Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What cancer is the 6th leading site globally?
|
-Oral and Pharyngeal cancer
|
|
|
2nd leading site in men in southeast Asia?
|
-Oral and Pharyngeal cancer
|
|
|
What is the most common site of oral and pharygneal cancer?
|
-Tongue, followed by lip and FOM
|
|
|
How to reudce morbidity and mortality?
|
-Cessation of tobacco
-IDing pre-cancerous lesions -Early detection |
|
|
Describe advanced Cancers of tongue and FOM?
|
-Patients used tobacco and drank alcohol
-Diagnoisis delayed more than 5 months -Aggressive TX: surgery & radiation -Patients survived less than 6 months |
|
|
What % of patients know they have an oral cancer exam?
|
-39%
|
|
|
Incisional biopsy
|
Defintive DX
|
|
|
Describe Toluidine Blue Dye?
|
-Binds to DNA and sulfated mucopolysaccharides (high in malignant and dysplastic cells)
-Electrical potential of mitochondrial membranes (Negative charged membranes attract dye) |
|
|
Based on Toluidine Blue Technqiue
-Leukoplakias ___ stain -Papillae on the tongue and normal uclers ___ stain |
-Leukoplakias WILL NOT stain
-Papillae on the tongue and normal uclers will stain but not cancers -93% success for DX |
|
|
Describe Chemiluminescence (ViziLite)
|
-Low energy, low wave length light
-Pretreat epithelium w/ 1% acetic acid -Approved by FDA but not efficacy |
|
|
Which techniques tells you a descriptionof the cells and doesn't tell you anything aobut invasion of the cancer?
|
-Brush Biopsy technique
|
|
|
Describe the Burhs Biopsy Technique?
|
-Minimal or no pains
-Firm pressure while rotating 5-10 times -Pink tissues or micro-bleeding indicates that you have penetrated and sampled all layers of the epithelium. -These are description, NOT diagnoses |
|
|
Explain the results of Brush Biopsy Technique?
|
-Negative: no abnormalities
-Positive: Definitive cellular evidence of dysplasia or carcinoma -Atypical: abonormal epith. changes warranting further investigation |
|
|
What are the clinical features in Early detection of oral cancers?
|
-Uclers, Lump, White and red changes
|
|
|
More than ___% of oral cancers are SCC?
|
-90%
-Normal histology reflects maturation or epithelial cells -SCC reflects invasion of CT |
|
|
Examples of Oral Cancer Control: Reduce morbidity and mortality
|
-Tobacco usage and cessation
-Precancerous lesion -Early detection -Smoking shortens your life, on average, 10 years |
|
|
What are the precancerous lesion?
|
-Leukoplakia, Erythroplakia, Erythroleukoplakia
-Histopathology: Hyperkeratosis, dysplasia |
|
|
What characterize Precancerous lesions?
|
-Hyperkeratosis and dysplasia
-Surgical management |
|
|
Describe Proliferative Verrucous?
|
-Predominantly women (non-smoking, elderly)
-Human papilloma virus 16 -Malignant transformation > 50% |
|
|
Leukoplakia control?
|
-Remove irritant (chemical, physical)
-Definitive DX (incisional biopsy) -Adjunctive techniques (accelerate biopsy) |
|
|
Wha tis treatment of Leukoplakia?
|
-Surgical (laster useful)
-Chemoprevention -Follow-up |
|
|
Rountine screenings?
|
-Highest risk in adults over 40 who use tobacco and alcohol
-Systematic examination of lips and all intraoral sites -Look and feel for any deviations from normal anatomy -Establish a differential DX and definitive DX. |
|
|
If a lesion persists and a definitive diagnosis is node made, what should you do?
|
-Perform an incisional biopsy or refer the patient for biopsy
|
|
|
When is adjunctive technique used?
|
-used to accelerate biopsy if suspecision for dysplasia or malignancy is low or other reasons exist to delay biopsy.
|
