PCr

Front 124

Efficient runners tend to use _____ oxygen than inefficient runners

Back 124

less

Front 125

Marathon runner's fatigue

Back 125

Decrease in muscle pH, increase in muscle lactate levels

Front 126

Men/Women resistence training:

Back 126

Similar strength but less in muscle mass

Front 127

Has the strongest influence on gastric emptying rate

Back 127

Volume of a solution

Front 128

Most important to increasing stroke volume via endurance training:

Back 128

increase in blood volume

Front 129

During repeated days of exercise in hot, humid environments,

Back 129

plasma volume decreases

Front 130

Insulin lowers/increases blood circulation in the blood

Back 130

lowers

Front 131

A normal resting a-vO2 difference is ~_____mL at rest

Back 131

5

Front 132

As a result of aerobic training, lactate threshold would occur at a _____ and a _____>

Back 132

increases percent of max VO2
increased velocity of running/swimming

Front 133

Body loses heat by conduction

Back 133

Immersion

Front 134

Largest percentage of calories expended per day

Back 134

Basal metabolic rate

Front 135

Adapt to heat stress: exercise in the heat for periods of

Back 135

4-14 days

Front 136

Strength decrements associated with aging: 3 factors

Back 136

decreased muscle mass
decreased protein synthesis
Loss of fast twitch motor units

Front 137

3 Factors for increasing body fat percentages

Back 137

Increase in fat ingestion
Decreased activity level
Reduced ability to mobilize fat

Front 138

Decline in max VO2 during aging: 2 factors

Back 138

Physiogical aging, training status during aging process