Patho Bleeding Disorders

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What am I?
*Of the inherited factors of hyperactivity, mutations in the factor V gene and prothrombin gene are the most common.
*The defect predisposes to recurrent deep vein thrombosis. Thromboses often occur during early adulthood rather than in childhood and are often precipitated by factors such as trauma and pregnancy.

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Hereditary disorders

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What am I?
Among the acquired or secondary factors that lead to increased coagulation and thrombosis are stasis due to prolonged bed rest or immobilization, myocardial infarction, cancer, hyperestrogenic states, and oral contraceptives. Smoking and obesity also promote hypercoagulability for unknown reasons.

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Acquired disorders

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What am I?
*A condition associated with antibodies directed against phospholipid binding proteins that function as anticoagulants.
*The disorder can manifest as a primary condition occurring in isolation with signs of hypercoagulability or as a secondary condition usually associated with system lupus erythematosus. With rapid onset, it is called catastrophic __________ syndrome.
*Women with this disorder commonly have a history of recurrent pregnancy losses after the 10th week of gestation because of ischemia and thrombosis of the placental vessels.

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Antiphospholipid Syndrome

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What am I?
A decrease in the number of circulating platelets to a level less than 10,000 micro liters.
*However, spontaneous bleeding usually does not occur until the platelet count falls below 20,000.

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Thrombocytopenia

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An autoimmune disorder, resulting in platelet antibody formation and excess destruction of platelets.
*It is characterized by sudden onset of petechia and purpura and is a self-limited disorder with no treatment.
*It is a disease of young people, peaking between the age of 18 to 40.

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Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic purpura

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What am I?
*Some drugs, such as quinine, quinidine, and certain sulfa-containing antibiotics, may induce thrombocytopenia. The anticoagulant drug heparin has been increasingly implicated in thrombocytopenia.

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Drug-induced Thrombocytopenia

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What am I?
A microvascular disorder characterized by widespread platelet thrombi in arterioles and capillaries of the heart, brain, and kidneys; thrombocytopenia; and fragmentation of erythrocytes as they circulate through the partly occluded vessels, causing hemolytic anemia and jaundice.
*Clinical manifestations include purpura, petechia, and vaginal bleeding and nerologic symptoms ranging from headache to seizures to altered consciousness.

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Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura

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What am I?
*Results from inherited disorders of adhesion or acquired defects caused by drugs disease or extracorporeal circulation. Defective platelet function is common in the end-stage renal disease because of the retention of uremic waste products.

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Impaired Platelet Function or Thrombocytopathia

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What am I?
Vitamin K deficiency, the liver produces the clotting factor in an inactive form. Vitamin K is a fat-soluble vitamin that is continuously being synthesized by intestinal bacteria.

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Impaired Synthesis of Coagulation Factors

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What am I?
Is an X linked recessive disorder that primarily affects males. In mild or moderate forms of the disease, bleeding usually does not occur unless there is a local lesion or trauma such as surgery or dental procedures. The mild disorder may not be detected in childhood. In severe hemophila, bleeding usually occurs in childhood.
*Characterisically, bleeding occurs in soft tissues, the gastrointestinal tract, and the hip, knee, elbow, and ankle joints.

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Hemophilia A

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What am I?
Typically diagnosed in adulthood, is the most common hereditary bleeding disorder. Symptoms include bruising, excess menstrual flow, and bleeding from the nose, mouth, and gastrointestinal tract.

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Von Willebrand Disease

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What am I?
*Disseminated intravascular coagulation is a paradox in the hemostatic sequence and is characterized by wide spread coagulation and bleeding in the vascular compartment.
*DIC begins with massive activation of the coagulation sequence as a result of unregulated generation of thrombin.
Remember DIC for this Disease

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Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation