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87 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Arterial blood pH
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7.35-7.44
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Arterial blood PaCO2
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36-44 mm Hg
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Arterial blood PaO2
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80-100 mm Hg
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Arterial blood HCO3-
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24-30 mm Hg
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CO2
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20-30 mEq/L
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Anion Gap
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3-16 mEq/L
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Lactate
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0.6-2.2 mEq/L
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SvO2
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> or = to 70 mm Hg
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O2 sat
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>95%
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Elevated anion gap
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MUDPILES
Metformin Diabetic ketoacidosis Isoniazid/Iron Salicylate |
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Non-elevated anion gap
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USEDCAR
Exogenous acid (HCl) Cholestyramine/Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (acetazolamide) |
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C-peptide
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fasting: 0.78-1.89 ng/mL
1h following meal: 5-12 ng/mL |
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FPG
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<100 mg/dL
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2h postprandial glucose
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> or = to 200 mg/dL
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OGTT
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<140 mg/dL
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A1C
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4-6%
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Fructosamine
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<285 umol/L
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Urine glucose
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negative
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Self monitoring plasma glucose
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90-130 mg/dL
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Blood and Urine ketones
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negative
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What test is good for screening gestational diabetes?
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OGTT
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Diabetes
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A1C > or = 6.5%
FPG > or = 126 mg/dL 2h plasma gluc during OGTT > or = 200 mg/dL Random plasma gluc > or = 200 mg/dL + symptoms of hyperglyc |
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Increased risk for diabetes (prediabetes)
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FPG btw 100-125 mg/dL
2h plasma gluc during OGTT btw 140-199 mg/dL A1C: 5.7-6.4% |
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Hypoglycemia FPG level
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FPG <70 mg/dL
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Dead space
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Blood clot causing lower perfusion
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Shunt
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Alveoli damaged causing low ventilation
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Normal V:Q ratio
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0.8
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Elasticity in alveoli of COPD causes ________?
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Hyperinflation (increase in FRC)
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Obstructive
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affects AIRFLOW not volume
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Restrictive
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Restricts amount of air lung can contain
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Principal role of lungs
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regulation of PaCO2
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Principal role of kidneys
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regulation of HCO3-
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Anion gap determines cause of ________?
Equation? |
Metabolic acidosis
AG = Na+ - (Cl- + HCO3) |
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What determines CO2 excretion?
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Tidal volume and rate (how deep and quick you breath)
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Free T4
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0.8 ng/dL
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Total T4
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4-12.5 ug/dL
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Serum T3 RU
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25-34%
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Free T4 index
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1-4 units
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Total T3
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78-195 ng/dL or 1.2-3 nmol/L
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Radioactive iodine uptake test
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12-20% uptake at 6h
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Albumin
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3.5-5.5 gm/dL
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Prealbumin
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19.5-35.8 mg/dL
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INR
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0.9-1.1
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PT
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11.1-13.1 sec
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ALP
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30-120 units/L^3
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GGT
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1-94 units/L
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Bilirubin
Indirect Direct |
0.3-1 mg/dL
0.2-0.7 mg/dL 0.1-0.3 mg/dL |
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AST
ALT |
< 35 units/L
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Ammonia
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10-80 mcg/dL^3
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Amylase
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60-180 units/L
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Lipase
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<160 units/L
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What 3 lab tests are indicative of alcoholic liver disease?
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1. AST/ALT ratio > or = 2
2. GTT/ALP ratio > 2.5 3. GGT increase |
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How long does it take for amylase to return to normal?
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3-5 days
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What are the lab results of Chronic Liver Disease?
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1. decrease albumin
2. increase INR/PT 3. increase bilirubin 4. AST/ALT within range |
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PSA marker
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Prostate
Serum tumor |
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CEA marker
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Colon and breast
Serum tumor |
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CA 15-3 marker
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Breast
Serum tumor |
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CA 27.29 marker
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Breast
Serum tumor |
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Ca-125 marker
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Ovary
Serum tumor |
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HCG marker
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Germ cell of ovaries/testes
Serum tumor |
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CA 19-9 marker
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Pancreas
Serum tumor |
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AFP marker
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Hepatocellular, Testicular
Serum tumor |
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B2M marker
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Multiple myeloma
Serum tumor |
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ER/PR marker
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Breast
Tumor cell |
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HER-2 marker
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Breast
Tumor cell |
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BCR-ABL gene
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Chronic leukemia
Tumor cell |
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What is ST-segment elevation (injury) indicative of?
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Earliest sign of MI
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Tachycardia HR
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>100
P wave present and normal |
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Bradycardia HR
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<60
P wave present and normal |
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Quivering effect
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Atrial fibrillation
P waves absent |
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Saw-tooth
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Atrial flutter
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Wide complex tachycardia
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Ventricular tachycardia
Wide QRS complex |
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Torsades de Pointes due to?
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QT prolongation
Medication: Erythromycin, Levaquin |
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X-ray Coronary angiogram is indicative of?
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MI or atherosclerosis
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Neck MRA used for?
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Stroke or syncope (fainting)
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Hepatobiliary (HIDA) Scan
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Looks at FUNCTION
Acute cholecystitis = inflammation/loss of function of gallbladder Cholelithiasis = Gallstone |
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Bone scan indicative for which disease states?
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Osteomyelitis
Cancer |
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V/Q Scan
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Pulmonary embolism
Inconclusive results High, intermediate, or low probability No contrast |
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PET disease states indicative of?
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Alzheimer's disease
Cancer |
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TTE
TEE |
1. congestive heart failure, valvular disease
2. endocarditis, atrial fibrillation |
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Chest X-ray indicative of what disease states?
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PNEUMONIA, COPD, trauma, asthma, pulmonary edema
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Pulmonary infiltrate on X-ray means?
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Pneumonia
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Pleural effusion on X-ray
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Blunting of costophrenic angles
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Bone x-ray looks for?
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Fracture, trauma
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CT head indicative of what disease(s)?
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w/o contrast: ischemic stroke
w/ contrast: tumor, mass w/ or w/o: meningitis, abcess, AV malformation |
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CT chest indicative of what disease(s)?
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Systemic or pulmonary arterial evaluation
PE!!! with contrast |
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Contrast-induced nephropathy
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Acute renal failure in 48h of giving contrast agent
Do not use for: diabetics, chronic renal insufficiency, w/ metformin (blk box warning) |
