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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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cellular response depends on
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type/duration/severity of injury, type of cell injured
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high susceptibility cell types
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cells with high energy demands (brain, heart, renal tubules)
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stages of cell injury
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normal -> adaptation/cell injury -> reversible injury -> normal cell
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5 vulnerable systems for intracellular injury
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cell membrane, aerobic resp, protein synthesis, cytoskeletal, genetic apparatus
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biochemical mechanisms of cell injury
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ATP depletion, free radical induced, intracellular Ca and loss of Ca homeostasis, mitochondrial damage, membrane permeability defects
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free radical induced injury
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molecules with single unpaired electron, react readily
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free radical causes
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chemical, radiation, O2 toxicity, inflammation, reperfusion
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free radical protective mechanisms
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storage + transport proteins, antioxidants, enzymes
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Ca imbalance caused by
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ischemia, toxins |
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Ca influx leads to
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ATP depletion, membrane damage, DNA damage
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mitochondrial damage caused by
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cyanide, increased Ca, free radicals, phospholipases
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membrane permeability defects caused by
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indirect + direct damage |
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acute cell swelling
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early sublethal manifestation of damage- increased cell size + volume
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acute cell swelling appearance
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swollen, rounded edges, paler + heavier than normal
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acute cell swelling histo appearance
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enlarged pale cells (nuclei degrade with necrosis)
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acture cell swelling microscopic changes
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cloudy swelling, hydropic degeneration, ballooning degeneration
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