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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is hyperthyroidism?
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excess thyroxine production
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What is hyperthyroidism also known as? (primary)
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Graves' disease?
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What is the probable mechanism behind most primary hyperthyroidism?
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autoimmune process
-increase levels of IgG, which bind to TSH receptors, mimicking TSH & increasing the production of T4 |
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What is a goiter?
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condition when thyroid grows larger than normal
-you will see exophthalmos (protrusion of eye) and associated lid lag |
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What is the most common cause of goiter worldwide?
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lack of iodine in diet
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What are the clinical manifestations of hyperthyroidism?
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-increased metabolism/metabolic rate
-nervousness -hand tremor -goiter -exopthalmos -hair is fine, thinning -warm, moist baby-butt skin |
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What will you see in labs for Primary Disorder of Hyperthyroidism?
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-TSH decreased
-Free T4 should be increased |
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What will you see in labs for Secondary Disorder of Hyperthyroidism?
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-increased TSH
-increased T4 |
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What is thyrotoxicosis?
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special case of hyperthyroidism but with the added complications of co-morbidities such as infections, pregnancy, emotional stress, CV
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What is hypothyroidism?
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decreased thyroxine production
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What is hypothyroidism also known as? (primary)
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Hashimoto's thyroiditis
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What is the probable mechanism behind most primary hypothyroidism?
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autoimmune destruction of the thyroid gland by circulating anti-thyroid Ab's.
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What are potential causes of primary hypothyroidism?
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failure of the gland itself to produce thyroxine
-hasimoto's thyroiditis -pt treated w/RA12 for Graves disease -iodine deficiency -medications: sulfonamides, lithium carbonate -post-surgical -congenital |
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What are potential causes of secondary hypothyroidism?
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failure of the HPT axis
-hypothalamic lesion -pituitary lesion |
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What will you see in labs for Primary Disorder of Hypothyroidism?
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-increased TSH
-decreased T4 |
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What will you see in labs for Secondary Disorder of Hypothyroidism?
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-decreased TSH
-decreased T4 |
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What are the clinical manifestations of hypothyroidism?
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-slow mental activity
-depression -fatigue -weight gain -dry coarse skin -menorrhagia (heavy periods) -myxedema |
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What is myxedema (fat face)?
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cutaneous and dermal edema secondary to increased deposition of connective tissue components (seen in Graves disease & hypothyroidism) also note it is non-pitting edema (especially noticed around eyes)
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