Paramedic Drug Cards

Front 1

Mechanism of action for
-Aspirin- ASA-

Back 1

Prevents the formation of a chemical known as thromboxane A2, which causes platelets to clump together, or aggregate, and form plugs that cause obstruction or constriction of small coronary arteries.

Front 2

Indications for -Aspirin-

Back 2

-Fever
-Inflammation
-Angina
-Acute MI

Front 3

Adverse reactions of -Aspirin-

Back 3

-Anaphylaxis
-Angioedema
-Bronchospasm
-Bleeding
-Stomach irritation
-Nausea/vomiting

Front 4

Contraindications of Aspirin.

Back 4

-GI Bleeding
-Active ulcer disease
-Hemorrhagic Stroke
-Bleeding disorders
-Children w/ chickenpox or flulike symptoms
-Known sensitivity

Front 5

Dosage of Aspirin.

Back 5

MI-
Adult:160-324mg PO
Pediatric: 3-5mg/kg/day
Pain or Fever-
Adult: 324-650mg PO

Front 6

Mechanism of Action for
-TERBUTALINE-
(BRETHINE)

Back 6

Stimulates the Beta2 receptor, producing relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle and bronchodilation.

Front 7

Indications of
-Terbutaline-

Back 7

Prevention and reversal of bronchospasm.

Front 8

Adverse Reactions of
-Terbutaline-

Back 8

-Cardiac arrhythmias
-Angina
-Anxiety
-Headache
-Tremor
-Palpitations
-Dizziness

Front 9

Contraindications of
-Terbutaline-

Back 9

-Known sensitivity to sympathomimetics.
-Use with caution in patients with HTN, cardiac disease, cardiac arrhythmias, diabetes, MAOI therapy, pheochromocytoma, thyrotoxicosis, seizure disorder, and elderly.

Front 10

Doseage: -Terbutaline-

Back 10

Adult:
-0.25mg Sub-Q every 20min for 3 doses.
- The usual site for injection is the lateral deltoid.

Pediatric:
-0.01mg/kg Sub-Q every 20min for 3doses

Front 11

Mechanism of Action:
-Racemic Epinephrine-

Back 11

Stimulates both alpha and beta receptors, causing vasoconstriction, reduced mucosal edema, and bronchodilation.

Front 12

INDICATIONS:
-Racemic Epinephrine-

Back 12

-Bronchial asthma
-Croup

Front 13

ADVERSE REACTIONS:
-Racemic Epinephrine-

Back 13

-Anxiety
-Dizziness
-Headache
-Tremor
-Palpations
-Tachycardia
-Cardiac arrhythmias
-Hypertension
-Nausea/vomiting

Front 14

CONTRAINDICATIONS:
-Racemic Epinephrine-

Back 14

-Glaucoma
-Elderly
-Cardiac disease
-Hypertension
-Thyroid disease
-Diabetes
-Known sensitivity to sulfites.

Front 15

DOSAGE:
-Racemic Epinephrine-

Back 15

Adult:
-Add 0.5ml to neb, jet neb-add 3ml.

Pediatric:
> 4: Same as adult.
< 4: none

Front 16

MOA:
-Albuterol/Ipratropium (Combivent)-

Back 16

Binds and stimulates beta2 receptors, resulting in relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle, and antagoinzes the acetylcholine receptor, producing brochodialation,

Front 17

INDICATIONS:
-Albuterol/Ipratropium (Combivent)-

Back 17

-2nd line Tx in COPD or severe acute asthma exacerbation during medical transport.

Front 18

ADVERSE REACTIONS:
-Albuterol/Ipratropium (Combivent)

Back 18

-Headache
-Cough
-Nausea
-Arrhythmias
-Paradoxical acute bronchospam

Front 19

CONTRAINDICATIONS:
-Albuterol/Ipratropium (Combivent)

Back 19

-Allergy to soybeans or peanuts.
-Known sensitivity to atropine, albuterol, or thier respective derivatives
-Used with caution in patients with asthma, HTN, angina, cardiac arrhythmias, tachycardia, CVD, congenital lon QT syndrome, closed-angle glaucoma.

Front 20

DOSAGE:
-Albuterol/Ipratropium (Combivent)

Back 20

Adult:
-2 puffs inhaled every 6hrs by MDI w/ max 12/day

Peds:
Not recommended.

Front 21

MOA; Albuterol

Back 21

Binds and stimulates beta2 receptors, resulting in relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle,

Front 22

Indications for albuterol

Back 22

Asthma
Bronchitis
COPD

Front 23

Adverse reactions: albuterol

Back 23

Hyperglycemia
Hypokalemia
Palpitations, anxiety, insomnia
Sinus Tach
Tremor
Nausea/vomiting
Throat irritation, dry mouth, epistaxis
Hypertension
Dyspepsia
Headache
Paradoxical bronchospasm

Front 24

Contraindications: Albuterol

Back 24

Angioedema
Sensitivity to albuterol or levalbuterol

Front 25

Doseage: Albuterol

Back 25

Acute Bronchospasm:
Adult:
-MDI- 4-8 puffs Q1-4hrs
-Neb- 2.5-5mg Q20min
Pedi:
MDI >4 2puffs q4-6 hr
< admin neb
Neb- >12 0.5mg/kg/hr
< 12 0.15mg/kg/hr q20min

Front 26

MOA:
-IPRATROPIUM BROMIDE (ATROVENT)

Back 26

Antagonizes the acetylcholine receptor on bronchial smooth muscle, producing brochodilation.

Front 27

Adverse reactions:
IPRATROPIUM BROMIDE (ATROVENT)

Back 27

-Paradoxical acute bronchospasm
-Cough
-Throat irritation
-Headache
-Dizziness
-Dry Mouth
-Palpitations

Front 28

CONTRAINDICATIONS:
IPRATROPIUM BROMIDE (ATROVENT)

Back 28

-Closed-angle glaucoma
-Bladder neck obstruction
-Prostatic hypertrophy
-Known sensitivity, including peanuts or soybeans and atropine or atropine derivatives.

Front 29

DOSAGE:
IPRATROPIUM BROMIDE (ATROVENT)

Back 29

Neb:
Adult: 0.5mg q6-8hrs
Pedi: 5yr-14yr: 0.25-0.5mg q20min for 3 doses.
MDI:
Adult:4 puffs q10min no more than 24 puffs/24hrs
Pedi:
>12: 2-3 puffs q6-8 hr
< 5-12yr: 1-2 puffs q6-8hrs

Front 30

MOA:
ETOMIDATE

Back 30

appears to have GABA-like effects.

Front 31

INDICATIONS:
ETOMIDATE

Back 31

-Induction for RSI and PAI
-Induction of anesthesia.

Front 32

Adverse Reations:
ETOMIDATE

Back 32

-Hypotension
-Respiratory depression
-Pain at the site of injection
-Temporary involuntary muscle movements
-Frequent nausea/vomiting on emergence
-Adrenal insufficiency
-Hyperventilation
-Hypoventilation
-Apnea of short duration
-Hiccups
-Laryngospasm
-Snoring
-Tachypnea
-Hypertension
-Cardiac arrhythmias.

Front 33

Contraindications:
ETOMIDATE

Back 33

-Known sensitivity
-Use in pregnancy only if the potential benefits justify the potential risk to the fetus.
-Do not use during labor and avoid in nursing mothers.

Front 34

Dosage:
ETOMIDATE

Back 34

Adult:
-0.2-0.6 slow mg/kg IV, IO
- typical adult dose is 20mg consider less in elderly or pts with cardiac conditions.
Pediatric:
-Older than 10: same as adult
-Younger than 10 not used.

Front 35

Classification:
ETOMIDATE

Back 35

Sedative/Hypnotic

Front 36

Classification:
Acetaminophen

Back 36

Analgesic/ Antipyretic

Front 37

MOA:
Acetaminophen

Back 37

Inhibits prostaglandin synthesis in the central and peripheral nervous system.
Although exact mechanisms are unknown, the antiinflammatory effects are minimal.
This drug reduces fever via action in the hypothalamus but is less effective than ibuprofen at reducing fever in children.

Front 38

Indications:
Acetaminophen

Back 38

Mild to moderate pain and commonly used in the tx of fever.

Front 39

Adverse Effects:
Acetaminophen

Back 39

Overdose is often fatal secondary to liver toxicity and must be treated as a medical emergency.
Blood dyscrasias including hemolytic anemia and renal dysfunction are rare but possible.

Front 40

Contraindications:
Acetaminophen

Back 40

Not to be used with known sensitivity.

Front 41

Dosage:
Acetaminophen

Back 41

Adults:
-650-1000mg every 4-6 hrs, not to exceed 4000mg/day

Pediatric:
-<2yrs: not to be used without physicians advice.
-2-12yrs: 10-15mg/kg every 4-6hrs, max 50-75mg/kg/day.

Front 42

Class:
Activated Charcoal.

Back 42

Antidote, Adsorbent

Front 43

MOA:
Activated Charcoal.

Back 43

When certain chemicals and toxins are in proximity to the activated charcoal, the chemical will attach to the surface of the charcoal and become trapped.

Front 44

Indications:
Activated Charcoal

Back 44

Toxic Ingestion

Front 45

Adverse Effects:
Activated Charcoal

Back 45

Nausea/vomiting.
Constipation
diarrhea
if aspirated, can induce a fatal form of pneumonitis

Front 46

Contraindications:
Activated Charcoal

Back 46

Ingestions of:
Acids
Alkalis
Ethanol
Methanol
Cyanide
Ferrous sulfate or other iron salts.
Lithium
Coma
GI Obstruction

Front 47

Dosage:
Activated Charcoal

Back 47

Adult: 25-100g/dose
Pediatric: 1-2g/kg