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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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When the kidneys are no longer able to maintain a balance, the patient develops _________ Syndrome.
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Uremic
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What are typical symptoms of the uremic syndrome?
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fatigue, increased irritability, difficulty breathing, difficulty concentrating, nausea, loss of appetite, itching, fluid retention
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What are typical signs of the uremic syndrome?
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hypertension, peripheral edema, anemia, acidosis, low serum calcium, high serum phosphate/potassium, high levels of nitrogenous wastes in blood
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True or false: The cortex often things during CKD.
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true
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In CKD, tubules may atrophy and be replaced with _________.
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fibrous tissue
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Since the number of functional nephrons decreases in CKD, the GFR of the remaining nephrons _________.
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increases
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Since the single-nephron GFR is increased in CKD, more _______ and ________ is allowed to pass to the bladder.
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salt, water
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Which hormone stimulates the amount of calcium reabsorbed by the nephron?
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Parathyroid hormone
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Increased hydrostatic pressure across the glomerular capillary membrane can lead to __________.
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glomerulosclerosis
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The bone disease than can be associated with CKD is ____________.
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renal osteodystrophy
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Which substance is often used to help measure GFR.
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creatnine
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A patient in CKD stage five is experiencing __________.
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kidney failure
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True or false: There are few to no complications experienced in CKD stage one.
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true
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An increase in what may be detectable in CKD stage 2.
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blood pressure
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What are the five major risk factors for CKD?
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1. hypertension
2. proteinuria 3. diabetes 4. smoking 5. lipids |
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What two types of drugs help reduce proteinuria?
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ACE inhibitors and ARBs.
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True or false: We have a pretty comprehension of the processes of chronic rejection.
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false
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The lesions in chronic rejection involve what parts of the kidney.
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all parts
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Are there effective treatments for chronic rejection?
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no
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How long might the process of chronic rejection last?
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months to years
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