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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Acetaminophen |
Class, antipyretic analgesic Action, blocks mediators of pain and fever Indications, reduce fever and relieve mild to moderate pain Contraindications, known hypersensitivity children under 3 Precautions, malnourished or alcoholism pt Side effects, renal and liver impairment Adult dose, 325-650 mg PO Q 4-6 hrs 4 doses a day max Pedi dose, 15 mg/kg PO PR 7mg/lb |
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Activated charcoal |
Class, absorbent Action, adheres to ingested poisons and the GI tract to inhibit absorption of substances Indications acute ingestion of a poison Contraindications, impaired consciousness reduced gag reflex ingestion of caustic substances Precautions, give slowly to reduce chance of vomiting Side effects, nausea vomiting constipation black stools Adult dose, 1gm/kg mixed with 25 grams water or sorbitol Pedia, same as adult |
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Adenosine |
Class, antiarrhythmic Action, slows electrical conduction through the AV node interrupts re-entry pathways in the SA and AV nodes restores sinus rhythm in PSVT Indications, PSVT refractory to vagal maneuvers Contraindications, advanced heartblocks known hypersensitivity sick sinus syndrome or symptomatic bradycardia Precautions, arrhythmias including blocks are common at time of conversion bronchospasm in asthmatics Side effects, facial flushing headache shortness of breath dizziness and nausea Adult dose, 6mg given rapid iv push over 1-3 seconds followed immediately by a 20 ml n/s flush over 1-3 seconds, if rhythm does not convert within 1-2 mins administer 12 mg rapid iv push followed by 20 ml n/s flush if rhythm does not convert repeat 12mg with flush Pedi dose, .1mg/kg initially, max of 6mg iv push with 10 ml n/s flush if rhythm does not conversation in 1-2 mins repeat dose .2mg/kg to max of 12 mh with 10 ml n/s flush |
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Amiodarone |
Class, antidysrhythmic Action, relaxes vascular smooth muscle decreases peripheral vascular resistance increases coronary blood flow blocks effects of sympathetic stimulation Indications, treat life threatening ventricular rhythm supraventricular dysrhythmias of unknown origin refractory to adenosine Contraindications, known hypersensitivity presence of cardiogenic shock severe sinus bradycardia advanced av blocks Precautions, pt with liver disease Side effects, fatigue dizziness headache unsteady gate bradycardia hypotension sinus arrest cardiogenic shock chf severe dysrhythmias available block with over administration Adult dose, C/A v/f or v/t 300 MG iv/IO bolus, 3-5 150mg in 100 ml d5w infused over 10 mins V/t with pulse, 150 mg in 100 ml d5w over 10 mins Pedi dose c/a v/f v/t 5mg/kg iv/IO bolus 300mg max VT with pulse, 5mg/kg over 20-60 mins max 120mg |
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Amyl-nitrate |
Class, nitrate cyanide antidote Action, when inhaled converts hemoglobin to methemoglobin which forms a non-toxic compound with cyanide which degrades in the body Indications, adjunct antidote in the treatment of cyanide poisoning Contraindications, none in emergent setting Precaution, none Side effects, syncope headache orthostatic hypotension cardiovascular collapse Adult dose .3 ampule crushed every minute and inhaled over 15-30 seconds until sodium nitrate infusion is ready. Pedi dose, same as adult |
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Anistreplase |
Class, Thrombolytic Action, dilution of blood clots by converting plasminogen to plasmin which is removed by the plasma Indication, reduce infarct size in acute mi Contraindications, recent surgery active bleeding disorders recent trauma Precautions, gi bleeding cvs disease oral blood thinners hypertension over 75 Side effects, hemorrhage reperfusion dysrhythmias hypotension Adult dose, 30 units iv over 2-5 min Pedi dose, not recommended. |
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Antacid |
Class, antacid Action, gastric acid neutralization Indications, chest pain of suspecting gastrointestinal origin Contraindication, none Precaution, mask epigastric pain of cardiac nature Side effects, none Adult dose 30 ml orally Pedi dose, not applicable |
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Acetylsalicylic acid |
Class, antipyretic analgesic antiplatlet aggregate Action, blocks mediators of pain and fever, blocks ability of platelets to format clots Indications, chest pain of cardiac nature Contraindications, known hypersensitivity recent surgery gi bleeding in last 14 days pt already on blood thinners Precautions, may exacerbate asthma, rye syndrome in children Side effects, bleeding prolongation wheezing in asthmatics Adult dose 160-325mg posted Pedi dose, 10-15 mg/kg max 160 |
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Atenolol |
Class, antidysrhythmic antihypertensive Action, reduces rate and force of cardiac contraction reducing cardiac output and blood pressure it increases peripheral vascular resistance Indication, to treat acs including None Q wave MI and unstable angina. May also reduce instances of vf Contraindications, sinus bradycardia advanced heartblocks chf cardiogenic shock Precautions, use caution in pt with asthma and copd and chf pt controlled with digitalis and diuretics Side effects, hypotension bradycardia chf dysrhythmias Adult dose, 5mg slow IV (over 5 mins) may repeat after 10 mins if first dose is well tolerated Pedi dose .8-1.5mg/kg/day PO |
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Atracurium |
Class, neuromuscular blocker Action, skeletal muscle relaxant that produces short term neuromuscular blockade with minimal cardiovascular effect Indications, skeletal muscle relaxation to facilitate endotracheal intubation and positive pressure ventilation. Contraindications, pt with myasthenia Gravis. Precaution, pts with asthma where a histamine release would be detrimental Side effects, Brady or tachycardia respiratory depression anaphylaxis Adult dose .5-1.0mg iv repeat q 3-5min up to a maximum of .04mg/kg total Pedi dose, .02mg/kg iv, repeated q 5 mins to a maximum of 1mg |
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Atropine sulfate |
Class parasympatholytic (vagolytic) Action, blocks acetylcholine receptors, increases SA node discharge, enhances conduction through the AV node and increases cardiac output Indications,symptomatic bradycardia Contraindication, none in emergent setting Precaution, pt with history of MI or ischemia, pt with glaucoma (raises icp) Side effects may increase Brady in available blocks hypertension palpation afib a-flutter, tachydysrhythmias Adult dose, iv/IO. 5-1.0 mg to a maximum total dose of 3 mg. Organo phosphate poisoning, 3mg Pedi dose, .02 mg/kg max .5 as a precursor to ett intubation |
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Bumetanide |
Class, loop diuretic Action, inhibits sodium and chloride reabsorption by direct action on the proximal ascending loop of Henley Indication, promote diuresis in chf and pulmonary edema Contraindications, hypersensitivity to sulfonamides Precaution, use in pregnancy should be limited to life threatening arrhythmias Side effects, hypovolemia hypotension chest pain ecg changes Adult dose, .5-1mg iv/IO over 1-2 minutes repeat dose may be given in 2-3 hours. Pedi dose, not recommended |
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Butorphanol |
Class, synthetic narcotic analgesic Action, synthetic central acting analgesic mixed narcotic actions Indication, relief of moderate to severe pain Contraindications, hypersensitivity head injury undiagnosed abdominal pain Precautions, pt with narcotic dependence Side effects, respiratory depression, sedation, palpitations, nausea Adult dose 1 mg iv/IO or 3-4mg im Pedi dose, not recommended |
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Calcium chloride |
Class, electrolyte Action, causes significant increase in myocardial contractility and in vascular automacity used in renal function and blood clotting mechanics Indications, treatment of hyperkalemia, hypocalcemia hypermagnesia and calcium channel blocker toxicity Contraindications, vfib hypercalcemia possible digitalis toxicity Side effects, tingling feeling, nausea Precaution, pt taking digotoxin Adult dose 2-4 mg/kg (10%sol) iv/IO Q10 minutes as needed Pedi dose, 20mg/kg (10%sol) iv/IO may be repeated once @10 mins |
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Calcium gluconate burns |
Class, electrolyte Action, topical pain relief from hydrofluoric acid burns Indication, Known hfa burn Contraindication, known hypersensitivity, not for eyes Precautions, none Side effects none Dosage, 2.5% topical solution applied to area of hfa burn |
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Calcium gluconate |
Class, electrolyte Action, acts like digitalis on the heart, increases muscle tone and force of systolic contraction (positive inotropic effect) making it essentially useful for pt with sympathomimetic blockade Indication, cardiac toxicity of of hyperkalemia antidote for magnesium sulfate treat calcium channel blocker overdose Contraindication, vfib Precautions, digitalis pt, renal impairment, cardiac insufficiency and immobilized pt Side effects, hypotension bradycardia dysrhythmias cardiac arrest Adult dose 5-8ml of 10% solution iv/IO may be repeated at 10 min intervals as necessary Pedi dose, not recommended |
