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5 Cards in this Set

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  • Back
Adenosine (Adenocard)
CLASS: Endogenous Nucleoside

ONSET: Immediate

DURATION: 10 sec

INDIACTIONS: First drug for most forms of narrow-complex paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia in adults and pediatric pt.

CONTRAINDICATIONS: 2nd or 3rd degree atrioventricular block, or sick sinus syndrome. Hyoersensitivity to adenosine. Atrial flutter, atrial fibrillation, ventricular tachycardia.

ADVERSE REACTIONS: Light Headedness, Paresthesias, Headache, Diaphoresis, Palpitations, Chest pain, Flushing, Hypotension, SOB, Transient periods of bradycardia, Sinus pause, or Bradyaystole, Ventricular ectopy (fibrillation, flutter, tachycardia, torsades de pointes), Nausea, Metallic taste.

DRUG INTERACTIONS: Methylxanthines, Dipyridamole, Carbamazepine.

HOW SUPPLIED: Parenteral for IV injection 3mg/ml in 2ml and 5ml flip-top vials.

DOSAGE & ADMINISTRATION: Adult: Initial 6mg rapid IV bolus over 1-3 sec, followed by a 20ml saline flush; elevate extremity.
Repeat Dose: If no response is observed after 1-2 min, administer a 12mg repeat dose in the same manner; may repeat once in 1-2 min (max single dose: 12mg)
Pediatric: Initial dose 0.1mg/kg my be doubled once (max first dose: 6mg); rapid IV bolus, followed by 5ml saline flush.
Amiodarone (Cordarone)
CLASS: Class 3 Atidysrhythmic

ONSET: Within min.

DURATION: Variable

INDIACTIONS (IV Use): Initial treatment and prophylaxis of frequently recurring ventricular fibrillation and hemodynamically unstable ventricular tachycardia in patients refractory to other therapy. Refractory paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia in conjunction with electrical cardioversion.

CONTRAINDICATIONS: Pulmonary congestion, Cardiogenic shock, Hypotension, Sensitivity to amiodarone, Bradycardia.

ADVERSE REACTIONS: Hypotension, Headache, Dizziness, Bradycardia, Atrioventricular conduction abnomalities, Flushing, Abnormal salivation.

DRUG INTERACTIONS: May potentiate bradycardia and hypotension with beta blocker and calcium channel blockers, May increase risk of atrioventricular block and hypotension with calcium channel blockers, May increase anticoagulant effects of warfarin, May decrease metabolism and increase serum levels of phenytoin, procainomide, quinidine, and theophyllines, Rountine use in combination with drugs that prolong the Q-T interval is not recommended, Y-site incompatibilities with furosemide, heparin, and sodium bicarbonate.

HOW SUPPLIED: 50mg/ml vials

DOSAGE & ADMINISTRATION: Adult: Pulseless arrest 300mg IV push (diluted in 20-30ml of NS or D5W, Consider repeating 150mg IV push in 3-5 min (max cumulative dose:2.2g IV/24hr
Wide-complex tachycardia: May be given as rapid infusion 150mg IV over first 10 min (15 mg/min) repeated every 10 min as needed; or by slow infusion 360mg IV over 6hr (1mg/min). Maintenance infusion: 540mg IV over 18hr (0.5mg/min)
Pediatric: Pulseless arrest: 5mg/kg rapid IV bolus, Perfusing tachycardia: Loading dose 5mg/kg IV/IO over 20-60min (max dose: 15mg/kg/day IV)
Aspirin
CLASS: Analgesic, Antiinflammatory, Antipyretic, Antiplatelet.

ONSET: 15-30 min.

DURATION: 4-6 hr

INDICATIONS: Mild to moderate pain or fever, Prevention of platelet aggregation in ischemia and thromboembolism, Unstable angina, Prevention of myocardial infarction or reinfarction.

CONTRAINDICATIONS: Hypersitivity to salicylates, Gastrointestinal bleeding, Active ulcer disease, Hemorrhagic Stroke, Bleeding disorders, Children with flulike symptoms.

ADVERSE REACTIONS: Stomach irriation, Heartburn or indigestion, Nausea or vomiting, Allergic reaction.

DRUG INTERACTIONS: Decreased effects with antacids and steriods, Increased effects with anticoagulants, insulin, oral hypoglcemics, fibrinolytic agents.

HOW SUPPLIED: Tablets (65, 81, 325, 500, 650, 975 mg), Capsules (325, 500 mg), Contolled-release tablets (800mg), Suppositories (Varies from 60mg-1.2g)

DOSAGE & ADMINISTRATION: Adult: Mild pain and fever 325-650mg PO q 4 hr, Myocardial Infarction 160-325 mg PO (Chewing is preferable to swallowing), Pediatric (over 12yr of age): Mild pain and fever 40-100mg/kg/day in divided doses.
Atenolol (Tenormin)
CLASS: Beta-blocking agent

ONSET: Withing 10 min.

DURATION: 2-4 hr.

INDIACATIONS: Paroxysmal Supraventricular tachycardia, Atrial flutter, Atrial fibrillation, To reduce myocardial ischemia and damage in acute myocardial infarction pt.

CONTRAINDICATIONS: Heart Failure, Cardiogenic shock, Bradycardia, Lung disease associated with bronchospasm, Hypersensitivity to atenolol, Hypotension, 2nd or 3rd degree heart block.

ADVERSE REACTIONS: Bradycardia, Atrioventricular conduction delays, Hypotension.

DRUG INTERACTIONS: Atenolol may potentiate atihypertensive effects when given to pt. taking calcium channel blockers or MAO inhinitors; catecholamine-depleting drugs may potentiate hypotension; sympathomimetic effects may be antagonized; signs of hypoglycemia may be masked.

HOW SUPPLIED: 5mg in 10ml ampules.

DOSAGE & ADMINISTRATION: Adult: 5mg slow IV ( over 5 min.); wait 10 min. and then give second dose of 5 mg over 5 min. Pediatric: Not recommended.
Atropine Sulfate (Atropine & Others)
CLASS: Anticholergic agent.

ONSET: Rapid

DURATION: 2-6 hr.

INDICATIONS: Hemodynamically significant bradycardia, Asystole, Pulseless electrical activity with absolute bradycardia, Organophosphate or nerve gas poisoning.

CONTRAINDICATIONS: Tachycardia, Hypersensitivity to atropine, Obstructive disease of gastrointestinal tract, Obstructive uropathy, Unstable cardiovascular status in acute hemorrhage with myocardial ischemia, Narrow-angle glaucoma, Thyrotoxicosis.

ADVERSE REACTIONS: Tachycardia, Paradoxical bradycardia when pushed too slowly or when used at doses less than 0.5mg, Palpitations, Dysrhythmias, Headache, Dizziness, Anticholinergic effects (dry mouth/nose/skin,photophobia, blurred vision, urinary retention, constipation), Nausea vomiting, Flushed, Hot, Dry skin, Allergic reactions.

DRUG INTERACTIONS: Use with other anticholinergic agents may increase vagal bloackade, Potential adverse effect may occur when administered with digitalis,cholinergics,neostigmine, The effects of atropine may be enhanced by antihistamines,procainamide, quinidine, antipsychotics and atidepressants and thiazides, Increased toxicity: amantadine.

HOW SUPPLIED: Parenteral: there are various injection preparations. In the emergency care, atropine usualy is supplied in prefilled syringes containing 1 mg in 10 ml of solution.

DOSAGE & ADMINISTRATION: Bradydysrhythmias: Adult: 0.5mg every 3-5 min. for desired response (max total dose: 3mg) Pediatric: 0.02mg/kg IV/IO/ET Tube (diluted to 3-5ml); min dose: 0.1mg; max single max single dose of 0.5mg for a child and 1mg for an adolescent; may be repeated in 5 min for a max total dose of 1 mg for a child and 2mg for a adolescent. Asystole or PEA: Adult: 1mg IV/ET Tube (2-3mg diluted to a total of 10ml of NS);may be repeated every 3-5min.(max 0.03-0.04mg/kg) Pediatric: Efficacy has not been established.