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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
65-year-old male is diagnosed with
chronic pulmonary disease and elevated pulmonary vascular resistance. Which of the following heart failures should the nurse assess for in this patient? |
Right Heart Failure
|
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A 22-year-old female just delivered a
healthy baby girl. She suffered from eclampsia during her pregnancy, and on the second postpartum day she complained of bleeding gums and bruising on her arms and legs. Hematology lab tests indicate that she had disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Further review of lab tests by the nurse revealed an increase in: |
Fibrin
degradation products (FDPs). |
|
A 25-year-old female has a heavy
menses during which she loses a profuse amount of blood. Which of the following adaptations should the nurse expect? |
Peripheral
vasoconstriction. |
|
A 30-year-old Caucasian female was
recently diagnosed with primary hypertension. She reports that she eats fairly well, usually having red meat and potatoes daily. She also reports that her father has hypertension as well. A nurse determines which of the following risk factors is most likely associated with this diagnosis? |
Genes
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A 30-year-old female presents to
her primary care provider with fever, cardiac murmur, and petechial skin lesions. She is diagnosed with infective endocarditis. When the patient wants to know what caused the disease, what is the nurse's best response? The most likely cause of the disease is: |
Bacteria
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A 32-year-old female presents with
lower leg pain, with swelling and redness. While obtaining the patient's history, which finding could have caused her condition? |
Venous Thrombus
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A 35-year-old male presents with
pulmonary hypertension. Testing reveals he is in right heart failure. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis the nurse will see listed on the chart? |
Tricuspid Regurgitation
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A 40-year-old female develops
disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Upon obtaining the history, which finding is the most likely cause of this condition? |
Sepsis
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A 42-year-old female is diagnosed
with constrictive pericarditis. The nurse assesses the blood pressure for decreased cardiac output because of: |
Fibrosis and
calcification of the pericardial layers. |
|
A 49-year-old male presents to his
primary care provider reporting chest pain. EKG reveals ST elevation. He is diagnosed with myocardial ischemia. Which of the following interventions would be most beneficial? |
Apply oxygen to
increase myocardial oxygen supply. |
|
50-year-old male is diagnosed with
orthostatic hypotension. Which of the following symptoms would he most likely experience? |
Syncope and
fainting. |
|
A 50-year-old male visits the
cardiologist for an EKG. Results indicate that he has no PR interval and a variable QRS rate with rhythm irregularity. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis to be recorded on the chart? |
Atrial
fibrillation. |
|
A 50-year-old male was admitted to the
intensive care unit with a diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (MI). He is being treated for shock. His cardiopulmonary symptoms include low blood pressure, tachycardia, and tachypnea. His skin is pale and cool. The primary cause of his shock is most likely: |
Decreased
cardiac contractility. |
|
A 50-year-old male with a 30-year
history of smoking was diagnosed with bronchogenic cancer. He developed edema and venous distention in the upper extremities and face. Which of the following diagnosis will the nurse observe on the chart? |
Superior vena
cava syndrome (SVCS). |
|
A 50-year-old obese male with
hypertension and coronary artery disease visits a nutritionist for food counseling. He has an elevated level of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and a low level of high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Which of the following should the nurse advise him to avoid? |
Trans fats.
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A 51-year-old male is at the health
clinic for an annual physical exam. After walking from the car to the clinic, he developed substernal pain. He also reported discomfort in his left shoulder and his jaw, lasting 2 to 3 minutes and then subsiding with rest. He indicates that this has occurred frequently over the past few months with similar exertion. The nurse suspects he is most likely experiencing: |
Stable angina.
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A 51-year-old male presents with
recurrent chest pain on exertion. He is diagnosed with angina pectoris. When he asks what causes the pain, how should the nurse respond? The pain occurs when: |
The myocardial
oxygen supply has fallen below demand |
|
A 52-year-old female is diagnosed
with coronary artery disease. The nurse assesses for myocardial: |
Ischemia
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A 52-year-old male presents with
pooling of blood in the veins of the lower extremities and edema. The diagnosis is chronic venous insufficiency, and an expected assessment finding of this disorder is: |
Skin
hyperpigmentation |
|
A 55-year-old female has undiagnosed
hypertension. She presents to her primary care provider reporting impaired vision and chronic edema. Lab tests reveal that she also has renal insufficiency. While planning care, the nurse realizes the most likely cause for these findings is: |
End-organ
damage. |
|
A 55-year-old male died of a myocardial
infarction. Autopsy would most likely reveal: |
Platelet
aggregation within the atherosclerotic coronary artery |
|
A 56-year-old male is diagnosed with
coronary artery disease. Which of the following modifiable risk factors would the nurse suggest the patient change? |
Smoking
cigarettes. |
|
A 56-year-old male presents to his
primary care provider for a checkup. Physical exam reveals edema, hepatomegaly, and muffled heart sounds. Which of the following is of greatest concern to the nurse? |
Tamponade
|
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A 59-year-old female is diagnosed with
left ventricular failure. If a decrease in kidney perfusion occurs, the nurse knows this would ultimately cause: |
Increased
systemic vascular resistance. |
|
A 60-year-old female had a myocardial
infarction. She was brought to the hospital 30 minutes later. She survived, but now the nurse is providing care for impaired ventricular function because: |
The resulting
ischemia leads to hypoxic injury and myocardial cell death |
|
A 60-year-old female was diagnosed with
mitral stenosis. As a result, the nurse realizes the patient has incomplete emptying of the: |
Left atrium.
|
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A 60-year-old male presents to his
primary care provider reporting chest pain. He is diagnosed with atherosclerosis. This disease is caused by: |
Abnormal
thickening and hardening of vessel walls. |
|
A 65-year-old female presents to the
emergency department reporting difficulty swallowing and shortness of breath. A CT scan would most likely reveal an aneurysm in the: |
Thoracic aorta
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A 65-year-old male experienced loss of
appetite, weight loss, lemon-yellow skin, liver enlargement, and a beefy red tongue shortly before his death. Autopsy suggested pernicious anemia, and the cause of death would most likely reveal: |
heart failure
|
|
65-year-old male presents for a routine
checkup. A blood pressure check reveals a systolic pressure of 160 mm Hg and a diastolic pressure of 70 mm Hg. Which of the following is the most likely cause of this type of pressure elevation? |
Rigidity of
the aorta. |
|
A 65-year-old male with a history of
untreated hypertension is now experiencing left heart failure. A nurse recalls his untreated hypertension led to: |
Myocardial
hypertrophy and ventricular remodeling. |
|
A 67-year-old female was previously
diagnosed with rheumatic heart disease. Tests reveal lipoprotein deposition with chronic inflammation that impairs blood flow from the left ventricle into the aorta. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis recorded on the chart? |
Aortic
stenosis. |
|
A 68-year-old female is experiencing left
heart failure. Physical exam reveals elevated blood pressure. The nurse understands this is most likely caused by: |
Sympathetic
nervous system compensation for decreased cardiac output. |
|
A 68-year-old male presents to the ER
reporting chest pain. He has a history of stable angina that now appears to be unstable. He most likely has: |
Impending
myocardial infarction (MI) |
|
A 72-year-old female has a history of
hypertension and atherosclerosis. An echocardiogram reveals backflow of blood into the left ventricle. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis documented on the chart? |
Aortic
regurgitation. |
|
72-year-old female has a history of
right heart failure caused by a right ventricular myocardial infarction. Which of the following symptoms are specifically related to her right heart failure? |
Significant
edema to both lower legs and feet. |
|
A 73-year-old female has increased
pulmonary pressure resulting in right heart failure. The nurse should monitor for a possible complication because a potential cause for her heart to fail is: |
Left heart
failure. |
|
A 75-year-old male has severe chest pain
and dials 911. Lab tests at the hospital reveal elevated levels of cardiac troponins I and T. Based upon the lab findings, the nurse suspects which of the following has occurred? |
Myocardial Infarction
|
|
A 75-year-old obese female presents to
her primary care provider reporting edema in the lower extremities. Physical exam reveals that she has varicose veins. Upon performing the history, which of the following is a possible cause for the varicose veins? |
Long periods
of standing. |
|
A nurse is planning care for a patient
in shock. Which principle should the nurse remember? During shock states, glucose uptake is usually: |
Impaired
|
|
nurse is teaching staff about
endocarditis. Which information should the nurse include? Inflammatory cells have difficulty limiting the colonization of microorganisms in infective endocarditis because the: |
Microorganisms
are sequestered in a fibrin clot. |
|
A nurse is teaching the staff about
disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Which information should the nurse include? The sequence of events in DIC is initiated by the release of: |
Clotting factors
are depleted. |
|
A patient wants to know what causes
atherosclerosis. How should the nurse respond? In general, atherosclerosis is caused by: |
Endothelial
injury and inflammation. |
|
Individuals with Raynaud disease need
to be counseled to avoid which of the following conditions to prevent severe symptoms? |
Cold exposure
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What term should the nurse
document for a detached blood clot? |
Thromboembolism
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When a nurse checks the patient for
orthostatic hypotension, what did the nurse have the patient do? |
Stand Up
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When a patient asks the nurse what
is the most common cause of myocardial ischemia, which statement is the correct response? The most common cause of myocardial ischemia is: |
Atherosclerosis.
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When a patient with left heart failure
starts to have a cough and dyspnea, which principle should the nurse remember? Pulmonary symptoms, common to left heart failure, are a result of: |
Pulmonary vascular congestion.
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Which characteristic changes should
the nurse keep in mind while caring for a patient with left heart failure? As left heart failure progresses: |
Left
ventricular preload increases. |
|
Which of the following findings
in the patient with Raynaud disease would indicate a need for further teaching? |
The patient smokes
cigarettes. |
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While planning care for a patient with
superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS), which principle should the nurse remember? SVCS is a progressive _____ of the superior vena cava (SVC) that leads to venous distention of the upper extremities and head. |
Occlusion.
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