Pb&t Final Misc Info

Front 1

Indomethacin

Back 1

- a prostaglandin inhibitor used to rapidly close a patent ductus arteriosus (connects aorta to pulmonary artery)

Front 2

Prostaglandin E1

Back 2

used to prevent closure of ductus arteriosus in patient with transposition of the great arteries (Tetralogy of Fallot)

Front 3

Creatinine Clearance Change

Back 3

decreases 1% per year after age 20
**therefore drug dose should be decreased in patients over 70 in proportion to fall in creatinine clearance

Front 4

reduced baro-receptor sensitivity in elderly

Back 4

(baro-receptor normally compensates for marked changes in BP)
- leads to greater reduction in BP by angiotension converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors
- leads to decreased sensitivity to hypotensive effects of beta antagonists

Front 5

hemicholinium

Back 5

inhibits the high affinity Na+-choline cotransporter in cholinergic neurons

Front 6

vesamicol

Back 6

inhibits the H+-ACh antiporter that transports ACh into storage vesicles in cholinergic neurons

Front 7

Botulinum toxin

Back 7

prevents the calcium induced fusion of vesicles with the plasma membrane of cholinergic neurons

Front 8

AChE inhibitors

Back 8

inhibit membrane bound AChE from degrading ACh into choline and acetate in the synaptic cleft of cholinergic neurons

Front 9

SNARE proteins

Back 9

proteins that interact to tether synaptic vesicles close to the plasma membrane

Front 10

tyrosine

Back 10

precursor of all catecholamines

Front 11

alpha - methyltyrosine

Back 11

inhibits tyrosine hydroxylase (rate limiting step in catecholamine syn) in adrenergic neurons

Front 12

reserpine

Back 12

inhibits vesicular monoamine transport (VMAT) involved in filling or refilling of synaptic vesicles with dopamine or NE respectively in adrenergic neurons

Front 13

cocaine

Back 13

inhibits the selective NE transporter that takes released NE back into the presynaptic terminal of an adrenergic neuron

Front 14

clonidine

Back 14

alpha 2-agonist that stimulates presynaptic autoreceptor that results in decreased release of NE in adrenergic neurons

Front 15

positive chronotropy

Back 15

increases the rate of contraction

Front 16

positive inotropy

Back 16

increases the force of contraction

Front 17

tyramine & guanethidine

Back 17

indirect acting sympathomimetics that are trasnported into the nerve terminal and into synaptic vesicles displacing the NE stored in vesicles --> causes a release of NE
**after chronic use, MAO will deplete the NE remaining in the cytoplasm causings a rapid tyramine & guanethidine tachyphylaxis

Front 18

amphetamine & ephedrine

Back 18

displaces NE from its synaptic vesicles similarly to tyramine & directly stimulate alpha & beta adrenoreceptors & inhibit MAO

Front 19

MAOIs

Back 19

prevent deamination of catecholamines following reuptake into presynaptic terminals --> allows more CAs to accumulate and be released with each action potential

Front 20

phenelzine, iproniazid, tranylcypromine

Back 20

nonselective MAOIs

Front 21

clorgyline

Back 21

Selective MAO-A inhibitor (preferentially metabolizes serontonin)

Front 22

selegiline

Back 22

Selective MAO-B inhibitor

Front 23

ciliary muscle receptors

Back 23

beta1 = stimulation causes relaxation and lens flattens (far)

M3 = stimulation leads to contraction and round lens (near)

Front 24

radial iris muscle receptor

Back 24

alpha 1 = stimulation leads to pupil dilation

Front 25

circular iris muscle receptor

Back 25

M3 = stimulation leads to pupil constriction