Pe - Functions Of A Body

Front 1

What are the five functions of the body?

Back 1

Movement - at joint
Support - for muscles
Shape - for maintaining our body shapes
Protection - such s skull protecting our brains
Blood-cell Production - in the bone marrow

Front 2

What are the four different types of bones?

Back 2

Long bones - femur, humerus
Short bones - Phalanges
Flat - cranium, Sternum
Irregular - vertebrate, patella

Front 3

Label the Skeleton

Back 3

Front 4

What is a Synovial Joint? and Give the definition of Articulating

Back 4

A joint that allows movement is called a 'Synovial joint' e.g. knee
A joint is where two bones meet. if a movement is possible the bones are said to be 'articulating'.

Front 5

Give the two types of joints and an example

Back 5

Hinge - a synovial joint - knee and elbow
Ball and Socket - a synovial joint - shoulder and hip

Front 6

Label the muscles

Back 6

Front 7

What types of muscles are there?

Back 7

Skeletal - Make the skeleton move - these are voluntary muscles are you choose to move them.
Cardio Muscles - these are found in the walls of your heart and are involuntary
Involuntary Muscles - muscles within the body that allows the body to keep functioning

Front 8

What are the three connective tissues?

Back 8

Tendons - strong elastic tissue that connects muscle to bone
Ligaments - Stabilise a joint and connect bone to bone
Cartilage - Found around the end of bones, acts as a butter

Front 9

Give definitions of Origin and Insertion and an example.

Back 9

The end of the muscle attached to the stationary bone is called the origin.
The end of the muscle attached to the moving bone is called the insertion
e.g. The biceps origin is the shoulder and the insertion is at the elbow

Front 10

Why do muscles work in pairs?

Back 10

Muscles cannot push bones, they can only pull them, this means that they need to work in pairs.

Front 11

Give the definition of Antagonistic
The Prime Mover
Antagonist

Back 11

These pairs are called antagonistic pairs
The contracted muscle is called the prime mover
The muscle relaxing is the antagonist

Front 12

Give the definition of muscle tone and posture

Back 12

Muscle tone is the muscles state of slight tension and readiness to work. muscle tone helps with posture
Posture related to the way the body is supported by the muscles when standing or moving

Front 13

Give the definition of Flexion
Extension
Adduction
Abduction

Back 13

Pictures :

Front 14

What are isotonic contractions and isometric contractions?

Back 14

Muscles contract when they work. If a muscle contracts to create movement, it is called an isotonic contraction
When a muscle contracts with no resulting movement, it is an isometric contraction. e.g. plank, tug of war, wall sits

Front 15

Give definitions of concentric and eccentric in isotonic

Back 15

Concentric - muscle shortens (bulges)
e.g. your biceps when you flex
Eccentric - Muscle lengthens
e.g. your triceps when you to tricep dips