Pccn-Neuro

Front 1

Cranial nerve one and a way to test it

Back 1

olfactory-have pt smell something strong

Front 2

cranial nerve two and way to test it

Back 2

occular- eye chart

Front 3

cranial nerve three and a way to test it

Back 3

occulomotor- move eyes up and down and shine light to check dilation

Front 4

cranial nerve four

Back 4

trochlear- have eyes track a moving target

Front 5

cranial nerve five

Back 5

trigeminal-mastication-facial sensation and chewing-open and close eyes and mouth

Front 6

cranial nerve six

Back 6

abducens- look to the side

Front 7

cranial nerve seven

Back 7

facial- expressions taste in the anterior 2/3 of tongue

Front 8

cranial nerve eight

Back 8

vestibulocochlear-tuning fork

Front 9

cranial nerve nine

Back 9

glossopharyngeal-parotid/carotid

Front 10

cranial nerve ten

Back 10

vagus-gag/swallow

Front 11

cranial nerve eleven

Back 11

spinal accesory turn head and lift shoulders

Front 12

cranial nerve twelve

Back 12

stick out tongue

Front 13

glascow coma scale scores from

Back 13

3 to 15
on verbal, motor, and eye opening

Front 14

score for eye opening

Back 14

4- spontaneous
3-to speech
2-to pain
1- none

Front 15

score for motor response

Back 15

6-obeys command
5-localizes pain
4-withdraws to pain
3-abnormal flexion
2-extensor response
1-none

Front 16

verbal response

Back 16

5-oriented
4- confused
3-innapropriate words
2-incomprehensible sounds
1-none

Front 17

decorticate

Back 17

into the core or flexion

damage in the cerebral hemispheres or thalamus

Front 18

decerebrate

Back 18

away from body or extension

damage to midbrain or pons

Front 19

constant blood flow to the brain is so important because

Back 19

the brain cannot store blood or csf so it needs it constantly flowing

Front 20

normal CBF is

Back 20

50-100 mmHg

Front 21

causes of ICP

Back 21

cerebral edema
mass lesions
increased amounts of CSF (we produce 500mL every day)
increased intracranial blood volume

Front 22

1st sign of change in ICP is

Back 22

change of LOC
diplopia
h/a
n&V

Front 23

Cushings Triad

Back 23

increased SBP
brady
widening pulse pressure

Front 24

management of ICP

Back 24

HOB >30
assess neuro consistantly
hip flexion >90 is avoided
minimize environmental stimuli
preventing increased metabolic demand

Front 25

meds for cerebral edema

Back 25

mannitol
corticosteroids

Front 26

cause of acute ischemic stroke

Back 26

embolism-occlusion of a cerebral vessel most often by blood clot
thrombosis
most common type d/t atherosclerosis and formation of plaque in the artery-decreased blood flow caused by brain tissue ischemia which results in infarct

hemorrhage

compression or spasm of vessels

Front 27

brainstem stroke

Back 27

loss of equilibrium and n/v are typical

Front 28

thrombolytic therapy needs to be given within

Back 28

3 hrs of onset of symptoms

Front 29

hemorrhagic stroke

Back 29

trauma vascular aneurysm
grading severity hunt and hess scale

bleeding into subarachnoid space between the pia mater and the arachnoid-so blood is coating the brain's surface

Front 30

epidural hemorrhage cause and treatment

Back 30

#1 cause is trauma

buildup of blood in between the dura mater and the skull

trtmt: neurosurgical eval/craniotomy

Front 31

subdural hemorrhage

Back 31

dura and arachnoid

Front 32

define seizures

Back 32

repeated bursts of electrical activity that result in an imbalance in excitatory and inhibitory impulses

Front 33

causes of seizure

Back 33

often a symptom of an underlying neuro problem:
tumor
hemorrhage
trauma
infection
hypoglycemia (no glucose reserve in the brain)
drug OD
fever

Front 34

partial simple seizure

Back 34

consciousness is NOT impaired but motor and sensory symptoms occur

Front 35

complex simple seizure

Back 35

consciousness is impaired along with motor and sensory symptoms

Front 36

generalized seizures

Back 36

absence
myoclonic
atonic
clonic

Front 37

absence seizure

Back 37

lapse of consciousness for 3-30 seconds
(staring spell)

Front 38

myoclonic seizure

Back 38

sudden brief muscle jerking of one or more muscle groups

Front 39

atonic seizure

Back 39

loss of muscle tone

Front 40

clonic

Back 40

rhythmic muscle jerking (tonic/clonic grand mal)

Front 41

status epilepticus

Back 41

seizures where individual does not return to baseline mental status

lasts longer than 30 min

Front 42

intracranial aneurysms

Back 42

localized dilation of an artery resulting from weakness of vessel wall