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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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WHAT IS ANOTHER NAME FOR PATHOGENICITY
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VIRULENCE
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WHAT ARE THE (2) METHODS USED TO MEASURE VIRULENCE
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INFECTIVE DOSE 50 (ID50)
LETHAL DOSE 50 ( LD50) |
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DEFINE INFECTIVE DOSE 50
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THE # OF PATHOGENS REQUIRED TO CAUSE A STATE OF INFECTION ( PATHOGEN IS ESTABLISHED AND GROWING) IN 50% OF AN EXPERIMENTAL POPULATION
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DEFINE INFECTIVE DOSE 50
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THE # OF PATHOGENS REQUIRED TO CAUSE A STATE OF INFECTION ( PATHOGEN IS ESTABLISHED AND GROWING) IN 50% OF AN EXPERIMENTAL POPULATION
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DEFINE LETHAL DOSE 50
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THE # OF PATHOGENS REQUIRED TO KILL 50% OF AN EXPERIMENTAL POPULATION
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WHAT ARE THE THREE WAYS A PATHOGEN BECOMES MORE VIRULENT
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INFECTIVITY
INVASIVENESS PATHOGENIC POTENTIAL |
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DEFINE INFECTIVITY
HOW IS INFECTIVITY IMPROVED |
ABILITY OF THE PATHOGEN TO ESTABLISH AN INITIAL SITE OF INFECTION
INFECTIVITY IS IMPROVED BY GLYCOCALYX, PILI, FIMBRIAE, ADHESINS----COMPOUNDS THAT ALLOW THE PATHOGEN TO BIND TO THE SURFACE ODF A HOST CELL |
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DEFINE INVASIVENESS
HOW IS INVASIVENESS IMPROVED |
THE ABILITY TO SPREAD BEYOND THE INITIAL SITE OF INFECTION
INVASIVNESS IS IMPROVED BY THE PRODUCTION OF ENZYMES SUCH AS GELITINASE, COLLAGENASE, THAT DEGRADE HOST TISSUES |
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WHEN DISCUSSING INVASIVENESS...WHAT DO STAPHYLOKENASE/STREPTOKINASE DO
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THEY INHIBIT BLOOD CLOTTING
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WHEN DISCUSSING INVASIVENESS,,,DESCRIBE MOTILITY
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FLAGELLA, CILIA, PSEUDOPODIA
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OUR BODIES HAVE 100 TRILLION MICROORGANISMS ON/IN OUR BODIES...BUT THEY'RE NOT ALL PATHOGENS...SO....WE NEED TO LOOK AT_____________
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PATHOGENIC POTENTIAL
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DEFINE PATHOGENIC POTENTIAL
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THE ABILITY TO CAUSE DAMAGE/MALFUNCTION IN HOST TISSUES
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WHAT ARE THE TWO WAYS TO CAUSE "DAMAGE"/ MALFUNCTION IN HOST TISSUES ( PATHOGENIC POTENTIAL)
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DIRECT DAMAGE
INTOXICATION |
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DEFINE DIRECT DAMAGE
WHAT MUST BE PRESENT FOR DAMAGE TO OCCUR DAMAGE IS LIMITED TO ______________________ |
DAMAGE CAUSED BY THE GROWTH OF THE PATHOGEN
THE PATHOGEN MUST BE PRESENT FOR DAMAGE TO OCCUR DAMAGE IS LIMITED TO THE LOCATION OF PATHOGEN GROWTH |
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GIVE AN EXAMPLE OF DIRECT DAMAGE
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ENTEROAGGREGATIVE E-COLI IN THE LARGE INTESTINE ( SEE FIGURE IN NOTES)
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DEFINE INTOXICATION ( ONE OF TWO PATHOGENIC POTENTIALS/DAMAGE)
IS THE PATHOGEN PRESENT WHERE IS THE DAMAGE |
THE DAMAGE CAUSED BY THE RELEASE OF TOXINS FROM THE PATHOGEN
THE PATHOGEN MAY NOT BE PRESENT DAMAGE IS NOT LIMITED TO THE LOCATION OF THE PATHOGEN ( BETTER SPREAD) |
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DESCRIBE EXOTOXINS
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EXOTOXINS ARE ALWAYS PROTEIN WITH ENZYMATIC ABILITY
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HOW ARE EXOTOXINS MADE
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THE TOXINS ARE ACTIVELY MADE AND SECRETED BY THE PATHOGEN
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ONCE EXOTOXINS ARE SECRETED,,,WHAT HAPPENS
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ONCE SECRETED, EXOTOXINS USUALLY HAVE A TISSUE-SPECIFIC TARGET ( ie NEUROTOXIN)
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ONCE AN EXOTOXIN REACHES THE TARGET TISSUE, WHAT HAPPENS
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ONCE AN EXOTOXIN REACHES THE TARGET TISSUE, IT USUALLY ENTERS THE CELLS AND CAUSES DAMAGE FROM INSIDE
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WHAT KINDS OF S/S DO EXOTOXINS CAUSE
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EXOTOXINS CAUSE PATHOGEN SPECIFIC S/S
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WHEN EXOTOXINS CAUSE "DAMAGE" INSIDE OF THE CELL....WHAT HAPPENS
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DAMAGE INSIDE OF THE CELL INHIBITS PROTEIN SYNTHESIS BY CLEAVING PART OF THE RIBOSOME
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DEFINE ADP-RIBOSYLATION
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THE EXOTOXIN CAUSES ADP-RIBOSE TO BE ATTATCHED TO CERTAIN PROTEINS IN THE HOST CELL ( INACTIVATES PROTEINS) EXAMPLE OF THE BOOT ON THE CAR
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EXO TOXINS INHIBIT INTRACELLULAR MOVEMENT IN THE HOST CELL ( MICROTUBULES)
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NOTE
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WHAT DOES BOTOX DO
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BLOCKS THE RELEASE OF NEUROTRANSMITTERS THAT STIMULATE MUSCLE CONTRACTION=PARALYSIS
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WHAT DOES TETANOSPASMIN ( AN EXO TOXIN) DO
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BLOCKS THE RELEASE OF NEUROTRANSMITTERS THAT INHIBIT MUSCLE CONTRACTION = UNCONTROLLED CONTRACTION "LOCK JAW"
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DEFINE ENDOTOXINS
WHERE DO ENDO TOXINS ORIGINATE WHEN ARE ENDOTOXINS RELEASED DO ENDO TOXINS HAVE SPECIFIC TARGETS DO ENDOTOXINS HAVE PATHOGEN SPECIFIC S/S |
USUALLY NOT PROTEIN, NO ENZYMATIC FUNCTION
\THEY ORIGINATE FROM A CELL STRUCTURE LIKE A CELL WALL ENDOTOXINS ARE RELEASED ONLY DURING REPLICATION OR LYSIS ENDO TOXINS DON'T HAVE SPECIFIC TARGETS. INSTEAD..THEY CIRCULATE IN BLOOD, LYMPH, AND THE SPACE BTWN CELLS ENDOTOXINS DON'T HAVE PATHOGEN SPECIFIC S/S |
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WHAT ARE THE MORE GENERAL EFFECTS OF ENDO TOXINS BASED ON
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THE MORE GENERAL EFFECTS ARE BASED ON [ ] . AT LOW [ ] FEVER CHILLS, WEAKNESS, ACHES, INFLAMATION
AT HIGH [ ] CAUSES BLOOD CLOTS , BLOOD CLOTS LOWER BLOOD PRESSURE WHICH CAUSES SEPTIC SHOCK AND DEATH |
