Pbd 2 Exam 1 - Week 2

Front 1

True/False
The hormone gastrin is released in response to the pH of duodenal contents falling below 3.5 and is released to slow gastric emptying.

Back 1

False. secretin.

Front 2

Chyme with a pH below 3.5 entering the duodenum results in the release of the hormone:
a. secretin
b. some unknown hormone
c. gastrin
d. cholecystokinin

Back 2

a. secretin

Front 3

True/False
Peptic ulcers are chronic, usually solitary, ulcerations of the upper GI tract occurring most frequently in the duodenum and stomach.

Back 3

True

Front 4

True/False
The parotid salivary glands secrete glycoprotein mucins and salivary amylase.

Back 4

False. secrete salivary amylase only.

Front 5

True/False
The only non-mixed (pure serous) salivary gland is the submandibular gland.

Back 5

False. is the parotid gland.

Front 6

True/False
Enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells release the parietal cell secretagogue gastrin.

Back 6

False. release parietal cell secretagogue histamine.

Front 7

__________________ cells, located in the gastric pits, differentiate into columnar epithelial cells that migrate to the luminal surface of the stomach.

Back 7

Mucous neck

Front 8

The pancreatic products chymotrypsinogen and procarboxypeptidase are converted to their active form by the action of _____________.

Back 8

trypsin

Front 9

The limiting step in the absorption of lipid materials is the diffusion of _______________ through the intestinal unstirred surface layer.

Back 9

micelles

Front 10

True/False
Hydrogen ions are moved into the lumen of the gastric glands by primary active transport.

Back 10

True

Front 11

True/False
Mucous neck cells, located in the gastric pits, differentiate into columnar epithelial cells that migrate to the luminal surface of the stomach.

Back 11

True

Front 12

True/False
The cephalic phase of the control of gastric acid secretion is mediated entirely by the vagus.

Back 12

True

Front 13

Bicarb (HCO3-) leaves the parietal cells by:
a. Facilitated diffusion
b. Countertransport with Cl-
c. Countertransport with Na+
d. Primary active transport

Back 13

b. Countertransport with Cl-

Front 14

True/False
The parotid glands contain serous acinar cells that secrete salivary amylase and mucins.

Back 14

False. salivary amylase only.

Front 15

In salivary secretion, stimulation of the (a)_________ nerves cause the release of (b)____________ which binds to (c)____________ receptor in the basolateral surface of the cell. Activation of these receptors cause increases in (d)______________ and subsequent release of amylase

Back 15

(a) parasympathetic
(b) acetylcholine or ACh
(c) M3R
(d) IP3 or DAG or Ca++ (calcium)

Front 16

True/False
Concerning the ionic composition of saliva, potassium is always higher and bicarbonate exceeds that of plasma except at very low rates of secretion.

Back 16

True

Front 17

True/False
HCO3-, generated during the intracellular production of H+, leaves the parietal cells by countertransport with CI- and is carried away by the venous blood.

Back 17

True

Front 18

Parietal (oxyntic) cells secrete __________ and ____________.

Back 18

HCl and intrinsic factor

Front 19

The two blood supplies to the liver are via the _________________ and the _________________. (Name of vessels)

Back 19

hepatic artery
hepatic portal vein

Front 20

Bile enters the duodenum through the __________________.

Back 20

Sphincter of Oddi

Front 21

True/False
Chyme entering the duodenum that has a pH below 3.5 causes the release of secretin, which slows gastric emptying and inhibits the release of gastrin.

Back 21

True

Front 22

True/False
Peristalsis consists of moving waves of contracted circular muscle preceded by an area of relaxed muscle that sweeps the entire length of the small intestine.

Back 22

False. sweeps a small distance.

Front 23

True/False
Beta-adrenergic stimulation of the parotid salivary glands produces a secretion that is richer in amylase.

Back 23

True

Front 24

True/False
Oxyntic cells secrete the family of proteolytic proenzymes known as the pepsinogens.

Back 24

False. Chief or peptic cells.

Front 25

True/False
Optimal activity for salivary amylase and the pepsins occurs when the pH is 7.

Back 25

False. for salivary amylase only occurs

Front 26

True/False
Potassium ions enter the lumen of the gastric glands by primary active transport.

Back 26

False. enter the parietal cell of the gastric glands

Front 27

True/False
The tall columnar epithelial cells that line the lumen of the stomach differentiate from the mucous neck cells found in the gastric pits.

Back 27

True

Front 28

True/False
Cl- concentration is higher in the cytoplasm parietal cell than in plasma.

Back 28

True

Front 29

True/False
The control of gastric acid secretion during the cephalic phase is mediated entirely by the vagus nerve.

Back 29

True

Front 30

True/False
Chymotrypsinogen is activated by enteropeptidase.

Back 30

False. by trypsin.

Front 31

True/False
The amount of lecithin present determines the amount of cholesterol that can be dissolved in the micelles.

Back 31

True

Front 32

Bile enters the duodenum through the ________________________.

Back 32

Sphincter of Oddi

Front 33

Concerning the liver, which of the following is NOT true:
a. hepatocytes are arranged in plates that radiate out from the central vein
b. sinusoids are vascular spaces located between the plates of hepatocytes
c. sinusoids are lined with endothelial cells and Kupffer Cells
d. bile is secreted into canaliculi and flows into bile ducts located in the center of each lobule
e. all of the above are true

Back 33

d. bile is secreted into canaliculi and flows into bile ducts located in the center of each lobule

Front 34

True/False
Chymotrypsinogen and procarboxypeptidase are cleaved to their active forms by enteropeptidase (enterokinase).

Back 34

False. by trypsin.

Front 35

True/False
The gallbladder is drained by the cystic duct.

Back 35

True

Front 36

True/False
The more lecithin present in the micelles, the less cholesterol can be dissolved.

Back 36

False. more cholesterol

Front 37

The acinar cells of the pancreas are stimulated to secrete the enzyme component of pancreatic juice by the secretogogue:
a. secretin
b. cholecystokinin
c. histamine
d. epinephrine

Back 37

b. cholecystokinin

Front 38

Between meals bile secreted by the liver is stored and concentrated in the gallbladder. After the start of a meal however, the gallbladder begins emptying the bile into the duodenum. Which of the following is a TRUE statement:
A.In the initial phase, consistent contraction of the gallbladder force bile through the sphincter of Oddi
B.All three phases of digestion elicit similar rates of gallbladder empting
C.Stimulation of sympathetic nerve to the gallbladder inhibits emptying of the gallbladder
D.During the intestinal phase of digestion contraction and relaxation are mostly mediated by the cholinergic signaling elicited by the vagus nerve and gastrin release from the stomach.
E.None of the above.

Back 38

C.Stimulation of sympathetic nerve to the gallbladder inhibits emptying of the gallbladder

Front 39

True/False
Bicarb (HCO-3) enters the ileum and colon by countertransport with Cl- for a net loss.

Back 39

True

Front 40

True/False
The epithelial cells of the stomach secrete mucous and bicarbonate that make the mucous layer acid and protect the surface of the stomach from damage by gastric content.

Back 40

False. mucous layer alkaline

Front 41

True/False
When the double mutant mice lacking IP3R2 and IP3R3 were fed a predigested diet containing glucose and amino acids for a week they gained weight. This data suggest that the digestive system dysfunction caused the malnutrition.

Back 41

True

Front 42

True/False
The cholinergic-induced stimulation of amylase production in the IP3R2/IP3R3 knockout mice was abolished by atropine.

Back 42

False. unchanged

Front 43

True/False
In salivary secretion, stimulation of the sympathetic nerves causes the release of Ca2+ and subsequent release of water.

Back 43

False. parasympathetic nerves

Front 44

True/False
The parietal cells are stimulated to secrete HCl-. G cells produce gastrin which also influences HCl- production.

Back 44

True

Front 45

Between meals bile secreted by the liver is stored and concentrated in the gallbladder. After the start of a meal however, the gallbladder begins emptying the bile into the duodenum. Which of the following statements is true?
A.In the initial phase, consistent contraction of the gallbladder force bile through the sphincter of Oddi.
B.All three phases of digestion elicit similar rates of gallbladder empting.
C.Stimulation of sympathetic nerves to the gallbladder inhibits emptying of the gallbladder.
D.During the intestinal phase of digestion contraction and relaxation are mostly mediated by the cholinergic signaling elicited by the vagus nerve and gastrin release from the stomach.
E.None of the above.

Back 45

C.Stimulation of sympathetic nerves to the gallbladder inhibits emptying of the gallbladder.

Front 46

True/False
Beta-adrenergic stimulation of salivary glands produces a greater volume of saliva having the same concentration of amylase.

Back 46

False. lesser volume of saliva

Front 47

True/False
G-cells of the gastric mucosa release histamine.

Back 47

False. gastrin.

Front 48

True/False
If concentrations of peptides and/or amino acids entering the duodenum become high then release of cholecystokinin increases.

Back 48

False. of gastrin increases.

Front 49

True/False
Serous acinar cells of the parotid salivary glands produce alpha-amylase.

Back 49

True

Front 50

True/False
The family of proteolytic enzymes known as pepsins have their greatest activity in the jejenum.

Back 50

False. in the stomach.

Front 51

True/False
The cystic duct joins the common hepatic duct to form the common bile duct.

Back 51

True

Front 52

True/False
Cholecystokinin causes the Sphincter of Oddi to contract.

Back 52

False. to relax.

Front 53

True/False
An important function of the hepatocytes is to produce and secrete proteins such as albumin, into the canaliculi.

Back 53

False. ?

Front 54

True/False
The highest rate of gallbladder emptying is during the gastric phase of eating.

Back 54

False. intestinal phase

Front 55

True/False
Most dietary protein is reduced to amino acids and small peptides by pepsins in the stomach.

Back 55

False. by trypsin in the intestine.

Front 56

True/False
Release of secretin reduces the secretory activity of parietal and chief cells.

Back 56

False. and G cells.

Front 57

True/False
The pancreatic duct is protected from pancreatic enzymes by the action of enteropeptidase produced by duct's epithelial cells.

Back 57

False. of secretin

Front 58

True/False
The pancreas is innervated by both the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems.

Back 58

True

Front 59

Of which of the following conditions, which one would be associated with melena as a symptom:
a. achalasia
b. hiatus hernia
c. peptic ulcer
d. pedunculated adenoma
e. hemorrhoids

Back 59

c. peptic ulcer

Front 60

Concerning the movement of chloride across the membrane of parietal cells, which of the following is NOT true:
a. it crosses the basolateral membranee by countertransport with HCO3-
b. it crosses the basolateral membranee by countertransport with Na+
c. it crosses the apical (luminal) membrane by facilitated diffusion
d. it is transported into the cell against a large electrochemical gradient
e. all of the above are true

Back 60

b. it crosses the basolateral membranee by countertransport with Na+

Front 61

When the pH of the material entering the duodenum falls below 3.5, which of the following does NOT happen:
a. reduced contractions of the pyloric region
b. increased contraction of pylorus
c. increased duodenal motility
d. increased release of gastrin
e. all of the above happen

Back 61

d. increased release of gastrin

Front 62

Concerning the digestive enzymes produced by the pancreas, which of the following is NOT true:
a. they are important for the digestion of all major classes of food
b. they are transported to the duodenum in a fluid that has a HCO3- concentration that is higher than plasma
c. they are important in the conversion of primary bile acids to secondary bile acids
d. their secretion is stimulated by cholecystokinin and secretin
e. they are secreted as proenzymes

Back 62

c. they are important in the conversion of primary bile acids to secondary bile acids
(bacteria is important)

Front 63

Concerning its composition, which of the following is NOT found in saliva:
a. glycoprotein mucins
b. salivary amylase
c. salivary lipase
d. HCO3-
e. lysozymes and IgA

Back 63

c. salivary lipase

Front 64

Concerning the liver, which of the following is NOT true:
a. receives nutrient-rich blood from the hepatic portal vein
b. receives nutrient-rich blood from the hepatic artery
c. hepatocytes removes substances from the blood and secrete them into canaliculi
d. arterial blood and hepatic portal venous blood flow in a countercurrent pattern
e. all of the above are true

Back 64

d. arterial blood and hepatic portal venous blood flow in a countercurrent pattern

Front 65

True/False
Cholera is usually self-limiting with fluid replacement.

Back 65

True

Front 66

True/False
Steatorrhea is the production of a black, tarry, appearing stool.

Back 66

False. Melena is.

Front 67

True/False
Fecaliths are associated with the development of diverticular disease.

Back 67

False. of appendicitis.

Front 68

True/False
The bacterial disease that causes ulceration of the small intestine and hyperplasia of the systemic reticuloendothelial system (mononuclear phagocytic system) is cholera.

Back 68

False. is salmonella.

Front 69

The number-one cause of intestinal obstruction is _______________.

Back 69

Intestinal Hernia or Hernia

Front 70

True/False
Intussusception is the most common cause of intestinal obstruction.

Back 70

False. Hernia is

Front 71

True/False
The GI disorder caused by Salmonella microbs that produces acute diarrhea, ulceration of the small intestine, systemic reticuloendothelial hyperplasia, and may lead to hemorrhage, bowel perforation, and rupture of the spleen is __________.

Back 71

Typhoid Fever

Front 72

True/False
If duodenal pH falls below 3.5, the hormone secretin is released.

Back 72

True

Front 73

True/False
The exocrine pancreas play a vital role in digestion as insufficient exocrine pancreas secretion lead to starvation even if the body is consuming adequate quantities of high quality foods.

Back 73

True

Front 74

True/False
AQP6 have been identified in zymogen granules in parotid gland and submandibular glands.

Back 74

False. AQP5 ... parotid gland only.

Front 75

True/False
When the double mutant mice lacking IP3R2 and IP3R3 were fed a predigested diet containing glucose and amino acids for a week they died. This data suggest that the digestive system dysfunction caused the malnutrition.

Back 75

False. for a week they gained weight.

Front 76

True/False
The gastric phase of gastric secretion is mediated by the Vagus nerve and involves distension of the stomach.

Back 76

True

Front 77

True/False
Proteases in pancreatic juice in the pancreas are trypsin, chymotrypsin and carboxypeptidase.

Back 77

False. in the intestine are.

Front 78

The GI lesion that is associated with the bacterium Helicobacter pylori is ______________.

Back 78

peptic ulcer

Front 79

As salivary flow increases:
a. Na+ concentration increases significantly but is more than plasma
b. Cl- concentration decreases significantly but is greater than plasma
c. HCO3 concentration increases significantly but is greater than plasma
d. The tonicity increases, but saliva is hypertonic to plasma
e. K+ decreases slightly, but is lower than plasma

Back 79

c. HCO3 concentration increases significantly but is greater than plasma

Front 80

True/False
CCK stimulates gallbladder emptying by causing strong contractions of the gall bladder and relaxation of the sphincter of Oddi.

Back 80

True

Front 81

Which of the following is NOT readily absorbed by the gut:

a. fructose
b. glucose
c. amylose
d. galactose

Back 81

c. amylose

Front 82

The second (middle) section of the small intestine is the:

a. ileum
b. cecum
c. jejunum
d. duodenum
e. none of the above

Back 82

c. jejunum

Front 83

Fecaliths are associated with which of the following:

a. appendicitis
b. diverticular disease
c. cholelithiasis
d. acute cholecystitis

Back 83

a. appendicitis

Front 84

The type of smooth muscle activity that serves to knead (mix) the contents of the colon is referred to as:

a. segmentation
b. peristalsis
c. migrating myoelectric complex
d. haustration
e. mass movement

Back 84

d. haustration

Front 85

The cell type of the gastric mucosa that is continuously exfoliated is the:

a. tall columnar epithelial cell
b. mucous neck cell
c. parietal cell
d. chief cell
e. G-cell

Back 85

a. tall columnar epithelial cell

Front 86

The gastric cells that produce the secretagogue histamine are the:

a. oxyntic cells
b. G cells
c. chief cells
d. enterochromaffin-like cells

Back 86

d. enterochromaffin-like cells

Front 87

The type of hepatitis caused by a double-stranded DNA virus consisting of an outer envelope and an inner nucleocapsid (called a Dane particle) is: [from assigned reading]

a. hepatitis A
b. hepatitis B
c. hepatitis C
d. hepatitis D

Back 87

b. hepatitis B

Front 88

The infectious agent that produces acute diarrhea, ulceration of the small intestine, and hyperplasia of the mononuclear phagocytic system (reticuloendothelial system) is:

a. Vibrio cholerae
b. Salmonella typhi
c. Salmonella enteritidis
d. Entamoeba histolytica

Back 88

b. Salmonella typhi

Front 89

Hydrogen ions serve as a secretagogue for:

a. parietal cells
b. chief cells
c. G cells
d. enterochromaffin-like cells

Back 89

a. parietal cells

Front 90

The condition producing chronic or recurrent diarrhea, atrophy of the villi of the small intestine, and is induced by gluten-containing foods is:

a. ulcerative colitis
b. celiac sprue
c. Crohn's Disease
d. diverticular disease

Back 90

b. celiac sprue

Front 91

True/False
Gastric contents entering the duodenum have a pH of less than 3.5 result in the release of cholecystokinin.

Back 91

False. secretin.

Front 92

True/False
Typhoid fever, caused by Salmonella typhi, can cause hyperplasia of mononuclear phagocytic system and result in rupture of the spleen.

Back 92

True

Front 93

True/False
Celiac sprue is induced by gluten-containing foods.

Back 93

True

Front 94

True/False
Parasympathetic stimulation of salivary glands produces a greater volume of saliva having the same concentration of amylase.

Back 94

True

Front 95

True/False
The pyloric glandular region of the stomach has the highest concentration of parietal and chief cells.

Back 95

False. The oxyntic glandular region

Front 96

True/False
The gastric phase of H+ release is mediated entirely by the vagus.

Back 96

False. The intestinal phase

Front 97

True/False
Release of the enzyme component of the pancreatic juice, produced by the acinar cells, is stimulated by secretin.

Back 97

False. by CCK.

Front 98

True/False
The cystic duct joins the common hepatic duct to form the common bile duct.

Back 98

True

Front 99

T/F?
The pepsinogens are converted to their active form by the action of enteropeptidase.

Back 99

False. by the action of HCl.

Front 100

T/F?
An increase in intracellular calcium within salivary gland cells results in the production of a greater volume of saliva having the same concentration of amylase.

Back 100

True

Front 101

T/F?
The prostaglandins E2 and I2 (PGE2 and PGI2) function to lower cytoplasmic levels of cAMP in parietal cells.

Back 101

True

Front 102

T/F?
Intussusception involves twisting of the small intestine and often result in blockage of the intestine.

Back 102

False. Volvulus

Front 103

T/F?
The cardiac glandular region of the gastric mucosa contains acid and pepsinogin secreting cells.

Back 103

False. The oxyntic

Front 104

T/F?
Villous adenoma is more often associated with development of cancer of the colon than pedunculated adenoma.

Back 104

True

Front 105

True/False
Chief or peptic cells produce intrinsic factor.

Back 105

False. Parietal cells

Front 106

True/False
Kupffer cells are phagocytic cells.

Back 106

True

Front 107

True/False
Bile canaliculi drain into bile ducts located in the center of each hepatic lobule.

Back 107

False. located in the periphery

Front 108

True/False
The more lecithin in the bile, the less cholesterol can be dissolved in the micelles.

Back 108

False. more cholesterol.

Front 109

True/False
Dietary fiber increases intestinal transit time.

Back 109

False. decreases

Front 110

T/F?
The cephalic phase of gastric acid secretion is mediated entirely by the vagus nerve.

Back 110

True

Front 111

Which of the following is released in response to peptides and amino acids entering the duodenum?

a. secretin
b. gastrin
c. cholecystokinin
d. acetylcholine
e. histamine

Back 111

b. gastrin

Front 112

T/F?
The inactive pancreatic proteases chymotrypsinogen and procarboxypeptidase are activated by trypsin.

Back 112

True

Front 113

Which of the following is the primary stimulus causing hepatocytes to secrete?

a. secretin
b. gastrin
c. cholecystokinin
d. acetylcholine
e. histamine

Back 113

c. cholecystokinin

Front 114

T/F?
Digested lipid material reaches the liver for processing via the hepatic artery.

Back 114

True

Front 115

Which of the following is released in response to fatty acids and/or monoglycerides entering the duodenum?

a. secretin
b. gastrin
c. cholecystokinin
d. acetylcholine
e. histamine

Back 115

c. cholecystokinin

Front 116

Which of the following decreases acid secretion by parietal cells?

a. secretin
b. gastrin
c. cholecystokinin
d. acetylcholine
e. histamine

Back 116

a. secretin

Front 117

Which of the following is the aqueous component of pancreatic juice?

a. secretin
b. gastrin
c. cholecystokinin
d. acetylcholine
e. histamine

Back 117

a. secretin

Front 118

Which of the following has the highest rate of gallbladder emptying?

a. secretin
b. gastrin
c. cholecystokinin
d. acetylcholine
e. histamine

Back 118

c. cholecystokinin

Front 119

Match one of the modes of ion transport associated with the parietal cells of the stomach:
Hydrogen and potassium

a. primary active transport
b. countertransport
c. cotransport
d. facilitated diffusion
e. simple diffusion

Back 119

a. primary active transport

Front 120

Match one of the modes of ion transport associated with the parietal cells of the stomach:
Bicarb and chloride

a. primary active transport
b. countertransport
c. cotransport
d. facilitated diffusion
e. simple diffusion

Back 120

b. countertransport

Front 121

Match one of the modes of ion transport associated with the parietal cells of the stomach:
Chloride

a. primary active transport
b. countertransport
c. cotransport
d. facilitated diffusion
e. simple diffusion

Back 121

d. facilitative diffusion

Front 122

Match one of the modes of ion transport associated with the parietal cells of the stomach:
Sodium and potassium

a. primary active transport
b. countertransport
c. cotransport
d. facilitated diffusion
e. simple diffusion

Back 122

a. primary active transport

Front 123

Match one of the modes of ion transport associated with the parietal cells of the stomach:
Potassium (alone)

a. primary active transport
b. countertransport
c. cotransport
d. facilitated diffusion
e. simple diffusion

Back 123

d. facilitated diffusion

Front 124

Match one of the modes of ion transport associated with the parietal cells of the stomach:
Chloride (alone)

a. primary active transport
b. countertransport
c. cotransport
d. facilitated diffusion
e. simple diffusion

Back 124

d. facilitated diffusion

Front 125

True/False
Pancreatic enzymes convert primary bile acids into the secondary bile acids.

Back 125

False. Bacteria convert

Front 126

True/False
The highest rate of gallbladder emptying occurs during the intestinal phase and is mediated by cholecystokinin.

Back 126

True

Front 127

True/False
Inflammation of the gallbladder is referred to as cholelithiasis.

Back 127

False. cholecystitis

Front 128

Trypsinogen is converted to trypsin by the action of ________________.

Back 128

enterokinase.

Front 129

An ion that has an increased concentation in saliva as secretion rate goes up and has been found to be important in preventing dental caries is _________.

Back 129

HCO3-

Front 130

The mucousal cells that are continuously shed (exfoliated) from the inner surface of the stomach is called ________________________.

Back 130

tall, columnar epithelial

Front 131

The intitial production of H+ in the parietal cells is greatly accelerated by the enzyme ___________________.

Back 131

carbonic anhydrase

Front 132

The concentration of Cl- is (greater in/less in) interstitial fluid than in parietal cells.

Back 132

less in

Front 133

The only source of lipases is the _________________.

Back 133

Pancreatic juice.

Front 134

The largest gland of the body is the __________.

Back 134

liver

Front 135

Vitamin D plays an essential role in the absorption of _____.

Back 135

Ca++

Front 136

The correct medical term for excessive amounts of fatty material in the feces is ____________.

Back 136

steatorrhea

Front 137

The type of smooth muscle activity that serves to knead the contents of the colon is referred to as:
a. segmentation
b. peristalsis
c. migrating myoelectric complex
d. haustration
e. mass movement

Back 137

d. haustration

Front 138

Young children are more prone to develop which of the following conditions:
a. intestinal hernia
b. adbominal adhesions
c. intussusception
d. diverticular disease

Back 138

c. intussusception

Front 139

Diverticular disease most frequently produces pain in the ______________ quadrant of the abdomen.
a. upper right
b. lower right
c. upper left
d. lower left

Back 139

d. lower left

Front 140

The gastric cells that produce the secretagogue histamine are the:
a. oxyntic cell
b. G cells
c. chief cell
d. enterochromaffin-like cells

Back 140

d. enterochromaffin-like cells

Front 141

Which of following is NOT a function of HCl in the stomach:
a. Convert pepsinogen to pepsins
b. Provide an acid environment in which the pepsins are active
c. Protonate carbohydrates to cleave alpha-1,4 glucose linkages
d. kill most ingested organisms
e. all are functions

Back 141

c. Protonate carbohydrates to cleave alpha-1,4 glucose linkages

Front 142

The cell type responsible for the production of most blood proteins is the:
a. pancreatic acinar cell
b. Kupffer cell
c. hepatocyte
d. gallbladder cell

Back 142

c. hepatocyte

Front 143

Concerning the digestion of carbohydrates, which of the following is NOT true:
a. both salivary amylase and alpha-amylase can only cleave alpha-1, 4 glucose linkages
b. both salivary amylase and alpha-amylase can only cleave carbohydrates to oligosaccharides
c. oligosaccharides are broken down by brush border enzymes
d. glucose and galactose cross brush border membrane by cotransport coupled to sodium
e. all of these statement are true

Back 143

e. all of these statement are true

Front 144

The type of carbohydrate that is a linear molecule and has only alpha-1,4 linkage is:
a. amylopectin
b. amylose
c. cellulose
d. glycogen

Back 144

b. amylose