Path: Quiz Review

Front 1

Nasocomial

Back 1

-Which term refers to an infection acquired in a hospital or health care facility?

Front 2

Communicable

Back 2

-Which term refers to a disease that is readily transmitted from one individual to another?

Front 3

Bilirubin

Back 3

-The condition jaundice or yellowish discoloration of the skin occurs when the body builds up excess ________.

Front 4

Protozoa and Rickettsiae

Back 4

-Which of the following is microorganism that can cause a disease?

Front 5

Idiopathic

Back 5

-Which term refers to an unknown cause of a disease?

Front 6

Determine the body surface area burned

Back 6

-In burn cases, the rule of nine is used to _______.

Front 7

First degree burns

Back 7

-Burns damage only outer layer, or epidermis

-No blister, no scarring

Front 8

Second degree burns

Back 8

-Burns involve entire depth of epidermis and portion of dermis

-blister, extends after initial burn

-Scarring

Front 9

Third degree burns

Back 9

-Burns affect all three layers of skin

-No pain because pain receptors are destroyed

Front 10

Fourth degree burns

Back 10

-Burns penetrate bone and cause bone damage

Front 11

On the sole of the foot

Back 11

-Planter warts are found _______.

Front 12

Lyme disease

Back 12

-An infectious disease that is transmitted by tick bite.

Front 13

Fungi

Back 13

-Tinea capitis, tinea pedis, and tinea cruris are caused by _________.

Front 14

Psoriasis

Back 14

-_______ is a chronic skin condition marked by thick, flaky, red patches of various sizes, covered with characteristic white, silvery patches.

Front 15

Herpes zoster

Back 15

-_______ is an eruption of extremely painful vesicles that occur in a band-like pattern along the course of a spinal nerve pathway.

Front 16

Boils

Back 16

-This skin infection is also called furuncles.

Front 17

Warts

Back 17

-This skin infection is caused by human papilloma virus.

Front 18

Staphylocuccus

Back 18

-Folliculitis is inflammation of the hair follicles and is usually caused by what type of bacteria?

Front 19

Herpes varicella

Back 19

-Chicken pox is caused by ______ virus.

Front 20

Herpes simplex type 1

Back 20

-Fever blisters or oral cold sore are caused by _______.

Front 21

Herpes simplex type 2

Back 21

-Genital herpes is caused by the _______ virus.

Front 22

Herpes zoster

Back 22

-Shingles is caused by the _______ virus.

Front 23

TNM classification

Back 23

-What system is used to determine the spread of a cancer?

Front 24

Grading

Back 24

-When the pathologist examined the microscopic appearance of a suspected cancer cell in order to determine the degree of cell differentiation, this is called _______.

Front 25

Papanocolaou (Pap) test

Back 25

-A type of cytology staining procedure that is highly effective in detecting early cancer of the cervix.

Front 26

Carcinoma

Back 26

-A type of solid tumors that originates from an epithelial tissue.

Front 27

BRCA1

Back 27

-Which type of gene increase the chance of developing breast cancer in women?

Front 28

Leukemias

Back 28

-Cancer from the body's blood-forming tissue within the bone marrow are called _______.

Front 29

Genetic mutation

Tobacco smoking

High fat diet

Back 29

-What increases your risk to develop cancer?

Front 30

Hodgkin disease

Back 30

-Which type of cancer is characterized by the Reed Sternberg cells?

Front 31

Sickle cell anemia

Back 31

-An inherited condition in which RBC cannot form properly.

Front 32

Cryosurgery

Back 32

-A type of surgery that uses liquid nitrogen to freeze and kill cancer.

Front 33

Pernicious anemia

Back 33

-Type of anemia due to deficiency of vitamin B 12.

Front 34

Acute myeloid leukemia

Back 34

-Characterized by hyperptoliferation of abnormal, immature white blood cell precursor.

Front 35

Ostepmalacia

Back 35

-_______ is a nutritional disorder in adult caused by a vitamin D or calcium deficiency.

Front 36

Uric Acid

Back 36

-For patients prone to gout, excessive protein ingestion will increase the _______ blood level.

Front 37

Cruciate

Back 37

-Which is not a type of arthritis?

Front 38

Rheumatoid arthritis

Back 38

-_______ is a chroic, systemic disease that is believed to be an autoimmune condition affecting the connective tissue of the body.

Front 39

Osteoarthritis

Back 39

-_______ is a degenerative condition that is a result of simple "wearing out" of a joint from a sports injury, trauma, repetitive motion, obesity, or just the aging process.

Front 40

Septic arthritis

Back 40

-_______ is the result of the infective process of a pathogen that was introduced to a joint from a penetrating wound or a blood-borne pathogen.

Front 41

Nutritional disorder

Back 41

-Osteomalacia, rickets, and scurvy are example of which of the following?

Front 42

Gout

Back 42

-This condition is characterized by excruciating pain in a joint due to elevated blood uric acid level, commonly affects the big toe.

Front 43

Osteomylitis

Back 43

-An acute or chronic inflammatory condition of the bone commonly caused by the bacteria staphylococcus aureus is _______.

Front 44

Planter fasciitis

Back 44

-This injury is a repetitive impact trauma ti the heel affecting the thick and fibrous connective tissue that extends the length of the foot beginning at the heel.

Front 45

Myalgia

Back 45

-Which term is used to designate muscle pain?

Front 46

Autoimmune

Back 46

-Myasthenia gravis is a/an _______ disorder.

Front 47

Unknown

Back 47

-The etiology of fibromyalgia is _______.

Front 48

Genetic

Back 48

-Duchenne muscular dystrophy is a/an _______ defect in muscle protein, causes disintegration of muscle fiber.

Front 49

Keeps muscles constantly contracted

Back 49

-The bacteria clostridium tetani release a toxin that _______.

Front 50

Waste away

Back 50

-Atrophy means muscles _______.

Front 51

Strain

Back 51

-_______ is an injury that is the result of overuse, over stretching, or forcible stretching of a muscle beyond its functional capacity. It sometimes involves a tendon or ligament.

Front 52

Shin splints

Back 52

-A common running-related inflammatory injury of the extensor muscles and surrounding tissues of the lower legs is called _______.

Front 53

Multiple sclerosis

Back 53

-Which of the following is a medical disorder in which the myelin in the CNS has been destroyed?

Front 54

The patient's ability to open their eyes on command

Back 54

-The Glasgow Coma Scale is based on all of following except _______.

Front 55

Cerebral palsy

Back 55

-A permanent non- progressive brain disorder before 2 years old.

Front 56

Breathe

Back 56

-A quadriplegic with damage high in the cervical spinal cord may have a paralyzed diaphragm, such that the patient cannot _______ on his own.

Front 57

Dopamine

Back 57

-The treatment of Parkinson's disease typically involves _______-enhancing drugs.

Front 58

Meningitis

Back 58

-Inflammation of the membranes covering the brain and spinal cord is called _______.

Front 59

Paraplegia

Back 59

Loss of motor and sensory control of the trunk of the body and lower extremities as a result of a spinal cord injury describes _______.

Front 60

Fast movement

Back 60

Symptoms of Parkinson's involve all of the following except _______.

Front 61

Guillain Berre syndrome

Back 61

-This disease is characterized by ascending paralysis.

Front 62

Concussion

Back 62

-A mild brain injury is commonly known as a _______.

Front 63

Transient ischemic attack

Back 63

-Temporary often recurrent episode of impaired neurological activity resulting from insufficient blood flow to a part of the brain.

Front 64

Hydrocephalus

Back 64

-Condition where there is too much CSF in the skull.

Front 65

Contusion

Back 65

-_______, which is swelling and bleeding at the site of injury, is more serious than concussion.

Front 66

Bell palsy

Back 66

-Paralysis of the muscle on one side of the face due to disorder of the facial nerve.

Front 67

A tumor that has not spread

Back 67

-The carcinoma in situ means _______.

Front 68

Sarcomas

Back 68

-The cancer of connective tissue is known as _______.

Front 69

Pancreas

Back 69

-The _______ gland is important in regulating blood glucose.

Front 70

Diabetes insipidus

Back 70

-A deficiency in the release of vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone ADH) by the posterior pituitary gland causes _______.

Front 71

Acromegaly

Back 71

-Hypersecretion of GH that causes overgrowth of the hans and feet, abnormal thickening of the bones of the face, and excessive overgrowth of soft tissue, occurring in adulthood, is called _______.

Front 72

Pancreas

Back 72

-Insulin and glucagon are produced by _______.

Front 73

Cushing's syndrome

Back 73

-The syndrome caused by hypersecretion of the adrenal cortex, which results in excessive circulating cortisol levels, fatigue, muscular weakness, and changes in body appearance is called _______.

Front 74

Hyposecretion of GH

Back 74

-Dwarfism can be caused by a _______.

Front 75

Acromegaly

Back 75

-Excessive GH secretion due to non-cancerous pituitary tumor in adult.

Front 76

Type 1 diabetes

Back 76

-Persistent elevated blood sugar due to lack of insulin in childhood.

Front 77

Ketoacidosis

Back 77

-An acute complication of uncontrolled type 1 diabetes

Front 78

Graves disease

Back 78

-Oversecretion of thyroid hormone due to autoimmune disorder

Front 79

Hb A1c

Back 79

-Laboratory test that determine the average blood sugar for the past 3 months.

Front 80

Atherosclerosis

Back 80

-Peripheral vascular disease (PVD) is caused by _______.

Front 81

Angina Pectoris

Back 81

-Ischemia of the myocardium causes _______.

Front 82

Holter momitor

Back 82

-Procedure during which the patient's heart rate and rhythm are continuously recorded as an outpatient for 24 hours.

Front 83

Endocarditis

Back 83

-An infectious heart disease is characterized by the formation of abnormal growth called vegetation on the heart valves in the endocardial lining.

Front 84

Aneurysm

Back 84

-This is a condition where an artery has become abnormally widened because of a localized weakness in the arterial wall.

Front 85

Atherosclerosis

Back 85

-Thickening of the walls of small arteries and arterioles due to fatty deposit.

Front 86

Varicose veins

Back 86

-This is a condition usually found in the legs where blood pools in the veins because the veins have become dilated and distorted.

Front 87

Angioplasty

Back 87

-The procedure where a catheter with a balloon is threaded into a coronary artery and expanded to compress the plaque and widen the lumen is called ______.

Front 88

Intermittent claudication

Back 88

-THe condition in which a narrowed peripheral artery cannot supply adequate blood to the muscle tissue causing muscle cramping.

Front 89

Pulmonary edema

Back 89

-Signs and symptoms of right-sided heart failure include all but _______.

Front 90

Arrhythmias

Back 90

-Abnormal heart rhythm are called _______.

Front 91

Fibrillation

Back 91

-Of the abnormal rapid, irregular heartbeats of the atria or ventricle, where blood stagnate.

Front 92

120-90/80-60 mmHg

Back 92

-What is normal blood pressure?

Front 93

Emphyma

Back 93

-Accumulation of pus in the pleural space is called as _______.

Front 94

Mitral stenosis

Back 94

-Blood flow is obstructed from left atrium to left ventricle.

Front 95

Myocardial infarction

Back 95

-A condition caused by absent of blood flow to heart muscle

Front 96

Pernicious anemia

Back 96

-Type of anemia due to inadequate level of vitamin B12.

Front 97

Sickle cell anemia

Back 97

-An inherited condition in which RBC and hemoglobin morecules cannot form properly

Front 98

Hemophilia

Back 98

-An inherited blood disorder that impair bloof clotting.

Front 99

Thrombocytopenia

Back 99

-A condition with low platelet count.

Front 100

Chronic bronchitis

Back 100

-A recurrent inflammatory condition of the airways for a least 3 month in a year for 2 consecutive years. This condition is called _______.

Front 101

Pneumothorax

Back 101

-A collection of air or gas in the thoracic cavity, as the result of a stab wound or gunshot wound to the chest describes a condition called _______.

Front 102

Emphysema

Back 102

-_______ is a destructive disease of the alveolar walls and terminal bronchioles resulting in chronic dyspnea, and cough.

Front 103

Pleural effusion

Back 103

-_______ is a condition in which there is an excessive build-up of fluid in the pleural space b/w the parietal and visceral pleura.

Front 104

Hemothorax

Back 104

-_______ is blood in the pleural space.

Front 105

Cystic fibrosis

Back 105

-_______ is a hereditary disease that causes excessive thick secretions, repeated infections, large salt losses, and difficult digestion

Front 106

Acute epiglottitis

Back 106

-Respiratory distress, drooling, dysphagia, and dysphonia are the four Ds that are signs of this potentially dangerous disease, _______.

Front 107

Bronchial Asthma

Back 107

-_______ is distinguished by having reversible airway narrowing hyperreactivity; and is most commonly characterized as an inflammatory process.

Front 108

Chronic bronchitis

Back 108

-Inflammation of the bronchial mucous membranes causing the lining to thicken and produce a chronically productive cough.

Front 109

Bronchiectasis

Back 109

-A permanent abnormal dilation of bronchi characterized by three layer sputum.

Front 110

Pneumoconiosis

Back 110

-A chronic disease of the respiratory tract caused by inhalation of inorganic dust

Front 111

Hiatal

Back 111

-The type of hernia where the stomach protrudes through the diaphragm and into the thoracic cavity is _______.

Front 112

Crohn's disease

Back 112

-_______ is a form of chronic inflammatory bowel disease.

Front 113

Gastroenteritis

Back 113

-_______ is caused by a viral and/or bacterial infection and /or inflammation of the stomach and small intestines.

Front 114

Chelitis

Back 114

-This condition is the cracking and associated inflammation found on the lips and corners of the mouth are not caused by cancer, but rather can be traced to infections, allergies, or even to nutritional deficiency.

Front 115

Celiac sprue

Back 115

-_______ is a chronic condition in which wheat glutens cause damage to the mucosa of the small intestine, creating a malabsorption situation.

Front 116

Diverticulitis

Back 116

-Infection and inflammation of the sacs in the intestinal tract, especially the colon, is called _______.

Front 117

Hemorrhoids

Back 117

-_______ is varicose veins of the rectum.

Front 118

Inguinal hernia

Back 118

-A hernia or out-pouching of intestines into the inguinal region of the body is called _______.

Front 119

Irritable bowel syndrome

Back 119

-_______ is disturbance in the functions of the intestine from unknown causes. Symptoms can include bloating and an alteration ob bowel activity.

Front 120

Intussusceptions

Back 120

-_______ are the result of the intestine slipping or telescoping into another section of intestine just below it, often in the ileocecal region.

Front 121

Peritonitis

Back 121

-_______ is an infectious or inflammatory process of the peritoneum.

Front 122

Volvulus

Back 122

-This is a condition as a result of congenital deformity or a foreign body in which the bowel twists upon itself and causes an obstruction.

Front 123

Polyposis

Back 123

-_______ are small growths that contains a pedicle or foot-like attachment in the mucous membranes of the large colon

Front 124

Stomach

Back 124

-An EGD would include viewing which of the following.

Front 125

Appendicitis

Back 125

-Which if the following is a possible diagnosis for a patient with pain in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen?

Front 126

Common bile duct

Back 126

-During surgery the patient was found to have choledocholithiasis. In the operative report that describes what was done during the surgery, which anatomical structure will have to be mentioned?

Front 127

Anastomosis

Back 127

-The patient had surgery to remove a part of his intestine and rejoin the cut ends of intestine. The word for this procedure is _______.

Front 128

Hematochezia

Back 128

-The passage of blood in the stool is _______.

Front 129

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

Back 129

ERCP

Front 130

Cirrhosis

Back 130

-Chronic, progressive inflammation and finally irreversible degeneration of liver tissue, characterized by nodules and scarring, is known as _______.

Front 131

Incontinences

Back 131

-The inability to voluntarily control bowel movements because of paralysis or demential is known as _______.

Front 132

Colon

Back 132

-A barium enema uses a contrast medium to outline the _______.

Front 133

Exploratory laparotomy

Back 133

-Which surgery makes an abdominal incision to widely open the abdominopelvic cavity?

Front 134

Peptic ulcer disease

Back 134

-The bacterium Helicobacter pylory infection causes _______.